Indium sulphate

A proprietary tetrachromate bath has been used in Germany under the name of the D process. By the use of additions of magnesium oxide and sodium tungstate it is claimed that the current efficiency of the bath can be raised to as high as 35-40%. Other additives such as indium sulphate, sodium selenate or sodium hexavanadate enable bright deposits to be obtained. 

Indium sulphate is slightly more stable than the aluminium salt and decomposition curves (1073—1273 K) fitted [777] the Avrami—Erofe ev equation [eqn. (6)] with values of n increasing with temperature from 1.0 to 1.6. Gallium sulphate is less stable and decomposes between 833 and 973 K[770]. 

Indium antimonide Indium sulphate Indium oxide... 

Antimony telluride films have been grown from antimony(III) and tellurium(IV) oxides.167 Antimony telluride films were stoichimetric and consisted of nanoscale particles of the size 100 nm. The films had a good crystallinity.167 Indium selenide films were grown from indium sulphate and selenium oxide precursors.168 The films consisted of large particles, 70 to 200 nm in diameter. The band gap was 1.73 eV.168... 

Indium sulphate [13464-82-9] M 517.8. Crystd from dilute aqueous H2SO4. 

Indium Platinocyanide, In2[Pt(CN4)]3.2H20, is prepared3 by boiling solutions of barium platinocyanide and indium sulphate together, filtering off the barium sulphate and allowing to crystallise out. It yields white, hygroscopic leaflets. 

The reverse reaction is catalysed by copper sulphate in an ethanol/water (50 50) mixture297 298. Indium(III) chloride catalysis of Diels-Alder reactions was also reported, but the effects were poor and comparison to uncatalysed reactions was made only in a few cases299,300. A very versatile Lewis acid catalyst for such reactions is methylrhenium trioxide (MTO)300. This catalyst can be used without a solvent, in pure organic solvents like chloroform and even in pure water. While the catalyst is active in the latter two solvents (Table 22), it gives the best results in water (Table 23). 

Indium (III) sulphate (5H2O) [17069-79-3] M 607.9, d 3.44. Dissolve in strong H2SO4 and slowly evaporate at ca 50°. Wash crystals with glacial AcOH and then heat in a furnace at a temperature of 450-500° for 6h. Sol in H2O is 5%. The pentahydrate is converted to an anhydrous hygroscopic powder on heating at 500° for 6h but heating above this temperature over N2 yields the oxide sulphate. Evaporation of neutral aqueous solutions provides basic sulphates. [JACS 55 1943 1933, 58 2126 1936],... 

The indium and thallium sulphates M3Min(S04)3 (M1 = Na, K, Rb, or Cs) have been prepared they belong to the same rhombohedral crystal structures as the analogous A1 compounds.557... 

The existence of dimeric and polymeric species in aqueous solutions of indium(m) and thallium(iii) has an effect on kinetics of systems which include these reactants. A T-jump study of indium(iii) perchlorate solution has yielded a value for the rate constant for dimerisation of [InOH] +. Due to ion-pairing complications, it has not proved possible to determine unequivocally, by comparison of rate constants of this and of the indium(m)-sulphate system, whether the rate-determining step in dimerisation of [InOH] + is loss of a solvating water molecule from the indium. The situation is entirely similar for gallium(iii) in perchlorate solution. ... 

Over the years, copper metal production stopped for economic reasons, but numerous other products were added for environmental reasons and to maximize economic return from the concentrates treated. In many cases, technical innovation played a significant role in developing the required processes. The list of products sold today includes zinc, lead, silver, gold, indium, germanium, bismuth, cadmium, calomeL sulphuric acid, liquid sulphur dioxide, ammonium sulphate f tilizers, coppa sulphate, coiqier arsenate, sodium antimonate and ferrous granules. 

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