Acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate polymers

Table 12.1 Monomers for Acrylonitrile/Styrene/Acrylate Polymers...

U.S. Pat No. 6,827,995 [53] discloses a single coextrusion process of making a WPG as a hollow profile comprising a weatherable outer layer made of a first polymeric material, a core layer made of a thermoplastic polymeric foamed composition including a wood component, and an inner layer made of a third thermoplastic material. The first and second polymeric materials are PVC or acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic polymer or a combination thereof. The third polymeric material is PVC. 

The earliest preparation on an acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate (ASA) polymer is believed to have taken place in 1964 (1,2). ASA was first introduced to the market by BASF in around 1970 as Luran S, based on patents from the 1960s (3-6). 

S. Tolue, M.R. Moghbeli, and S.M. Ghafelebashi, Preparation of ASA (acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate) structural latexes via seeded emulsion polymerization, Enr. Polym. ]., 45(3) 714-720, March 2009. 

Acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate (ASA) polymers share obvious similarities with ABS but ASA was only developed in the 1960s. ASA polymers are essentially SAN polymers impact modified with an acrylate rubber. The earliest attempt to make ASA was by Herbig and Salyer of Monsanto [23] using butyl acrylate as the rubber phase. This work was then refined by Otto [24] and Siebel [25], both of BASF, who copolymerized butyl acrylate with butadiene to prepare the rubber phase. 

Polyesters also are used in various polymer blends such as polycarbonate/poly(butylene terephthalate), poly(butylene terephthalate/acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic) blends, poly(vinyl chloride)/poly(ethylene terephthalate), etc. Pyrolysis results on poly(vinyl chloride)/ poly(ethylene terephthalate) have been reported [64] showing that the two components influence each other, chloroesters of terephthaiic and benzoic acids being found in the pyrolysate. 

Interesting polymers for vesicular photography are homopolymers and/or co-polymers of vinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride, acrylonitrile, styrene, acrylates or methacrylates, epoxies and polyvinylformal or -butyral. The base polymer is generally polyethylene terephthalate. 

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is susceptible to deterioration by UV at wavelengths below 315 nm, causing embrittlement, crazing and yellowing of thin films and sheeting [40], Both PET and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) bulk polymers, however, are used in stabilized form for exterior mouldings, sometimes in admixture with other polymers such as acrylonitrile styrene acrylate. 

Considerable quantities of styrene are used in producing copolymerisates and blends, as, for example, in the production of copolymers with acrylonitrile (SAN), terpolymers from styrene/acrylonitrile/butadiene (ABS polymers) or acrylonitrile/styrene/acrylic ester (ASA), etc. The glass transition temperature of poly (styrene), 100 C, can be increased by copolymerization with a-methyl styrene. What are known as high impact poly (styrenes) are incompatible blends with poly(butadiene) or EPDM, which are consequently not transparent, but translucent. For this reason, pure poly (styrenes) are occasionally called crystal poly (styrenes). 

Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate Cyclic Olefin Copolymer Polyethylene Chlorotrifluoroethylene Polyethylene Tetrafluoroethylene Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene High Density Polyethylene High Performance Polyamide Liquid Crystalline Polymer Low Density Polyethylene Linear Low Density Polyethylene Medium Density Polyethylene Polyamide (Nylon)... 

Centrex, Acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic blends, Bayer Corp., Polymers Div. 

Figure 13 Attenuation plots for a variety of polymer systems as a function of temperature (a) poly(phenylene sulfide) (b) poly(ether sulfone) (c) polyester DMC (d) copoly(acrylonitrile/styrene/acrylate) (e) poly(acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene) (f) polystyrene (toughened) (g) polyester resin (h) melamine formaldehyde (i) polyimide (j) ekonol (k) nylon 6 (1) poly-(phenylene oxide) (m) polypropylene (n) phenol formaldehyde (o) poly(vinyl chloride) (rigid) (p) poly(vinyl chloride)...

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