Indium 1 oxide

Tin oxide and indium oxide [1312-43-2] Iu202, are other important semiconductors that are doped to increase conductivity. Sn02, Iu202, Ti02, and in particular, SrTiO, are transparent to visible light and are often used as transparent electrodes, for example, on vidicon tubes. 

Sn02 is codeposited with indium oxide to form a compound known as indium tin oxide (ITO), widely used as a transparent conductive film. ITO is usually deposited by sputtering and little work on CVD has been reported. 

Mendeleev was bolder in his interpretation than Lothar Meyer, and for this reason we honor him as the primary discoverer of the modem periodic table. A few elements did not fit the pattern of variation in combining numbers with molar mass. Mendeleev proposed that these irregularities meant that the element s molar mass had been measured incorrectly. For example, Mendeleev predicted that the correct molar mass of indium is 113 g /mol, not 75 g /mol, the value assigned at that time on the assumption that the formula for indium oxide is InO. Later experiments showed that the correct formula is L12 O3, and indium s tme molar mass is 114.8 g/mol. 

Indium antimonide Indium sulphate Indium oxide... 

The first reports on direct electrochemistry of a redox active protein were published in 1977 by Hill [49] and Kuwana [50], They independently reported that cytochrome c (cyt c) exhibited virtually reversible electrochemistry on gold and tin doped indium oxide (ITO) electrodes as revealed by cyclic voltammetry, respectively. Unlike using specific promoters to realize direct electrochemistry of protein in the earlier studies, recently a novel approach that only employed specific modifications of the electrode surface without promoters was developed. From then on, achieving reversible, direct electron transfer between redox proteins and electrodes without using any mediators and promoters had made great accomplishments. 

I. Taniguchi, K. Watanabe, M. Tominaga, and F.M. Hawkridge, Direct electron transfer of horse heart myoglobin at an indium oxide electrode. J. Electroanal. Chem. 333, 331-338 (1992). 

M. Tominaga, T. Kumagai, S. Takita, and I. Taniguchi, Effect of surface hydrophilicity of an indium oxide electrode on direct electron transfer of myoglobins. Chem. Lett. 10, 1771-1774 (1993). 

Otsuka, K. et al., Production of hydrogen from methane without COz-emission mediated by indium oxide and iron oxide, Int. ]. Hydrogen Energy, 26,191, 2001. 

Nomura, R. Fujii, S. Kanaya, K. Matsuda, H. 1990. Oxygen- or sulfur-containing organoindium compounds for precursors of indium oxide and sulfide thin films. Polyhedron 9 361-366. 

Vniios A process for catalytically pyrolyzing hydrocarbons to low molecular weight alkenes, similar to catalytic cracking but more efficient. The catalyst is either potassium vanadate on corundum or indium oxide on pumice. Developed by the All-Union Research Institute for Organic Synthesis, Moscow. 

Other materials such as gold (< = 4.9 eV), aluminum (< = 4.2 eV), indium-doped zinc oxide, magnesium indium oxide, nickel tungsten oxide, or other transparent conductive oxide materials, have been studied as anodes in OLEDs. Furthermore, the WF of ITO can be varied by surface treatments such as application of a very thin layer of Au, Pt, Pd, or C, acid or base treatments, self-assembly of active surface molecules, or plasma treatment. 

O. Marcovitch, Z. Klein, and I. Lubezky, Transparent conductive indium oxide films deposited on low temperature substrates by activated reactive evaporation, Appl. Opt., 28 2792-2795 (1989). 

M. Buchanan, J.B. Webb, and D.F. Williams, Preparation of conducting and transparent thin films of tin-doped indium oxide by magnetron sputtering, Appl. Phys. Lett., 37 213-215, 1980. 

R.B.H. Tahar, T. Ban, Y. Ohya, and Y. Takahashi, Tin doped indium oxide thin films electrical properties, J. Appl. Phys., 83 2631-2645, 1998. 

Indium hydroxide, 14 197 Indium mines, 14 192-193 Indium oxide, 5 600 14 195, 196 Indium phosphide, 14 197 Indium plating, for microelectronics, 9 813 Indium-point realization, 24 444 Indium tin oxide (ITO), 7 530 14 196-197 24 805... 

Nanoparticles of Ti02 are deposited on to a glass support covered with a transparent conducting layer of tin-doped indium oxide (ITO). Each nanoparticle is coated with a monolayer of sensitising dye based on Ru(II). Photoexcitation of the dye results in the injection of an electron into the CB of the semiconductor. 

Indium oxide doped with tin oxide (indium-tin oxide (ITO)) or fluoride-doped tin oxide (often expressed as SnOaiF) are the two favoured layers of choice for most electrochemists and analysts. The thickness of such oxide layers is typically 0.3-0.6 pm, so the ITO-coated side of the electrode displays a pleasant purple sheen . 

A second reason for the absence of a purple sheen could be damage to the ITO layer. Thin-film indium-tin oxide is stable in most basic solutions unless the pH is extremely high, but in aqueous acidic solutions the tin oxide will leach out to leave a porous honeycomb of indium oxide, which soon collapses and falls off the electrode. This dissolution process is termed etching. 

Indium-tin oxide (ITO) Tin-doped indium oxide, used as a thin solid film on glass when constructing optically transparent electrodes. 

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