Acrylonitrile-ethylene-styrene

Other blends of polycarbonate have limited markets so far. The most significant blends are with polyurethanes, polyetherimides, acrylate—styrene-acrylonitrile (ASA), acrylonitrile—ethylene—styrene (AES), and styrene—maleic anhydride (SMA). 

AES acrylonitrile-ethylene-styrene AMS alpha methyl styrene... 

MGE copolymers are also efficient reactive precursors to compatibihze PBT/AES blends. Since AES (acrylonitrile-ethylene-styrene copolymer) is itself a two-phase blend, consisting of EPDM grafted to SAN, it is likely that MGE can promote coalescence suppression in PBT/AES through a mechanism similar to that found in PBT/ABS/MGE blends. In fact. Figure 7.8 shows that the incorporation of MGE leads... 

ASA resins are available for blow molding, extrusion, and injection molding. ASA resins are also blended with polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, and acrylonitrile ethylene styrene for specific property enhancements. The main suppliers are BASF (Luran and Centrex), BP Chemicals (Barex), Bayer (Centrex), LG Chemical (LI and LE polymers), and GE (Geloy). 

AES Acrylonitrile-ethylene-styrene plastics or acrylonitrile-ethylene-propylene-styrene plastics... 

Water-based paints make use of an emulsion of a polymer composed of vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, acrylics, acrylonitrile, ethylene, styrene, butadiene, and isoprene. The paint consists of an emulsion of polymer known as latex because their appearance is similar to rubber latex or sap from the rubber tree. The oil-in-water emulsion has plasticizers to smooth out the drying surface and to lower the glass transition temperature of the polymer to below room temperature. As drying occurs and water is lost, the polymer particles coalesce, forming a continuous impermeable film. 

Uses. The a2obisnitriles have been used for bulk, solution, emulsion, and suspension polymeri2ation of all of the common vinyl monomers, including ethylene, styrene vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, and methyl methacrylate. The polymeri2ations of unsaturated polyesters and copolymeri2ations of vinyl compounds also have been initiated by these compounds. 

Acrylonitrile—Butadiene—Styrene. ABS is an important commercial polymer, with numerous apphcations. In the late 1950s, ABS was produced by emulsion grafting of styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers onto polybutadiene latex particles. This method continues to be the basis for a considerable volume of ABS manufacture. More recently, ABS has also been produced by continuous mass and mass-suspension processes (237). The various products may be mechanically blended for optimizing properties and cost. Brittle SAN, toughened by SAN-grafted ethylene—propylene and acrylate mbbets, is used in outdoor apphcations. Flame retardancy of ABS is improved by chlorinated PE and other flame-retarding additives (237). 

Fig. 10. Preparation and morphology of toughened PVC (a) secondary PVC grain (50—250 flm) (b) modified PVC with coherent primary grain (ca 1 -lm) (220). CPE = chlorinated polyethylene EVA = ethylene—vinyl acetate copolymers ABS = acrylonitrile—butadiene—styrene MBS = methyl...

The homopolymers, which are formed from alkyl cyanoacrylate monomers, are inherently brittle. For applications which require a toughened adhesive, rubbers or elastomers can be added to improve toughness, without a substantial loss of adhesion. The rubbers and elastomers which have been used for toughening, include ethylene/acrylate copolymers, acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene (ABS) copolymers, and methacrylate/butadiene/styrene (MBS) copolymers. In general, the toughening agents are incorporated into the adhesive at 5-20 wt.% of the monomer. 

Ethylene-vinyl accetate Acrylonitrile-butadiene styrene Silicones... 

II. B polyethylene glycol, ethylene oxide, polystyrene, diisocyanates (urethanes), polyvinylchloride, chloroprene, THF, diglycolide, dilac-tide, <5-valerolactone, substituted e-caprolactones, 4-vinyl anisole, styrene, methyl methacrylate, and vinyl acetate. In addition to these species, many copolymers have been prepared from oligomers of PCL. In particular, a variety of polyester-urethanes have been synthesized from hydroxy-terminated PCL, some of which have achieved commercial status (9). Graft copolymers with acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, and styrene have been prepared using PCL as the backbone polymer (60). 

We have considerable latitude when it comes to choosing the chemical composition of rubber toughened polystyrene. Suitable unsaturated rubbers include styrene-butadiene copolymers, cis 1,4 polybutadiene, and ethylene-propylene-diene copolymers. Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene is a more complex type of block copolymer. It is made by swelling polybutadiene with styrene and acrylonitrile, then initiating copolymerization. This typically takes place in an emulsion polymerization process. 

ISO 6402-1 2002 Plastics - Acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate (ASA), acrylonitrile-(ethylene-propylene-diene)-styrene (AEPDS) and acrylonitrile-(chlorinated polyethylene)-styrene (ACS) moulding and extrusion materials - Part 1 Designation system and basis for... 

AES (or AEPDS) is an acrylonitrile-(ethylene-propylene-diene)-styrene... 

Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymers Ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymers Styrene-butadiene rubber copolymers (SBR)... 

Polycarbonate is blended with a number of polymers including PET, PBT, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer (ABS) rubber, and styrene-maleic anhydride (SMA) copolymer. The blends have lower costs compared to polycarbonate and, in addition, show some property improvement. PET and PBT impart better chemical resistance and processability, ABS imparts improved processability, and SMA imparts better retention of properties on aging at high temperature. Poly(phenylene oxide) blended with high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) (polybutadiene-gra/f-polystyrene) has improved toughness and processability. The impact strength of polyamides is improved by blending with an ethylene copolymer or ABS rubber. 

Abbreviations for plastics ABS, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene CPVC, chlorinated poly vinyl chloride ECTFE, ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene ETFE, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene PB, polybutylene PE, polyethylene PEEK, poly ether ether ketone PFA, perfluoroalkoxy copolymer POP, poly phenylene oxide PP, polypropylene PVC, polyvinyl chloride PVDC, poly vinylidene chloride PVDF, poly vinylidene fluoride. 

Poly (methyl methacrylate) was also subjected to mechanical reaction in a vibrating mill in common solvent for several monomers (ethylene, acrylic acid and its esters, acrylonitrile and styrene) at temperatures from —196 to 20° C (22). The formation of macroradicals and their reactions were followed by EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance). The macroradicals reacted with vinyl monomers at temperatures less than —100° C, while quinones underwent reaction as low as —196° C. The same experiments were performed also with polystyrene and polybutylenedimethacrylate. The radicals from polystyrene were more reactive than those from poly(methyl methacrylate). 

Poly(methyl methacrylate) Vinyl chloride Acrylonitrile Ethylene Acrylic add Methylacrylate Acrylonitrile Styrene Butylene dimethacrylate Acrylic add... 

On the other hand, high impact poly(styrene) (HIPS), ABS, acrylonitrile-ethylene-propylene-based rubber/styrene copolymer resin (AES), acrylonitrile/acryl-based rubber/styrene copolymer resin (AAS) show excellent impact strengths, but these resins are inferior in chemical resistance and abrasion resistance. 

Besides MMBS, also related copolymers, such as methyl meth-acrylate/acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene and acrylonitrile/ethylene/ propylene/diene/styrene are impact modifiers for PC compositions (16). 

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