Poly 2- ethyl acrylate

Mechanical and Thermal Properties. The first member of the acrylate series, poly(methyl acrylate), has fltde or no tack at room temperature it is a tough, mbbery, and moderately hard polymer. Poly(ethyl acrylate) is more mbberflke, considerably softer, and more extensible. Poly(butyl acrylate) is softer stiU, and much tackier. This information is quantitatively summarized in Table 2 (41). In the alkyl acrylate series, the softness increases through n-octy acrylate. As the chain length is increased beyond n-octy side-chain crystallization occurs and the materials become brittle (42) poly( -hexadecyl acrylate) is hard and waxlike at room temperature but is soft and tacky above its softening point. 

Table 10. Chain-Transfer Constants to Common Solvents for Poly(ethyl acrylate) ...

Sulfonation has been used to change some characteristics of blends. Poly(2,6-diphenyl-l,4-phenylene oxide) and polystyrene are immiscible. However, when the polymers were functionalized by sulfonation, even though they remained immiscible when blended, the functionalization increased interfacial interactions and resulted in improved properties (65). In the case of DMPPO and poly(ethyl acrylate) the originally immiscible blends showed increased miscibility with sulfonation (66). 

The earliest study describing vulcanised polymers of esters of acryUc acid was carried out in Germany by Rohm (2) before World War I. The first commercial acryUc elastomers were produced in the United States in the 1940s (3—5). They were homopolymers and copolymers of ethyl acrylate and other alkyl acrylates, with a preference for poly(ethyl acrylate) [9003-32-17, due to its superior balance of properties. The main drawback of these products was the vulcanisation. The fully saturated chemical stmcture of the polymeric backbone in fact is inactive toward the classical accelerators and curing systems. As a consequence they requited the use of aggressive and not versatile compounds such as strong bases, eg, sodium metasiUcate pentahydrate. To overcome this limitation, monomers containing a reactive moiety were incorporated in the polymer backbone by copolymerisation with the usual alkyl acrylates. 

Since this pioneering work a number of IPNs have been prepared. Poly(styrene) has been used as the second network polymer in conjunction with several other polymers, including poly(ethyl acrylate), poly(n-butyl acrylate), styrene-butadiene, and castor oil. Polyurethanes have been used to form IPNs with poly(methyl methacrylate), other acrylic polymers, and with epoxy resins. 

Smith P. and Eisenberg A., lonomeric blends. I. Compatibilization of the polystyrene-poly(ethyl acrylate) system via ionic interactions, J. Polym. Sci., Polym Lett., 21, 223, 1983. 

Equation (23) was found to be obeyed by a number of systems such as poly(ethyl acrylate)-benzene, rubber-benzene, and poly(methyl acrylate)-ethyl acetate [12], According to the equation, a plot of [In(DT/D0)] l versus ([)[ will yield a straight line, and from its slope the free volume parameter p can be determined. To construct this plot,/( / , 0) is first calculated as [27]... 

Experimental determinations of the contributions above those predicted by the reference phantom network model have been controversial. Experiments of Rennar and Oppermann [45] on end-linked PDMS networks, indicate that contributions from trapped entanglements are significant for low degrees of endlinking but are not important when the network chains are shorter. Experimental results of Erman et al. [46] on randomly cross-linked poly(ethyl acrylate)... 

Several attempts have been made to superimpose creep and stress-relaxation data obtained at different temperatures on styrcne-butadiene-styrene block polymers. Shen and Kaelble (258) found that Williams-Landel-Ferry (WLF) (27) shift factors held around each of the glass transition temperatures of the polystyrene and the poly butadiene, but at intermediate temperatures a different type of shift factor had to be used to make a master curve. However, on very similar block polymers, Lim et ai. (25 )) found that a WLF shift factor held only below 15°C in the region between the glass transitions, and at higher temperatures an Arrhenius type of shift factor held. The reason for this difference in the shift factors is not known. Master curves have been made from creep and stress-relaxation data on partially miscible graft polymers of poly(ethyl acrylate) and poly(mcthyl methacrylate) (260). WLF shift factors held approximately, but the master curves covered 20 to 25 decades of time rather than the 10 to 15 decades for normal one-phase polymers. 

Swelling sustained-release coating polymers such as Eudragit NE 30 D, i.e. poly(ethyl-acrylate-methylmethacrylate) [101,102] or Eudragit RS [90], lead to a delay in drug release which is dependent on the thickness of the coating since these films have slow rates of swelling. 

Figure 1. Morphology of sequential IPNs. (a) Crois-poly (ethyl acrylate)-m/er-crojs-polystyrene, showing typical cellular structure and a fine structure within the cell walls, (b) Cross-poly (ethyl acrylate)-/ /cr-cross-polystyrene-s/a/-(methyl methacrylate), showing smaller domain structure. PEA structure stained with OsO. (Reproduced from ref. 5. Copyright 1972 American Chemical Society.)...

Since the 1950s, synthetic polymers have been used as art binders. The most common groups are referred to as the vinyls and acrylics by artists. Both groupings represent a wide variety of polymers and copolymers and are inaccurately, or at best not accurately, named. For polymer scientists, the term vinyl generally refers to PVC, but to artists it may refer to many other materials. Even so, most of the synthetic paint market today is based on acrylics. Acrylic paints are typically water emulsions of synthetic polymers. In art, the term acrylic is used to describe a wide variety of polymers and copolymers that can be considered as derivatives of acrylic acids. Most acrylics used in art binders are PMMA (Equation 6.61), PVAc (Equation 6.64), poly( -butyl methacrylate) (Equation 6.65), and copolymers such as poly(ethyl acrylate-comethacrylate). 

Morphological structures and properties of a series of poly(ethyl acrylate)/clay nanocomposites prepared by the two distinctively different techniques of in situ ATRP and solution blending were studied by Datta et al. [79]. Tailor-made PNCs with predictable molecular weights and narrow polydispersity indices were prepared at different clay loadings. WAXD and studies revealed that the in situ approach is the better option because it provided an exfoliated morphology. By contrast, conventional solution blending led only to interlayer expansion of the clay gallery. 

Tlie use of polymer blends has been a very important approach in the development of new materials for evolving applications, as it is less costly than developing new polymers. The compatibility of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) with various polymers has been comprehensively evaluated and has led to useful applications in coatings and films. Poly(methyl methacrylate) has been the most studied compatible polymer with PVDF owing to cost and performance advantages. Other acrylic polymers such as poly(ethyl methacrylate), poly(methyl acrylate), and poly(ethyl acrylate) have also been found to be compatible with PVDF. ... 

HMX HMX HMX HMX HMX HMX HMX HMX HMX HMX HMX HMX HNS NTO NTO/HMX NTO/HMX NTO/HMX PETN PETN PETN PETN PETN PETN PETN PETN PETN PETN RDX RDX RDX RDX RDX RDX RDX RDX RDX RDX RDX RDX RDX TATB/HMX Cariflex (thermoplastic elastomer) Hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene (polyurethane) Hydroxy-terminated polyester Kraton (block copolymer of styrene and ethylene-butylene) Nylon (polyamide) Polyester resin-styrene Polyethylene Polyurethane Poly(vinyl) alcohol Poly(vinyl) butyral resin Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) Viton (fluoroelastomer) Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) Cariflex (block copolymer of butadiene-styrene) Cariflex (block copolymer of butadiene-styrene) Estane (polyester polyurethane copolymer) Hytemp (thermoplastic elastomer) Butyl rubber with acetyl tributylcitrate Epoxy resin-diethylenetriamine Kraton (block copolymer of styrene and ethylene-butylene) Latex with bis-(2-ethylhexyl adipate) Nylon (polyamide) Polyester and styrene copolymer Poly(ethyl acrylate) with dibutyl phthalate Silicone rubber Viton (fluoroelastomer) Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) Epoxy ether Exon (polychlorotrifluoroethylene/vinylidine chloride) Hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene (polyurethane) Kel-F (polychlorotrifluoroethylene) Nylon (polyamide) Nylon and aluminium Nitro-fluoroalkyl epoxides Polyacrylate and paraffin Polyamide resin Polyisobutylene/Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) Polyester Polystyrene Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) Kraton (block copolymer of styrene and ethylene-butylene)... 

Sperling, L. H., and A. V. Tobolsky Thermoelastic properties of poly (dimethyl siloxane) and poly (ethyl acrylate) as a function of temperature. J. MakromoL Sci. 1, 799 (1966). 

Suzuki et al. reported cloud-point temperatures as a function of pressure and composition in mixtures of poly(ethyl acrylate) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) [9], Their data in terms of p(T) curves at constant composition show that miscibility in the same system may either improve or decline with rising pressure, depending on the blend s composition. Important consequences for blend-processing ensue. A planned two-phase extrusion may easily be jeopardized by the pressure building up in the extruder. Conversely, a homogeneous melt may be turned into a two-phase system when the pressure on the blend increases. 

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