Arsenous Oxide

The element is a steel gray, very brittle, crystalline, semimetallic solid it tarnishes in air, and when heated is rapidly oxidized to arsenous oxide with the odor of garlic. Arsenic and its compounds are poisonous. 

Allylation with allyl borates takes place smoothly under neutral conditions. Allylic alcohols are also used for allylation in the presence of boron oxide by in situ formation of allylic borates[125]. Similarly, arsenic oxide is used for allylation with allylic aleohols[126]. In addition, it was claimed that the allyl alkyl ethers 201. which are inert by themselves, can be used for the allylation in the presence of boron oxide[127]. 

Early catalysts for acrolein synthesis were based on cuprous oxide and other heavy metal oxides deposited on inert siHca or alumina supports (39). Later, catalysts more selective for the oxidation of propylene to acrolein and acrolein to acryHc acid were prepared from bismuth, cobalt, kon, nickel, tin salts, and molybdic, molybdic phosphoric, and molybdic siHcic acids. Preferred second-stage catalysts generally are complex oxides containing molybdenum and vanadium. Other components, such as tungsten, copper, tellurium, and arsenic oxides, have been incorporated to increase low temperature activity and productivity (39,45,46). 

Arsenic Oxides and Acids. The only arsenic oxides of commercial importance are the trioxide and the pentoxide. These are readily soluble in alkaline solution, forming arsenites and arsenates, respectively. 

Arsenic trioxide [1327-53-3] (arsenic(III) oxide, arsenic sesquioxide, arsenous oxide, white arsenic, arsenic), AS2O2, is the most important arsenic compound of commerce. The octahedral or cubic modification, arsenoHte [1303-24-8], 298 1313.9 kJ/mol (—314 kcal/mol) 214 J/(mol-K)... 

Chemical Designations - Synonyms Arsenous Acid Arsenous Acid Anhydride Arsenous Oxide Arsenic Sesquioxide White Arsenic Chemical Formula AsjOj. 

Fire Hazards - Flash Point Not flammable Flammable Limits in Air (%) Not flammable Fire Extinguishing Agents Not pertinent Fire Extinguishing Agents Not To Be Used Not pertinent Special Hazards of Combustion Products Poisonous, volatile arsenic oxides may be formed in fires Behavior in Fire Not pertinent Ignition Terrqterature Not pertinent E/cc/nca/Hazard Not pertinent Burning Rate Not pertinent. 

Arsen-oxyd, n, arsenic oxide, specif, arsenic trioxide, arsemc(III) oxide. -pra parat, n, arsenical preparation, arsenical, -probe, /, arsenic test or sample, -rohr, n, -rShre, /. arsenic tube, -rotgultigerz, n. proustite. -rubin, m. realgar, -salz, n. arsenic salt, arsensauer, a. of or combined with arsenic acid, arsenate of,... 

Arsenic Pantoxide (Arsenic Acid Anhydride, Arsenic Oxide). As2Os, mw 229.84, white amorph powd, mp 315° (decompn), d 4.32g/cc. Sol in ale, acids, alkalies and w. Prepn is by heating a rnixt of As2 3 with coned HN03 (d 1.38g/cc) until the evoln of nitrogen oxides ceases. The soln of H3As04 is then evapd to dryness, redissolved in w and reevapd until a temp of over 300° is reached. It is used as a chemical reagent... 

For the XPS work, reference materials were examined to establish binding energies for the various arsenic oxidation states. Arsenic metal, AS2O3, As2S2> A82S3, all from Ventron, and AS2O3 from J. 

As seen in the above equations, the aqueous oxidation processes convert sulfur in the feed to dissolved sulfate, while arsenic is oxidized and precipitated as ferric arsenate compounds. So, problems of the emission of sulfur and arsenic oxides caused by roasting are avoided in the aqueous oxidation processes. The two different industrial methods which achieve the oxidation reactions are pressure oxidation and biological oxidation. 

Hydrochloric acid and chlorovinyl arsenous oxide, a vesicant. The latter is a nonvolatile solid that is not readily washed away by rains. Strong alkalies destroy these blisterforming properties. 

Vesicants produce acidic products including hydrogen chloride (HC1), hydrogen bromide (HBr), or hydrogen fluoride (HF), and ethanolamines, thioglycols, or thioethers when hydrolyzed. Arsenous oxide decomposition products from HL (C03-A010) are toxic and may also have vesicant properties. HL will also produce acetylene at higher pH. 

Volatile decomposition products may include HC1, HBr, HF, and nitrogen oxides (NO ) or sulfur oxides (SO ). Decomposition vapors from nitrogen vesicants may form explosive mixtures in air. In addition, a corrosive and toxic residue may remain. HL (C03-A010) will also produce toxic arsenic oxides. 

Volatile decomposition products may include HC1, HBr, and arsenic oxides. In addition, a corrosive or toxic residue or both may remain. 

Standard burials are acceptable when contamination levels are low enough to allow bodies to be handled without wearing additional protective equipment. Cremation may be required if remains cannot be completely decontaminated. Although arsenic vesicant agents are destroyed at the operating temperature of a commercial crematorium (i.e., above 1000°F), the initial heating phase may volatilize some of the agents and allow vapors to escape. Additionally, combustion will produce toxic and potentially volatile arsenic oxides. 

Hydrogen cyanide is highly soluble and stable in water. Many others decompose into hydrogen cyanide and/or corrosives such as hydrogen chloride (HCl), hydrogen bromide (HBr), hydrogen fluoride (HF), or hydrogen iodide (HI). Some components may produce arsenous oxides or arsenic salts when hydrolyzed. 

Volatile decomposition products include arsenic oxides. Arsine may decompose to hydrogen gas and arsenic metal if heated in a sealed container. 

Small areas Ventilate to remove the vapors. If decomposition to arsenic metal or arsenic oxides has occurred, wash the area with copious amounts of soap and water. Collect and containerize the rinseate in containers lined with high-density polyethylene. 

Arsine is highly volatile and there is little risk of direct residual contamination. However, potential persistent decomposition products include arsenic and arsenic oxides. Wash the remains with soap and water. Pay particular attention to areas where agent may get trapped, such as hair, scalp, pubic areas, fingernails, folds of skin, and wounds. If remains are heavily contaminated with residue, then wash and rinse waste should be contained for proper disposal. Once the remains have been thoroughly decontaminated, no further protective action is necessary. Body fluids removed during the embalming process do not pose any additional risks and should be contained and handled according to established procedures. Use standard burial procedures. 

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