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Hair arsenic

Wright RO, Amarasiriwardena C, Woolf JR, Bellinger DC (2006) Neuropsychological correlates of hair arsenic, manganese, and cadmium levels in school-age children residing near a hazardous waste site. Neurotoxicology, 27(2) 210-216. [Pg.307]

For nails the situation is similar to that for hair. Arsenic might be deposited in the nail roots from the blood stream and then migrates distally as the nails grow. The risk of exogenous influences, of course, is also similar and probably even more pronounced. [Pg.295]

A cross-sectional epidemiological study in Cambodia with 616 respondents evaluated hair arsenic as a biomarker not only for arsenicosis-related signs but also for associated symptoms. Authors suggested hair arsenic concentration of 1.0 4g/g to be a practical cut-off point, which in presence of one or more of the classical signs of arsenicosis seems to be a practical criteria for a confirmed diagnosis. Thus, hair arsenic concentration may be an important biomarker [26S27C]. [Pg.299]

Hashim JH, Radzi RSM, Aljunid SM, Nur AM, Ismail A, Baguma D, et al. Hair arsenic levels and prevalence of arsenicosis in three Cambodian provinces. Sci Total Environ 2013 463-464 1210-6. [Pg.316]

In the modern forensic chemistry laboratory (Figure B) arsenic is detected by analysis of hair samples, where the element tends to concentrate in chronic arsenic poisoning. A single strand of hair is sufficient to establish the presence or absence of the element. The technique most commonly used is neutron activation analysis, described in Chapter 19. If the concentration found is greater than about 0.0003%, poisoning is indicated normal arsenic levels are much lower than this. [Pg.573]

This technique was applied in the early 1960s to a lock of hair taken from Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821) on St Helena. Arsenic levels of up to 50 times normal suggested he may have been a victim of poisoning, perhaps on orders from the French royal family. [Pg.574]

Arsine is highly volatile and there is little risk of direct residual contamination. However, potential persistent decomposition products include arsenic and arsenic oxides. Wash the remains with soap and water. Pay particular attention to areas where agent may get trapped, such as hair, scalp, pubic areas, fingernails, folds of skin, and wounds. If remains are heavily contaminated with residue, then wash and rinse waste should be contained for proper disposal. Once the remains have been thoroughly decontaminated, no further protective action is necessary. Body fluids removed during the embalming process do not pose any additional risks and should be contained and handled according to established procedures. Use standard burial procedures. [Pg.252]

Proximity to the smokestacks of metal smelters is positively associated with increased levels of lead in the hair (manes) of horses and in tissues of small mammals, and is consistent with the results of soil and vegetation analyses (USEPA 1972). Lead concentrations were comparatively high in the hair of older or chronically impaired horses (USEPA 1972). However, tissues of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) collected near a zinc smelter did not contain elevated levels of lead (Sileo and Beyer 1985). Among small mammals near a metal smelter, blood ALAD activity was reduced in the white-footed mouse but normal in others, e.g., the short-tailed shrew (Beyer et al. 1985). The interaction effects of lead components in smelter emissions with other components, such as zinc, cadmium, and arsenic, are unresolved (USEPA 1972) and warrant additional research. [Pg.257]

Animal tissues usually contain low levels (<0.3 mg As/kg fresh weight) of arsenic. After the administration of arsenicals, these levels are elevated, especially in liver, kidney, spleen, and lung and several weeks later, arsenic is translocated to ectodermal tissues (hair, nails) because of the high concentration of sulfur-containing proteins in these tissues. [Pg.1522]

Lin, T.H. and Y.L. Huang. 1998. Arsenic species in drinking water, hair, fingernails, and urine of patients with blackfoot disease. Jour. Toxicol. Environ. Health 53A 85-93. [Pg.1538]

Figure 9.8 Trace element profile along a single hair using LA-ICP-MS. The horizontal axis refers to the tracking time of the laser along the hair, which equates to distance, (a) shows lead along individual hairs from different depositional environments A is a modern sample, B is an experimentally buried modern sample, C is from a surface-exposed (8 months) forensic case, and D is an archaeological sample (died 1867). (b) shows arsenic from three of these same samples. There is clearly postdepositional uptake of both elements in the archaeological samples, and in these particular examples little evidence of lateral variation. Figure 9.8 Trace element profile along a single hair using LA-ICP-MS. The horizontal axis refers to the tracking time of the laser along the hair, which equates to distance, (a) shows lead along individual hairs from different depositional environments A is a modern sample, B is an experimentally buried modern sample, C is from a surface-exposed (8 months) forensic case, and D is an archaeological sample (died 1867). (b) shows arsenic from three of these same samples. There is clearly postdepositional uptake of both elements in the archaeological samples, and in these particular examples little evidence of lateral variation.
Arsenic is highly toxic, and indeed much speculation has surrounded arsenic poisoning as the cause of death of Napoleon Bonaparte, on account of the levels of As in the Emperor s hair (perhaps derived from fungal activity on a green pigment present in the wallpaper of his apartments in St. Helena). Arsenic trioxide has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the USA for the treatment of acute promyelocytic anaemia in adult patients who fail to respond to other chemotherapy, or have relapsed disease. [Pg.9]

The appreciation of color and the use of colorants dates back to antiquity. The art of making colored candy is shown in paintings in Egyptian tombs as far back as 1500 bc. Pliny the Elder described the use of artificial colorants in wine in 1500 bc. Spices and condiments were colored at least 500 years ago. The use of colorants in cosmetics is better documented than colorants in foods. Archaeologists have pointed out that Egyptian women used green copper ores as eye shadow as early as 5000 bc. Henna was used to redden hair and feet, carmine to redden lips, faces were colored yellow with saffron and kohl, an arsenic compound, was used to darken eyebrows. More recently, in Britain, in the twelfth century, sugar was colored red with kermes and madder and purple with Tyrian purple. [Pg.173]

Inorganic arsenic salts are also present in pesticides, herbicides, fungicides, paints, and tobacco plants. If transmitted to water, they accumulate in fish, mollusks, crustaceans, and algae (Johansen et ah, 2000). Transformed into organic salts, they reach the gastrointestinal tract via food and are delivered to liver, spleen, kidneys, and lungs. Arsenic is deposited in skin, nails, and hair. [Pg.342]

Chemically, arsenic is complex in that it can exist in a variety of forms including trivalent and pentavalent or as arsenic trioxide (computer chip manufacture) and arsenic acid. Arsenic is excreted in skin cells, sweat, hair, and fingernails, which can be seen as white transverse bands. Acute exposure to arsenic results in gastrointestinal pain, sensory loss, cardiovascular failure, and death. Chronic exposure or survival of acute exposure can cause loss of peripheral sensory function and loss of central nervous system function. Chronic arsenic exposure can also cause cancer of the lung and skin (see the chapter on arsenic). [Pg.126]

Arsenic sesquisulfide occurs in nature as the mineral orpiment. It is used as a pigment in the manufacture of infrared-transmitting glass in semiconductors and photoconductors in pyrotechnics in linoleum and oil cloth for the removal of hairs from hides and as a reducing agent. [Pg.66]

Arsenic Inorganic arsenic salts Gastrointestinal, respiratory (all mucosal surfaces), skin Predominantly soft tissues (highest in liver, kidney). Avidly bound in skin, hair, nails Cardiovascular shock, arrhythmias. CNS encephalopathy, peripheral neuropathy. Gastroenteritis pancytopenia cancer (many sites) Inhibits enzymes interferes with oxidative phosphorylation alters cell signaling, gene expression Methylation. Renal (major) sweat and feces (minor)... [Pg.1228]

Since 1960, it has been demonstrated by various analytical procedures that high concentrations of arsenic were present in Napoleon s hair.88 Multi-element analysis of two specimens of Napoleon s hair by ICP-MS after mineralization in concentrated nitric acid resulted in arsenic concentrations (42.1 and 37.4(xgg-1) about 40 times higher than normal values, confirming the hypothesis of a significant exposure to arsenic. However, mercury (3.3. and 4.7(xgg 1), antimony (2.1 and 1.8(xgg 1) and lead (229 and 112p,gg-1) were also detected at elevated levels. The elevated concentrations of Sb and Hg are in agreement with the data already known about the therapeutic treatments given to Napoleon (calomel and tartar emetic are compounds of mercury and antimony, respectively).88... [Pg.350]

Ingested arsenic is known to be not only excreted by urine, but also to be stored in sulfydryl rich tissue like hair, nails or skin. A method of extracting arsenic species from hair and nail samples has been developed for the analysis of the total arsenic concentration, inorganic As ( ) and As... [Pg.351]

One of the most famous applications in forensic science is the analysis of Napoleon s hair by ICP-MS after mineralization in concentrated nitric acid whereby an arsenic concentration about 40 times higher than normal (about 40p,gg 1) was measured (see Section 9.5). Ingested arsenic is known to be stored in sulfydryl rich tissue, like hair, nails or skin. ETV-ICP-MS combined with isotope dilution has been employed to measure thallium in human scalp hair from a person poisoned by thallium compared to control subjects, whereby several longitudinal concentration gradients for the analyzed segments (length 10 mm) were obtained.28... [Pg.436]

Increased susceptibility of certain segments of the population, e.g., young children, may arise from increased tissue sensitivity, more complete absorption, altered distribution, or less developed or impaired defense mechanisms. The increased sensitivity of the child to lead toxicity is well documented (100, 101). In children, unlike the adult, renal tubular damage and encephalopathy are more common sequelae (76, 100). With arsenic exposure, children show significantly higher concentrations of the element in hair and urine than do adults (62). [Pg.208]

The dangerous physiological effects of arsenic trichloride are described in Chapter XI. The vapour is readily adsorbed by fibres such as hair and wool, and also by rubber. [Pg.105]

Pollution of the atmosphere is a frequent cause of trouble thus in 1929 the cattle dipping truck yards at Julia Creek, Queensland, were removed owing to contamination of the town atmosphere, dust samples from which disclosed 10 to 12 parts of arsenic per million.3 Chronic poisoning has also resulted from the inhalation of the fumes liberated on burning mosquito incense made from orpiment and sawdust.4 A systematic clinical and X-ray examination of furnace workers at the arsenic works at Freiberg, Saxony, revealed that the majority suffered from pustular and eczematous conditions of the skin and 80 per cent, showed ulceration and perforation of the septum of the nose, in spite of the provision of sponge respirators and protective clothing 5 arsenic was present in the hair and nails. [Pg.290]


See other pages where Hair arsenic is mentioned: [Pg.123]    [Pg.340]    [Pg.645]    [Pg.182]    [Pg.123]    [Pg.340]    [Pg.645]    [Pg.182]    [Pg.328]    [Pg.147]    [Pg.200]    [Pg.1492]    [Pg.1532]    [Pg.76]    [Pg.77]    [Pg.34]    [Pg.39]    [Pg.215]    [Pg.116]    [Pg.52]    [Pg.44]    [Pg.1492]    [Pg.1232]    [Pg.1234]    [Pg.1235]    [Pg.515]    [Pg.21]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.173 , Pg.202 , Pg.214 , Pg.242 , Pg.243 ]




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