Octyl benzyl phthalate

BOP Benzyl octyl phthalate ( = benzyl 2-ethyl- the copper/ammonia process (DIN) see... 

Patents have appeared (33,34) which show formulations containing PMMA emulsion polymer and PMMA suspension polymer combined with benzyl butyl phthalate and octyl benzyl phthalate. It is likely that polymers of this type will require highly polar plasticizers in order to have both adequate compatibiHty and adequate gelation. When replacing PVC appHcations the use of large quantities of phosphate plasticizers is sometimes required to give equivalent fire performance. 

Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate Butyl benzyl phthalate Di-n-butyl phthalate Di-n-octyl phthalate Diethyl phthalate Dimethyl phthalate... 

Other chemicals that are common in different RSL are phthalates. Phthalates are usually used as softening agents in plastics to obtain the required flexibility. The most common phthalates included on restriction lists for the leather industry are bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), di- isononyl phthalate (DINP), D- isodecyl phthalate (DIDP) and di-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP). All these chemicals are included on the SVHC list (Candidate List), and currently (2012) there is a proposal to restrict the placing of products containing DEHP, BBP and DBP on the market in the EU. 

Benzyl butyl phthalate Benzo [ 6] fluoranthene Benzo [A] fluoranthene Benzol a] pyrene Benzo lei pyrene Tri-o-cresyl phosphate Strychnine Benzo ghi pery lene Indenoll,2,3-crfl pyrene Dibenzo la, A1 anthracene Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Di-n-octyl phthalate Ammonia... 

BRN 1912585, see Hexachlorobenzene BRN 1912384, see 2,4-Dinitrotoluene BRN 1913355, seep,p -DDE BRN 1914064, see Di-fl-butyl phthalate BRN 1914072, see p,p -DDD BRN 1915474, see Chlordane BRN 1915994, see Di-fl-octyl phthalate BRN 2049930, see Naled BRN 2051258, see Pindone BRN 2052046, see 2,6-Dinitrotoluene BRN 2054389, see 4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol BRN 2055620, see 2,4,5-T BRN 2057367, see Methoxychlor BRN 2059093, see Parathion BRN 2062204, see Benzyl butyl phthalate BRN 2215168, see Diuron BRN 2542580, see EPN BRN 2807677, see 2-Acetylaminofluorene BRN 3195880, see a-BHC BRN 3196099, see Camphor BRN 3910347, see cis-Chlordane, frans-Chlordane Brocide, see 1,2-Dichloroethane Brodan, see Chlorpyrifos Bromchlophos, see Naled Bromex, see Naled Bromic ether, see Ethyl bromide Bromobenzol, see bromobenzene 4-Bromobiphenyl ether, see 4-Bromophenyl phenyl ether 4-Bromodiphenyl ether, see 4-Bromophenyl phenyl ether p-Bromodiphenyl ether, see 4-Bromophenyl phenyl ether Bromoethane, see Ethyl bromide Bromofluoroform, see Bromotrifluoromethane Bromofume, see Ethylene dibromide Brom-o-gaz, see Methyl bromide Bromomethane, see Methyl bromide Bromomethyl chloride, see Bromochloromethane... 

Phthalate, Butyl Benzyl Butyl Benzyl Phthalate Phthalate, Dibutyl Dibutyl Phthalate, n Phthalate, Diethylhexyl Diethylhexyl Phthalate Phthalate, Dimethyl Dimethyl Phthalate Phthalate, Dioctyl Di-n-octyl Phthalate Vinyl Acetate Ethers Fluoride Ion Glycols... 

Meanwhile, lower monohydric alcohols were first made by the oxo process. These included n-propanol, n- and isobutanol and amyl alcohol. In PVC, only one of these assumed any importance -n-butanol - mainly in butyl benzyl phthalate. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) was by this time considered too volatile for use in PVC in the U.S.(10). The so-called coesters - butyl octyl phthalate (BOP), butyl isodecyl phthalate and butyl cyclohexyl phthalate -have been on and off the market for many years but never achieved major success in the U.S. Dibutyl phthalate/DOP blends and BOP have probably been most successful in Japan. Diisobutyl phthalate is used in Brazil and other South American countries even today, because of its low cost. BOP is also offered in Europe, but as in the U.S., it has not been a major success. One reason could be the wide variability of composition from different suppliers. In fact, some BOP s were merely physical blends of DBP and DOP. 

Limited information was located regarding possible interactions of DEHP with other chemicals in humans. Urinary measurements of the monoester metabolites of seven common phthalates in 289 adults from the U.S. population, determined using the selective and sensitive analytical approach discussed in Section 3.8.1 (Biomarkers Used to Identify or Quantify Exposure to DEHP), showed detectable levels of monoethyl phthalate (95th percentile concentration, 3,750 ppb), monobutyl phthalate (294 ppb), monobenzyl phthalate (137 ppb), 2-ethylhexyl phthalate (21.5 ppb), cyclohexyl phthalate (8.6 ppb), isononyl phthalate (7.3 ppb), and octyl phthalate (2.3 ppb), reflecting exposure to DEHP, dibutyl phthalate, benzyl butyl phthalate, di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, dicyclohexyl phthalate, di-isononyl phthalate, and dioctyl phthalate, respectively (Blount et al. 2000a). Considering evidence such as this which indicates that co-exposure to multiple phthalates can occur, as well as the likelihood that many of these compounds exert effects via a common mechanism of action, there is a potential for interactions between DEHP and other phthalate esters. 

EPA 1981. An exposure and risk assessment for phthalate esters Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, di-n-butyl phthalate, dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, di-n-octyl phthalate, butyl benzyl phthalate. Washington, DC U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Officeof Water Regulations and Standards. EPA-440/4-81-020. PB85-211936. 

Phthalate esters listed as EPA priority pollutants may be analyzed in wastewaters by U.S. EPA (1984) Methods 606 (GC), 625 (GC/MS), and 1625 (isotope dilution). Soils, sediments, groundwater, and hazardons wastes may be analyzed by GC using FID or ECD (Method 8060) or by GC/MS (Method 8270 or 8250) (U.S. EPA 1986). The primary and secondary characteristic ions to identify these compounds by GC/MS (electron-impact ionization) are as follows dimethyl phthalate, 149, 177, and 150 din-butyl phthalate, 149, 150, and 104 butyl benzyl phthalate, 149, 167, and 279 and din-octyl phthalate, 149, 167, and 43. Other phthalate esters may be analyzed by GC or GC/MS techniques. A fused-silica capillary column is suitable for the purpose. 

Di(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DOP) and diisooctyl phthalate (DIOP) are largely used for PVC and copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate as they have an affinity to these polymers, produce good solvation, and maintain good flexibility of finished products at low temperature. The use of M-octyl-n-decyl phthalate in the production of plastics materials also allows good flexibility and ductility at low temperature. Diisodecyl phthalate (DDP), octyl decyl phthalate (ODP), and dicapryl phthalate (DCP) have a lower solvency and are therefore used in stable PVC pastes. Butyl octyl phthalate (BOP), butyl decyl phthalate (BDP, and butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) have a good solvency and are used to adjust melt viscosity and fusion time in the production of high-quality foams. They are highly valued for use in expandable plasticized PVC. 

Phthalandione. See Phthalic anhydride m-Phthalic acid. See Isophthalic acid p-Phthalic acid. SeeTerephthalic acid Phthalic acid anhydride. See Phthalic anhydride Phthalic acid, benzyl alkyl (C7-C8) ester. See C7-9 alkyl benzyl phthalate Phthalic acid, bis (2-ethylhexyl) ester. See s-Dioctyl phthalate Phthalic acid, butyl octyl ester. See Butyl octyl phthalate Phthalic acid, diallyl ester o-Phthalic acid, diallyl ester. See Diallyl phthalate... 

Figure 10.46. Effect of plasticizer type and content on thermostability of PVC plastificate containing PVC 100 g, plasticizer - 0.03 to 0.06 moles. DBB - benzyl butyl phthalate, DBP - dibutyl phthalate, DPOP -diphenyl octyl phosphate, TCP - Iricresyl phosphate. [Adapted, by permission, from t fpych Q Selected Properties of PVC Plastiscds, Wroclaw University Press, Wroclaw, 1977.]...

Figures 10.45 and 10.46 show that the effect of plasticizer concentration increase cannot be described by a simple relationship. Some plasticizers (e.g., dioctyl azelate, dioctyl adipate, and dioctyl phthalate) increase stability of PVC composition when their concentrations increase and other plasticizers (e.g., benzyl butyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, diphenyl octyl phosphate, and tricre-syl phosphate) decrease stability of plastificate when their concentration increases. Both groups display linear relationships with good correlation coefficients. Comparing two...

Finally, in December 1999, the European Union decided to ban the commercialization of flexible PVC toys for children less than 3 years of age containing DOP, DINP, di-n-octyl phthalate, DNOP, and benzyl butyl phthalate, BBP. ... 

D BP Di-n-butyl phthalate, MnBP Mono-n-hutyl phthalate, BBP Benzyl butyl phthalate, MBnP Monobenzyl phthalate, DEHP Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, MEHP Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, DnOP Di-n-octyl phthalate, MnOP Mono-n-octyl phthalate, DiNP Di-iso-nonyl phthalate, MiNP Mono-iso-nonyl phthalate, DiDP Di-iso-deeyl phthalate, MiDP Mono-iso-decyl phthalate expressed as the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl side ehain... 

Due to the widespread use of phthalates, it is important to consider human exposure and public health implications of such exposure. This review will focus on the following phthalates which were the subject of recent evaluations of risks to human reproduction by the U.S. National Toxicology Program, NTP, National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences, NIEHS butyl benzyl phthalate, BBP di-isodecyl phthalate, DIDP di-isononyl phthalate, DINP DBP di-n-hexyl phthalate, DnHP di-n-octyl phthalate, DnOP a DEHP. 

A recent publication gives data on the contents of plasticizers in cosmetics such as deodorants, perfumes, hair mousses, hair gels, and hair sprays manufactured by leading European producers. The following phthalates were found in European cosmetics butyl benzyl, di-n-butyl, di-(2-ethylhexyl), diethyl, dimethyl, and di-n-octyl phthalate. Diethyl phthalate is the most frequently used. The following ranges of concentrations of diethyl phthalate were determined in various groups of products deodorants 40 to 1,600 mg g... 

Desmocoll 176 is compatible with such plasticizers as benzyl butyl phthalate, diphenyl cresyl phosphate and trichlorethyl phosphate. It has slight or no compatibility with dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, dibutyl adipate, benzyl octyl adipate, phenyl and cresyl alkyl sulphonates. 

Butyl octyl phthalate (BOP), butyl decyl phthalate (BDP), and butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) are mixed together to obtain special creep properties or to modify the processibility of PVC blends. These plasticizers have a good solvency and they are used to adjust melt viscosity and fusion time in the production of high-quality foams. 

Dioctyl phthalate, (also known as di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP)) was the highest volume member of a class of synthetic plasticizers called the phthalates. Other members of this class of phthalate plasticizers Include butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), di-isononyl phthalate (DINP), di-isodecyl phthalate (DIDP), and di-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP). Global production of phthalates as a group was about 12 billion pounds in 2008. However, most of the phthalates are used by the plastics industry (specifically In polyvinyl chloride compounds). Probably less than 5% is actually used by the rubber industry. 

Successful results have been obtained (Renfrew and Chaney, 1946) with ethyl formate methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, sec.-butyl and iso-amyl acetat ethyleneglycol diacetate ethyl monochloro- and trichloro-acetates methyl, n-propyl, n-octyl and n-dodecyl propionates ethyl butyrate n-butyl and n-amyl valerates ethyl laurate ethyl lactate ethyl acetoacetate diethyl carbonate dimethyl and diethyl oxalates diethyl malonate diethyl adipate di-n-butyl tartrate ethyl phenylacetate methyl and ethyl benzoates methyl and ethyl salicylates diethyl and di-n-butyl phthalates. The method fails for vinyl acetate, ieri.-butyl acetate, n-octadecyl propionate, ethyl and >i-butyl stearate, phenyl, benzyl- and guaicol-acetate, methyl and ethyl cinnamate, diethyl sulphate and ethyl p-aminobenzoate. 

Liq = liquid membrane with ion-exchange solution into the porous diaphgragm PVC = plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) Epoxy = conductive epoxy resin membrane. BA = benzyl alcohol BEHP = bis(2-Ethylhexyl)phthalate DA = 1-decanol DBP = dibutyl phthalate DBS = dibutyl sebacate DNP = dinonyl phthalate DOP = dioctyl phthalate NB = nitrobenzene NPOE = 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether NT = 2-nitrotoluene or 4-nitrotoluene OA = 1-octanol. 

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