INDEX product development

Citation Searching. In the scholarly Hterature, authors cite earHer pubHcations that relate to the work being reported, thus a subject relationship exists between the citing and cited Hterature. This relationship has formed the basis for the Science Citation Index and related products, developed by the Institute for Scientific Information. Known as Scisearch in its on-line version, the Science Citation Index has become an important information retrieval tool in the second half of the twentieth century. It has been used for straightforward subject searching, in which mode it complements traditional indexed databases and indexes. It has also become a popular tool for hihliometric studies of various sorts, such as attempts to measure the relative impact of research carried out by different individuals or organizations, or the relative impact of pubHcations in different journals. 

The so-called Q7 tools and techniques, Cause and Effect Diagrams, Pareto Analysis, etc. (Bicheno, 1994 Dale and McQuater, 1998 Straker, 1995), are applicable to any stage of the product development process. Indeed they support the working of some of the techniques mentioned, for example using a Pareto chart for prioritizing the potential risks in terms of the RPN index for a design as determined in FMEA (see Appendix III). 

The EPS system was initially developed to be used within the product development process as a tool to help assess the environmental performance of products. The system is based on LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) methodology and uses inventory data (kg of substance A), characterization factors (impact/kg of substance X) and weighting factors (cost/impacts) to calculate the external costs or values of a product. By multiplying the characterization factor with the weighting factor, an impact index is obtained (cost/kg of substance X) which describe the cost/values related to the emission per use of a kg of a certain substance. 

For a product where it is desired or necessary to show external predictability (e.g., to bridge to the commercial product for a low therapeutic index product), the external validation batch can be included in the same study as the IVIVC batches, normally in a separate study arm (i.e., not randomized). This reduces the probability of failing to fulfill the strict external validation criteria (prediction errors for Cmax and AUC of < 10%), as the data are collected in the same study population as those used to develop and validate the IVIVC. 

Upon completion of preclinical, clinical, and dmg product development, the dmg company submits to the FDA for approval an NDA containing a meticulous, well-indexed, comprehensive, and readable document. The document should satisfy the requirements of the Food, Dmg, and Cosmetic Act and the code of Federal Regulations (CFR) used by the FDA in the review and approval of safe and effective dmg products in the United States. The FDA s NDA review process may last approximately two years. Multiple review teams are involved in the review process including ... 

It has been suggested that projects, in the category leading to a new business or new direchons for the company, that are lead in the early stages by specific individuals who exhibit breakthrough creativity, as measured by the Myers-Briggs creativity index (see Section C, 1.5.1), show a much higher success rate [D-16]. However, this only applies if they also work within the framework of an excellent new product development system. 

One possible compromise here would be to develop an index based on the performance of a neutral agent that only mechanically removes viruses from hands. In the past, nonmedicated soaps have often been used for this purpose. However, soaps on the market differ widely, especially in properties such as pH and detergent action. Tap water also differs at different geographical locations. Therefore, a simple, safe, and readily available solution such as standard hard water (e.g., with 200 ppm hardness) could be used to establish the reference point for this index. Product efficacy claims could then be allowed at a certain differential above the mechanical virus removal with hard water. Manufacturers could publish the performance index of their formulation on the label to aid in product selection. To prevent minor differences in indices being used as a sales feature, a simple product classitication scheme could be developed. 

The year 2003 saw the launch of the European Clinical Trials (EudraCT) Database (https //eudract.emea.eu.int/eudract/index.do). The database is interfaced with the Eudravigilance Clinical Trial Module (EVCTM), and is used to facilitate communication on clinical trials between authorities in the oversight of clinical trials and investigational medicinal product development, and to provide for enhanced protection of clinical trial participants receiving investigational medicinal products. 

Attempts have been made to combine the different parameters of a separation into a single criterion that describes the overall quality of a column or a separation. We would like to combine a measure of the narrowness of the buds, the analysis time, and the pressure needed to drive the separation. Since we want to maximize efficiency while minimizing analysis time and pressure, a possible measure would be the simple ratio of plate count to the product of analysis time and pressure. However, since we end up with two parameters that we want to minimize in the denominator and only one parameter that we want to maximize in the numerator, we end up with a measure that minimizes plate count To compensate for this, we n to raise the plate count in the numnator to the second power. This measure of overall column performance is the performance index, first developed for gas chromatography by Golay (18) ... 

Currently, the purpose of the Higg Index is to guide the decision making of brands and manufacturers on an internal basis. In other words, it is a tool used by companies to self-assess their environmental and social performance, identify areas of strength and weakness, and opportunities for improvement. Future plans of the SAC for the Higg Index include development of a methodology to use the Index to communicate to consumers and other public stakeholders the social and environmental impacts of apparel product manufacturing, distribution, consumption, and disposal. 

The expedited procedures described herein provide a practical and cost effective means of conceptual profiling and consequently for obtaining a derived index of fit-to-brand, within the context of routine new product development. 

In a typical new product development scenario, we self-evidently would not have the Inxury of actual sales data prior to launch. To complete the picture we used an Eskin-type trial and repeat volumetric model to predict sales volumes for the same 15 products, as would typically be done at the end of the new product development process. The sales volume predictions were then modelled against the corresponding values for our derived index of fit-to-brand. The exponential function shown in Fig. 5.14 fits very well. 

BenediiSiiS J, vbi R, Duhovnik J (2012) Development of a new method of searching a new product development opportunity. Teh vjesn 19(4) 759-767. http //hrcak.srce.hr/index.php show=clanak id clanakjezik=137676... 

Therefore, lEA Bioenergy Task 42 has published a working document to present the current status of an approach to develop a Biorefinery Complexity Index (BCI) and to calculate the BCI for some selected biorefinery concepts.The approach was developed since 2010 and started with the analogy to the Nelson s complexity index used for oil refineries. The Nelson s (complexity) index was developed by Wilbur L. Nelson and published in the Oil and Gas Journal (1960-61) to quantify the costs of the refinery s components. The Nelson s index is an indicator for the investment intensity, the cost index of the refinery, the value addition potential of a refinery, the refinery s ability to process feedstocks, such as high-sulfur crude, into value-added products. The higher the complexity of the refinery the more flexible it is. 

In addition to conventional needle-punched carpets and tiles, nonwovens are used in new innovative flooring solutions, such as the products developed by Floor and Friends (http //www.floor-and-fiiends.com/index.html), who use a combination of felt, nonwovens, and leathers to create vibrant interior surfaces. Their Wall Stripes material is a laminate material made of strips of 100% wool felt and needle-punched nonwoven produced using reclaimed textiles (http //materia.nFmaterial/wall-stripes/, 2015). Different ratios of felt and needle-punched nonwoven can be specified, with up to 80% needle-punched nonwoven within the laminate (http //materia.nl/material/ wall-stripes/, 2015). The resulting material is colourful, sustainable, and has good acoustic properties (http //materia.nFmaterial/wall-stripes/, 2015). The same approach is also use in their Mixed Stripes material, which combines felt and leather. 

The life index of the product is verified by experiment. Reliability index under different working mode is presented by assessment, providing the basis for subsequent products. The good results are recognized by the product development personnel and experts in the industry. 

The correlation of the FI with continuous cropland demonstrated, for the first time, a possible link between land cover, DOM character, and aromaticity. The BIX index, originally developed to compare peaks M and C in marine and estuarine environments, was applied to a terrestrial environment and was shown to correlate with total dissolved nitrogen. This is likely to be a co-relationship, with increased microbial productivity leading to increased fluorescence in the peak M and peak T regions, increasing the value of this index due to eutrophication. 

The basic condition of the Standard application - the availability of stable coupled probabilistic or the multiple probabilistic relations between then controlled quality indexes and magnetic characteristics of steel. All the probabilistic estimates, used in the Standard, are applied at confidence level not less than 0,95. General requirements to the means of control and procedure of its performance are also stipulated. Engineers of standard development endeavoured take into consideration the existed practice of technical control performance and test at the enterprises that is why the preparation of object control for the performance of nondestructive test can be done during the process of ordinary acceptance test. It is suggested that every enterprise is operated in correspondence with direct and non-destructive tests, obtained exactly at it, for detailed process chart and definite product type, however the tests have long since been performed after development of the Standard displayed that process gives way to unification. 

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