Diabetic rats, streptozotocin-induced

CHOI J H, CHA B K and RHEE s J (1998) Effects of green tea catechin on hepatic microsomal phospholipase A2 activities and changes of hepatic phospholipid species in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats , JNutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo), 44 (5), 673-83. 

Some flavonoids, such as procyanidins, have antidiabetic properties because they improve altered glucose and oxidative metabolisms of diabetic states (Pinent and others 2004). Extract of grape seed procyanidins (PE) administered orally to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats resulted in an antihyperglycemic effect, which was significantly increased if PE administration was accompanied by a low insulin dose (Pinent and others 2004). The antihyperglycemic effect of PE may be partially due to the insuli-nomimetic activity of procyanidins on insulin-sensitive cell lines. 

Pinent M, Blay M, Blade MC, Salvado MJ, Arola L and Ardevol A. 2004. Grape seed-derived procyanidins have an antihyperglycemic effect in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and insuhnomimetic activity in insulin-sensitive cell lines Endocrinology 145(11) 4985 1990. 

As in the case of other cardiovascular diseases, the possibility of antioxidant treatment of diabetes mellitus has been studied in both animal models and diabetic patients. The treatment of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with a-lipoic acid reduced superoxide production by aorta and superoxide and peroxynitrite formation by arterioles providing circulation to the region of the sciatic nerve, suppressed lipid peroxidation in serum, and improved lens glutathione level [131]. In contrast, hydroxyethyl starch desferrioxamine had no effect on the markers of oxidative stress in diabetic rats. Lipoic acid also suppressed hyperglycemia and mitochondrial superoxide generation in hearts of glucose-treated rats [132],... 

Sanders et al. [133] found that although quercetin treatment of streptozotocin diabetic rats diminished oxidized glutathione in brain and hepatic glutathione peroxidase activity, this flavonoid enhanced hepatic lipid peroxidation, decreased hepatic glutathione level, and increased renal and cardiac glutathione peroxidase activity. In authors opinion the partial prooxidant effect of quercetin questions the efficacy of quercetin therapy in diabetic patients. (Antioxidant and prooxidant activities of flavonoids are discussed in Chapter 29.) Administration of endothelin antagonist J-104132 to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats inhibited the enhanced endothelin-1-stimulated superoxide production [134]. Interleukin-10 preserved endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice probably by reducing superoxide production by xanthine oxidase [135]. 

Aniya Y, Ojiri Y, Sunagawa R, et al. 1989. Glutathione s-transferases and chloroform toxicity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Jpn J Pharmacol 50 263-269. 

Cho WeS, Chung WS, Lee SKW, et al (2006) Ginsenoside Re of Panax ginseng possesses significant antioxidant and antihyperhpidemic efficacies in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol 550 173-179... 

Bobkiewicz-Kozlowska T, Dworacka M, Kuczynski S, Abramczyk M, Kolanos R, Wysocka W, Garcia Lopez PM, Winiarska H. (2007) Hypoglycaemic effect of quinolizidine alkaloidslupanine and 2-thionosparteine on non-diabetic and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol 565 240-244. 

Eliza J, Daisy P, Ignacimuthu S, Duraipandiyan V. (2009) Normoglycemic, Hypolipidemic effect of cosmnoUde isolated from Costus speciosus (Koen ex. Retz.) Sm. in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Chem Biol Interat 179 329-334. 

Yokozawa T, Yamabe N, Kim HY, Kang KS, Hur JM, Park CH, Tanaka T. (2008) Protective effects of morroniside isolated from Corni fructus against renal damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Biol Pharm Bull 31 1422-1428. 

Lai DM, Tu YK, Liu IM, Chen PL, Cheng JT. (2006) Mediation of N-endorphin by ginsenoside Rh2 to lower plasma glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Planta Med 72 9-13. 

Kamalakkannan N, Stanely Mainzen Prince P. (2006) Rutin improves the antioxidant status in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat tissues. Mol Cell Biochem 293 211-219. 

Lee YS, Lee S, Lee HS, Kim B-K, Ohuchi K, Shin KH. (2005) Inhibitory effects of isorhamnetin-3-O-P-D-glucoside from Salicornia herbacea on rat lens aldose reductase and sorbitol accumulation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat tissues. Biol Pharm Bull 28 916-918. 

Schmatz R, Mazzanti CM, Spanevello R, StefaneUo N, Gutierres J, Correa M, da Rosa MM, Rubin MA, Chitolina Schetinger MR, Morsch VM. (2009) Resveratrol prevents memory deficits and the increase in acetylcholinesterase activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Eur J... 

Heo SI, Jin YS, Jung MJ, Wang MH. (2007) Anti-diabetic properties of 2,5-dihydroxy-4,3 -di-(P-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-tra i-stilbene from mulberry Moms bombycis Koidzumi) root in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Med Food 10 602-607. 

Ramesh B, Viswanathan P, Pugalendi KV. (2007) Protective effect of Umbelliferone on membranous fatty acid composition in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol 566 231-239. 

Banskota AH, Nguyen NT, Tezuka Y, Nobukawa T, Kadota S. (2006) Hypoglycemic effects of the wood of Taxus yunnanensis on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and its active components. Phytomedicine 13 109-114. 

Su HC, Hung LM, Chen JK. 2006. Resveratrol, a red wine antioxidant, possesses an insulin-like effect in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 290 E1339-E1346. 

Bidasee, K. R., Dincer, U. D., Besch, H. R., Jr. (2001). Ryanodine Receptor Dysfunction in Hearts of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Mol Pharmacol 60(6) 1356-64. 

Teshima, Y., Takahashi, N., Saikawa, T., Hara, M., Yasunaga, S., Hidaka, S., and Sakata, T. (2000). Diminished Expression of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+-ATPase and Ryanodine Sensitive Ca2+ Channel mRNA in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat Heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol 32(4) 655-64. 

Yu, Z., and McNeill, J. H. (1991). Force-Interval Relationship and its Response to Ryanodine in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 69(9) 1268-76. 

Lawson SR, Gabra BH, Nantel F, Battistini B, Sirois P. Effects of a selective bradykinin B1 receptor antagonist on increased plasma extravasation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats distinct vasculopathic profile of major key organs. European Journal of Pharmacology 2005, 514, 69-78. 

Recent studies have investigated the effects of adenoviral-mediated delivery of the adrenomedullin gene (a potent vasodilator) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (Dobrzynski et al., 2002). A single tail-vein injection of the vector resulted in detectable levels of adrenomedullin in the plasma and urine of diabetic rats and was associated with a significant reduction in glycogen accumulation and tubular damage (Dobrzynski et al., 2002). 

Dobrzynski, E., Montanari, D., Agata, J., Zhu, J., Chao, J. and Chao, L. (2002). Adrenomedullin improves cardiac function and prevents renal damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 283, E1291-E1298. 

Raza, H. P., S.K. Prabu, M.A. Robin, and N.G. Avadhani. 2004. Elevated mitochondrial cytochrome P450 2E1 and glutathione S-transferase A4-4 in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes 53 185-194. 

Edel, A.L., M. Kopilas, T.A. Clark, F. Aguilar, P.K. Ganguly, C.E. Heyliger, and G.N. Pierce. 2006. Short-term bioaccumulation of vanadium when ingested with a tea decoction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Metabol. 55 263-70. 

Wasan, K.M., V. Risovic, V.G. Yuen, A. Hicke, and J.H. McNeill. 2004. Effects of three and eight weeks oral administration of bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV) on plasma homocysteine and cysteine levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Exp. Clin. Cardiol. 9 125-129. 

Sakurai, H., Tsuchiya, K., Nukatsuka, M., Sofue, M., and Kawada, J. (1990). Insulin-like effect of vanadyl ion on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J. Endocrinol. 126, 451. 

Coppey, L. J., Gellett, J. S., Davidson, E. P., Dunlap, J. A., Lund, D. D., and Yorek, M. A. 2001. Effect of antioxidant treatment of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats on endoneurial blood flow, motor nerve conduction velocity, and vascular reactivity of epineurial arterioles of the sciatic nerve. Diabetes 50 1927-1937. 

Administration of AG has also been shown to be able to normalise nerve blood supply and to improve conduction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, thus showing potential for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy.581... 

In a related study, streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated with pyridox-amine, vitamin E, and enalapril (7V-(l-[ethoxycarbonyl -3-phcny I propyl)-Ala-Pro), an AGE/ALE inhibitor, an antioxidant, and an ACE-inhibitor, respectively.598 Diabetic hyperglycaemia was accompanied by severe dyslipidaemia. Treatment with pyridoxamine was the most effective in reducing lipid abnormalities and in retarding nephropathy, retinopathy, and protein modification. Vitamin E was the next most effective treatment in retarding nephropathy, but did not affect retinopathy or AGE/ALE formation. Enalapril normalised blood pressure and retarded nephropathy and the accumulation of CML in the kidney, but did not affect dyslipidaemia and retinopathy. Thus pyridoxamine is the most effective therapy overall. 

In streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, OPB-9195 improved delayed motor-nerve conduction velocity by 60%, reduced stress-related DNA damage in the periphery of sciatic nerves, and reduced serum-AGE levels, but did not affect body weight, blood glucose levels, and glycated haemoglobin.600... 

Yokozawa et al.611 have shown that when erythritol, which occurs naturally in algae, wine, sake, beer, pears, grapes, watermelon, and mushrooms, is administered orally to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats at 400 mg (kg b.w.)-1 d 1 for 10 d, the levels of HMF and TBA-reactive substances in the serum were significantly reduced creatinine was also reduced. More than 90% of the erythritol was eliminated in the urine, i.e., not metabolised. 

T. Yokozawa, H. Y. Kim, and E. J. Cho, Erythritol attenuates the diabetic oxidative stress through modulating glucose metabolism and lipid peroxidation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2002, 50, 5485-5489. 

Babu, P.S. and Srinivasan, P. (1997) Hypolipidemic action of curcumin, the active principle of turmeric Curcuma longa in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 166(1-2), 169-1 75. 

Sidhu, G.S. et a/. (1999) Curcumin enhances wound healing in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats and genetically diabetic mice. Wound Repair and Regeneration 7, 362-374. 

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