Acrylic styrene

Heck type vinylation of 4-bromo-l-(4-methylphenylsulfonyl)-indole proceeds in good yield with such alkenes as methyl acrylate, styrene and N-vinylphthalimide using Pd(OAc)2 (5 mol%) and tri-o-tolylphosphine as the... 

Other blends of polycarbonate have limited markets so far. The most significant blends are with polyurethanes, polyetherimides, acrylate—styrene-acrylonitrile (ASA), acrylonitrile—ethylene—styrene (AES), and styrene—maleic anhydride (SMA). 

One such system involved grafting 70 parts of methyl methacrylate on to 30 parts of an 81-19 2-ethylhexyl acrylate-styrene copolymer. Such a grafted material was claimed to have very good weathering properties as well as exhibiting high optical transmission. 

Methyl methacrylate-ethyi acrylate-styrene copolymer >10 9.2 1,7 90 4,400 440 0,020 0,025 ... 

Properties Method Units (Acrylic) (Styrene) Polycarbonate Copolymer... 

Vinyl Chloride CH2=C HC1 Acrylates, Styrene, W, or oxidizing agents. Forms the Poly-peroxide which decomps exo-thermally at RT Air Vap Monomer. In Air 4.0 to 22.0% or 3.6 to 33.0% > Ambient > Ambient Inhibitor—Phenol (25-100 ppm). Store under press in a cool place. No sparks 22.9 472 Self-polymerizes, catalyzed by oxygen... 

Vinylidene Chloride CH2=CC12. Monomer forms unstable peroxides by autooxidation therefore, no oxidg agents or w Air Vap Monomer In Air 7.0 to 16.0% > Ambient > Ambient Inhibitor—Methyl Ether of Hy droquino ne (100 ppm) Transport store under. inert gas in a cool, dry place. No sparks -18.0 570 Self-polymerizing, easily copolymerizes with with Acrylates Styrene. Polymerization catalyzed by light or w... 

Other commercially relevant monomers have also been modeled in this study, including acrylates, styrene, and vinyl chloride.55 Symmetrical a,dienes substituted with the appropriate pendant functional group are polymerized via ADMET and utilized to model ethylene-styrene, ethylene-vinyl chloride, and ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymers. Since these models have perfect microstructure repeat units, they are a useful tool to study the effects of the functionality on the physical properties of these industrially important materials. The polymers produced have molecular weights in the range of 20,000-60,000, well within the range necessary to possess similar properties to commercial high-molecular-weight material. 

Using magnesium ether carboxylates as emulsifier a porous polyvinylchloride can be made [218] and a propoxylated ether carboxylate is described as emulsifier to make an ethyl acrylate-styrene copolymer [219]. A crosslinked latex with a three-dimensional network is achieved by polymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer with a reactive saturated monomer using ether carboxylate as emulsifier [220]. 

Since this pioneering work a number of IPNs have been prepared. Poly(styrene) has been used as the second network polymer in conjunction with several other polymers, including poly(ethyl acrylate), poly(n-butyl acrylate), styrene-butadiene, and castor oil. Polyurethanes have been used to form IPNs with poly(methyl methacrylate), other acrylic polymers, and with epoxy resins. 

Eisenberg A., Smith P., and Zhou L.L., lonomeric blends. I. Compatibilization of polystyrene-polyethyl acrylate styrene via ion interaction, Polym. Eng. Sci., 22, 1117, 1982. 

Usually organic peroxides acting as initiators for radical polymerisation (acrylics, styrenics, PVC, LDPE). 

Under these conditions activated olefins such as methyl acrylate, styrene and vinyl phenylsulfoxide were found to be effective in reacting with 12 (22). 

The theoretical interpretation of the results was made (334) in terms of the molecular orbital perturbation theory, in particular, of the FMO theory (CNDO-2 method), using the model of the concerted formation of both new bonds through the cyclic transition state. In this study, the authors provided an explanation for the regioselectivity of the process and obtained a series of comparative reactivities of dipolarophiles (methyl acrylate > styrene), which is in agreement with the experimental data. However, in spite of similar tendencies, the experimental series of comparative reactivities of nitronates (249) toward methyl acrylate (250a) and styrene (250b) are not consistent with the calculated series (see Chart 3.17). This is attributed to the fact that calculation methods are insufficiently correct and the... 

Statistical, gradient, and block copolymers as well as other polymer architectures (graft, star, comb, hyperbranched) can be synthesized by NMP following the approaches described for ATRP (Secs. 3-15b-4, 3-15b-5) [Hawker et al., 2001]. Block copolymers can be synthesized via NMP using the one-pot sequential or isolated macromonomer methods. The order of addition of monomer is often important, such as styrene first for styrene-isoprene, acrylate first for acrylate-styrene and acrylate-isoprene [Benoit et al., 2000a,b Tang et al., 2003]. Different methods are available to produce block copolymers in which the two blocks are formed by different polymerization mechanisms ... 

Penultimate effects have been observed for many comonomer pairs. Among these are the radical copolymerizations of styrene-fumaronitrile, styrene-diethyl fumarate, ethyl methacrylate-styrene, methyl methacrylate l-vinylpyridine, methyl acrylate-1,3-butadiene, methyl methacrylate-methyl acrylate, styrene-dimethyl itaconate, hexafluoroisobutylene-vinyl acetate, 2,4-dicyano-l-butene-isoprene, and other comonomer pairs [Barb, 1953 Brown and Fujimori, 1987 Buback et al., 2001 Burke et al., 1994a,b, 1995 Cowie et al., 1990 Davis et al., 1990 Fordyce and Ham, 1951 Fukuda et al., 2002 Guyot and Guillot, 1967 Hecht and Ojha, 1969 Hill et al., 1982, 1985 Ma et al., 2001 Motoc et al., 1978 Natansohn et al., 1978 Prementine and Tirrell, 1987 Rounsefell and Pittman, 1979 Van Der Meer et al., 1979 Wu et al., 1990 Yee et al., 2001 Zetterlund et al., 2002]. Although ionic copolymerizations have not been as extensively studied, penultimate effects have been found in some cases. Thus in the anionic polymerization of styrene t-vinylpyri-dine, 4-vinylpyridine adds faster to chains ending in 4-vinylpyridine if the penultimate unit is styrene [Lee et al., 1963]. 

The complex participation model has been tested in the radical copolymerizations of 1,1-diphenylethylene-methyl acrylate, styrene-P-cyanoacrolein, vinyl acetate-hexafluoroace-tone, A-vinylcarbazole diethyl fumarate, A-vinylcarbazole funiaronitrile, maleic anhydride-vinyl acetate, styrene-maleic anhydride [Burke et al., 1994a,b, 1995 Cais et al., 1979 Coote and Davis, 2002 Coote et al., 1998 Dodgson and Ebdon, 1977 Fujimori and Craven, 1986 Georgiev and Zubov, 1978 Litt, 1971 Lift and Seiner, 1971 Yoshimura et al., 1978]. 

Fig. 23. Polymerization of monomers in masticating polystyrene and polymethyl methacrylate. Curves 1-6 1 ml methacrylic acid, styrene, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, acrylonitrile, and vinyl acetate, respectively, in 3 g polystyrene. Curves 7-12 2 ml methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, ethyl acrylate, styrene, and vinyl acetate, respectively, in 3g polymethyl methacrylate. The limiting viscosity numbers for points along Curves 2 and 3...

Figure 12.1 Monomers used for Acrylate/Styrene/Acrylonitrile Polymers...

C.M. Benson and R.P. Burford, Morphology and properties of acrylate styrene acrylonitrile/polybutylene terephthalate blends,. Mater. Sci.,... 

A-. H+ P Acrylo- nitrile Methyl Meth- acrylate Styrene... 

This study was therefore undertaken to prepare and evaluate acrylonitrile—butadiene-styrene (ABS) and methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene (MBS) polymers under similar conditions to determine whether replacement of acrylonitrile by methyl methacrylate could improve color stability during ultraviolet light aging, without detracting seriously from the good mechanical and thermal-mechanical properties of conventional ABS plastics. For purposes of control, the study also included briefer evaluation of commercial ABS, MBS, and acrylonitrile-butyl acrylate-styrene plastics. 

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