Origins and development

If you want to understand today, you have to search yesterday. (Pearl Buck) 

The development of elastic polyurethanes began as a program to find a replacement for rubber during the days of World War H when polyurethanes were utilized 

Prisacariu, Polyurethane Elastomers, IX)110.1007/978-3-7091-0514-6 1, Springer-Verlag/Wien 2011 

The first commercial polyurethanes were achieved in Germany by Bayer-Faben-fabriken and in the US by B.F. Goodrich in the 1950 s (Schollenbenger et al., 1958). In subsequent decades (starting year 1952 when polyisocyanates became commercially available), there were further developments. The first commercially available polyether polyol, poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol, was introduced by DuPont in 1956 by polymerizing tetrahydrofuran. 

By the early 1960 s, B.F. Goodrich produced Estane, while Mobay and Upjohn marketed Texin, and Pellethane respectively in the United States. Bayer and Elas-togran marketed Desmopan and Elastollan respectively, in Europe. 

---

R. E. Putnam, in R. B. Seymour and G. S. Kirshenbaum, eds.. High Petformance Polymers Their Origin and Development, Elsevier Scientific Publishing,... 

High Performance Polymers Their Origin and Development," Proceedings of the ACS Symposium, Neiv York, Apr. 15—18, 1986, Elsevier Science Pubhshing Co. Inc., New York, 1986. 

G. H. Reazin, in J. R. Piggott, ed.. Flavour of Distilled Beverages Origin and Development, Vedag Chemie International, Deerfield Beach, Fla., 1983, p. 225. 

Seymour, R.B. and Kirshenbaum, G.S. (1986) High Performance Polymers Their Origin and Development (Elsevier, New York). 

Urey, H. C. (1952). "The Planets, Their Origin and Development." New Haven, Yale Univ. Press. 

The rite of the Catholic mass is explained in Joseph A. Jungmann, The Mass of the Roman Rite Its Origins and development (New York/Boston Benziger Bros., 1955), vol. 2, 186-237 and also in James, Saerifice and Saerament (1962), 104-25, 213-59. This is the analysis of Jung, Psychology and Alehemy (1993), 489. 

Jungmann, Joseph A., The Mass of the Roman Rite Its Origins and development (New York/Boston Benziger Bros., 1955), 2 vols. 

Partington, J.R. Origins and development of applied chemistry. London Longmans, Green, 1935. 597p. 

Wilson, William Jerome. The origin and development of Greco-Egyptian alchemy. Ciba Symposia 3, no. 5 (Aug 1941) 925-960. 

Matthew E. Hermes. Synthetic Fibers from Pure Science DuPont Hires Carothers. In Manmade Fibers Their Origin and Development. Raymond B. Seymour and Roger S. Porter, eds. London Elsevier Applied Science, 1993. 

The following selection explains the origins and development of the modern shopping mall. 

Miller and Kirchner in 1953, were the pioneer in originating and developing the novel ideal of performing chemical unit-process reactions directly on TLC-plates. The two major steps involved in achieving this objective are, namely ... 

The discussion in the section on the origin of secondary a-deuterium KIEs demonstrated the power of combining theoretical calculations with experimental measurements for determining the origin and developing an understanding of the secondary a-deuterium KIEs in SN2 reactions. One SN2 reaction where a combination of experiment and theory has been used to elucidate the structure of the transition state is the Menshutkin reaction (19) (Abboud et al., 1993)... 

Hayman, N. W. and Smith, F. S Major Advances in Polyester 2GT Technology, 1941-1990. In Manmade Fibers Their Origin and Development, Seymour, R. B. and Porter, R. S. (Eds), Elsevier Applied Science, London, 1993, pp. 369-394. 

King Charles I of England, quoted in David Flardy, Origins and Development of the Second Amendment. Chino Valley, Ariz. Blacksmith, 1986, p. 25. 

---