Ethylene glycol sodium bicarbonate

Bisethylenedioxypregn-5-ene. Method A. A mixture of progesterone (10 g), freshly distilled ethylene glycol (80 ml) and benzene (350 ml) is slowly distilled for 15 min to remove traces of water. p-Toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (0.3 g) is added and the mixture is heated under reflux with stirring for 5 hr with a water separator. Saturated sodium bicarbonate solution is added to the cooled mixture and the benzene layer is separated. The organic layer is washed twice with water, dried and evaporated in vacuo. The residue is crystallized twice from acetone-methanol to give 4.15 g (32%) of bisketal, mp 178-181°. 

Ji-Methoxy-ll, 11-ethylenedioxy-lS-methylestra-1,3,5(lO)-tnene. A solution of (+)3-methoxy-18-methylestra-l,3,5(10)-trien-17-one (5 g) dissolved in ethylene glycol (5 ml) and ethyl orthoformate (10 ml) containing />-toluenesulfonic acid (0.3 g) is heated under reflux for 2 hr in a nitrogen atmosphere. The resulting solution is diluted with methylene chloride and washed with dilute sodium bicarbonate and water. The organic phase is dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated to dryness in the presence of a trace of pyridine. Trituration of the residue with petroleum ether yields 4.7 g (82 %) of the pure ketal. 

Ethylene glycol is made by reacting chlorohydrin with sodium bicarbonate,... 

Chemical/Physical. Reacts with aqueous sodium bicarbonate solutions at 105 °C producing ethylene glycol (Patnaik, 1992). 

Benzene, Arsenic trichloride, Aluminum chloride. Hexanes Acetic anhydride. Nitric acid, Hexamine, Acetic acid, Methylene chloride. Sodium bicarbonate, Magnesium sulfate, Dioxane, Hydrogen chloride, Acetone, Sodium azide m-phenylenediamine, Methanol, Sodium carbonate, Ethyl chloromate, Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, Sulfuric acid, Nitric acid... 

A mixture of 11.8 g of (+/-)-3a,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-4-methyl-2-oxo-ip-indaheptanoic acid methyl ester, 27 ml of ethylene glycol and 300 mg of p-toluene sulfonic acid mono-hydrate in 600 ml of benzene was refluxed with stirring for 18 hours using a Dean-Stark trap to separate the water formed in the reaction. The reaction mixture was cooled and added to 300 ml of cold 5% potassium bicarbonate. The aqueous layer extracted twice with 2 1 benzene-hexene. The combined organic fractions were washed 3 times with saturated aqueous NaCI, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated to dryness... 

A solution of 0.144 g of the 3-ethylene glycol ketal of 5a,lip,17a,21 -tetrahydroxy-6p-fluoro-16a-methylallopregnane-3,20-dione-21 acetate in 12 ml of chloroform and 0.1 ml of absolute alcohol was cooled to -10°C in an ice-salt bath and a stream of anhydrous hydrochloric acid was gently bubbled through the solution for 2.5 hours while the temperature was maintained between -5°C and -15°C. The solution was then diluted with 25 ml of chloroform, washed with dilute sodium bicarbonate and water, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure at 60°C or less to give 6a-fluoro-lip,17a,21-trihydroxy-16a-methyl-4-pregnene-3,20-dione 21-acetate. 

In addition, because one of the effects of ethylene glycol is to cause the blood and tissues to become more acidic, treatment also involves giving the patient an intravenous infusion of bicarbonate of soda (sodium... 

Modifications are made also in order to use this reaction to conjugate nucleosides to erythrocyte surfaces, allowing use of the coated cells as targets for assays of antibody-forming splenic lymphocytes. Nucleoside, 10-20 mg, is oxidized in 1.5 ml of 0.1 M sodium periodate in 0.15M NaHCOa for 20 min at room temperature the reaction is stopped by the addition of 15 /zl of ethylene glycol. Sheep erythrocytes are washed twice with 0.15 M NaHCOs, and 0.5 ml of packed cells is then suspended in 2.0 ml of the bicarbonate solution in a40-ml centrifuge tube. The oxidized nucleoside is added dropwise to the cell suspension and the mixture is kept at room temperature for 15 min. fert-Butylamine borane (Aldrich Chemical Co.), 100 mg in 5 ml of 0.15 M NaHCOs, is added. The suspension is kept at room temperature for 3 min, and the tube is then quickly filled with bicarbonate solution and centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 10 min. 

The synthesis of 18F-FET is carried out in two steps (Wester et al, 1999) First, ethylene glycol-1,2-ditosylate in acetonitrile is reacted with dry 18F-containing Kryptofix 2.2.2 and potassium bicarbonate at 90°C for 10 min. The product is purified by absorbing it on a polystyrene cartridge and then eluting with dimethylsulfoxide. Second, the eluate is mixed with dipotassium sodium salt of L-tyrosine and heated at 90°C for 10min. The mixture is purified by HPLC and cation exchange to afford 18F-FET. The radiochemical yield is about 40-45% with purity between 97 and 99%. 

SODIUM BICARBONATE (497-19-8) CHNaOj Noncombustible solid. Aqueous solution is a strong base. Violent reaction with acids evolving carbon dioxide. Violent reaction with finely divided aluminum, fluorine, lithium. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, phosphorus pentoxide, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene. Forms explosive material with 2,4,5-trinitrotoluene and increases the thermal sensitivity of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) by decreasing the tenqjerature of explosion from 566°F/297°C to 424°F/218°C. Attacks metals. Thermal decomposition at 228°F/109°C, releasing oxides of carbon. 

Systemically administered ethanol is confined to the treatment of poisoning by methyl alcohol and ethylene glycol. Treatment consists of sodium bicarbonate to combat acidosis, hemodialysis, and the administration of ethanol, which slows the formation of methanol s metabolites, formaldehyde and formic acid, by competing with methanol for metabolism by ADH (Figure 22-1). Formic acid causes nerve damage its effects on the retina and optic nerve can cause blindness. 

The hydrolysis of the amyl chlorides with sodium oleate and caustic soda solution to form the corresponding alcohols is the basis of a flourishing industry and is discussed on another page. The ease of removal of halogen increases markedly from chlorine to iodine and with increasing complexity of the compound. Ethylene chlorohydrin, for example, is easily and smoothly hydrolyzed to ethylene glycol by aqueous sodium bicarbonate CH,0HCH,C1 + NaHCO, aq. - CH,OHCH,OH -H CO. + NaCl... 

Ethylene chlorohydrin vapors form an explosive mixture with air the LEE and UEL values are 4.9% and 15.9% by volume of air, respectively. Among the hazardous reaction products are ethylene oxide, formed by internal displacement of the chlorine atom by the alkoxide ion, ethylene glycol formed by hydrolysis with sodium bicarbonate at 105°C (221°F), and ethylene cyanohydrin resulting from the reaction with alkali metal cyanides. 

Polyarylate resin Polyarylether ketone resin Polyester carbonate resin Polyetherimide resin Polyethylene, chlorinated Polyethylene glycol Polyethylene, medium density Poly (p-methylstyrene) Poly (p-methylstyrene), rubber-modified Poly (oxy-1,2-ethanediyloxycarbonyl-2,6-naphthalenediylcarbonyl) resin Poly (oxy-p-phenylenesulfonyl-p-phenyleneoxy-p-phenyleneisopropylidene-p-phenylene) resin Poly (phenyleneterephthalamide) resin Polysulfone resin Poly (tetramethylene terephthalate) Polyvinylidene chloride Potassium sorbate Potato (Solanum tuberosum) starch Silica, colloidal Silicone Sodium N-alkylbenzenesulfonate Sodium bicarbonate Sodium tetraborate pentahydrate Starch, pregelatinized Styrene/acrylates copolymer Styrene/butadiene polymer Styrene/DVB copolymer , 1,1 -Sulfonylbis (4-chlorobenzene) polymer with 4,4 -(1-methylethylidene) bis (phenol) and 4,4 -sulfonylbis (phenol) Synthetic wax Tapioca starch Tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoro (propyl vinyl ether) copolymer Tocopherol Triglycidyl isocyanurate VA/crotonates copolymer Vinyl chloride/ethylene copolymer Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch... 

One of the earliest methods for modification of a PMMA surface for medical applications is based on chemical conversion of the wall rather than on addition of a new layer [9]. The conversion of PMMA consists of reesterificatitMi of PMMA with polyfunctional hydroxyl compounds, such as ethylene glycol, glycerol, mannitol, or saccharose. First, the PMMA surface is covered with ethylene glycol or another polyalcohol, which is allowed to diffuse inside the polymer body. Then the surface is treated with hot sulfuric acid to perform reesterification and replace the methanol in PMMA with ethylene glycol. After neutralization with sodium bicarbonate, a hydrophilic, transparent layer is formed on the surface of the PMMA. 

Under the protection of nitrogen, the compound 2.2.30 (500 mg, 1.36 mmol) was dissolved in AcOH (10 mL), and then, Pb(OAc)4 (3.1 g, 6.8 mmol) was added at 0 °C. The reaction was stirred for 1 h at 0 °C. TEC showed that the reaction was completed. Ethylene glycol (5 mL) was added to quench the reaction. The solid was filtered off and washed with ethyl acetate (1(X) mL). The organic phase was reserved and washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate (3 x 50 mL). The water phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 50 mL). The combined organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. After filtration, the solvent was removed by a rotary evaporator, and the resulting crude product was isolated and purified by flash column chromatography (PE/EA = 5 1) to give 2.2.37 (275 mg) and 2.2.38 (135 mg) as white solid, total yield 92 %. 

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