Styrene-methyl acrylate alternating copolymer

Peak Notation Assignment of Main Peaks Molecular Weight Retention Index Relative Intensity 

MSM dimethyl 2-methylene-4-phenylheptanedloate SMS methyl 2-phenethyl-4-phenylpent-4-enoate 

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Block Copolymers. Several methods such as ultrasonics (100), radiation (101), and chemical techniques (102,103), including the use of polymer ions, polymer radicals, and organometallic initiators, are available to prepare Block Copolymers of acrylonitrile. Acrylonitrile can be used as either the first-or the second-phase monomer. Depending on the mechanism of termination, a diblock of the AB type and a triblock of the ABA type can be formed by disproportionation or transfer for the former, and recombination for the latter. Some of the comonomers are styrene, methyl acrylate, vinyl chloride, methyl methacrylate, vinyl acetate, acrylic acid, and re-butyl isocyanate. An overview and survey of alternating and block copolymers can be found in Reference 104. 

By combining portions of the conformational descriptions derived for styrene, methyl acrylate, and methyl methacrylate homopolymers [63-66], Koinuma etal. [67] developed an RIS model for the 1 1 alternating S-MM copolymer. When this RIS model is utilized to calculate the conformation probabilities for the bond pair flanking the styrene methine carbon in the co-hetero S-MM triad illustrated above, it is possible to calculate [62] the average intermethylene... 

Using the r and tz values from Table 6-2, construct plots showing the initial copolymer composition as a function of the comonomer feed composition for the radical copolymerizations of methyl acrylate-methyl methacrylate and styrene-maleic anhydride. Are these examples of ideal or alternating copolymerization ... 

In later communications (27, 28) Hirooka reported that in addition to acrylonitrile, other conjugated monomers such as methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate formed active complexes with organoaluminum halides, and the latter yielded high molecular weight 1 1 alternating copolymers with styrene and ethylene. However, an unconjugated monomer such as vinyl acetate failed to copolymerize with olefins by this technique. 

Alkylaluminium chlorides form complexes with methyl acrylate which can react with styrene yielding alternating copolymers [164], The donor-acceptor complex of acrylonitrile (donor) and potassium persulphate (acceptor) makes possible the homopolymerization of acrylonitrile in polar media (in water, dimethylformamide, dimethylsuphoxide, dioxan) at low temperatures [165]. The initiating radicals are formed according to the scheme... 

Alternating copolymers of acrylates and styrenes have, in effect, two rotational states per main chain bond. The splittings in the fine structure of the methoxy protons of methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate repeat units is shown to arise from the anisotropic aromatic shielding, as modified by conformational probabilities. When C shifts are treated, the y effect between carbon atoms 3 bonds apart is usually deemed the only factor sensitive to conformation, though other possible terms have been considered. ... 

This study has been extended to copolymers of a-fluorostyrene with methyl acrylate because of our interest in the cotacticity of statistical and alternating copolymers of styrene and substituted styrenes with acrylates and methacrylates. The present paper covers the 300 MHz 20 MHz C- and 282 MHz F-NMR studies of... 

Side-chain polymers are usually prepared in the form of copolymers with NLO-active moieties attached on the backbone via flexible spacers such as methylene units. Examples are copolymers of methyl methacrylate and chromophore-substituted methacrylate monomers [53,61-63], poly(styrene-fy -acrylic acid ester) [54], and alternating styrene-maleic-anhydride copolymer [64], and there are many others. 

Ihe procedure has been applied to the copolymer series 1-vinyl-naphthalene-methyl methacrylate [17], 1-vinylnaphthalene-methyl acrylate [71], acenaphthylene-methyl methacrylate [26] and styrene-methyl methacrylate [72]. The consistency of the data derived from alternative extrapolations are good as exemplified for the 1-vinylnaphthalene-methyl methacrylate copolymer series in Table (III)... 

Bauer et al. describe the use of a noncontact probe coupled by fiber optics to an FT-Raman system to measure the percentage of dry extractibles and styrene monomer in a styrene/butadiene latex emulsion polymerization reaction using PLS models [201]. Elizalde et al. have examined the use of Raman spectroscopy to monitor the emulsion polymerization of n-butyl acrylate with methyl methacrylate under starved, or low monomer [202], and with high soUds-content [203] conditions. In both cases, models could be built to predict multiple properties, including solids content, residual monomer, and cumulative copolymer composition. Another study compared reaction calorimetry and Raman spectroscopy for monitoring n-butyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate and for vinyl acetate/butyl acrylate, under conditions of normal and instantaneous conversion [204], Both techniques performed well for normal conversion conditions and for overall conversion estimate, but Raman spectroscopy was better at estimating free monomer concentration and instantaneous conversion rate. However, the authors also point out that in certain situations, alternative techniques such as calorimetry can be cheaper, faster, and often easier to maintain accurate models for than Raman spectroscopy, hi a subsequent article, Elizalde et al. found that updating calibration models after... 

ATRP was recently reported as a new and powerful route to the synthesis of well-defined (co)polymers of such monomers as styrene, acrylates, methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, and isobutene. ATRP is a versatile tool for preparation of random, block, alternating, and gradient copolymers with controlled molecular weight, narrow polydispersities, and desired architectures. 

The copolymers obtained by radical copolymerization of maleic anhydride (MA) with acrylic or vinyl comonomers, and the maleic add copolymers, generally obtained by the hydrolysis of the maleic anhydride copolymers (Figure 10.1), can be called maleic copolymers. They were intensively studied from a theoretical perspective, but also for their applications [1-3]. Copolymers ofMA with electron-donating comonomers, such as styrene, vinyl acetate, N-vinyl pyrrolidone, and methyl vinyl ether, have an alternant structure [ 1 ], but when MA is copolymerized with electron-acceptor comonomers like methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, statistic copolymers are obtained [1,2]. MA units from the copolymers are very reactive active agents with amine or hydroxyl groups... 

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