Hepatic lipid peroxides

Bacon, B.R, Tavill, A.S., Brittenham, G.M., Park, C.H. and Recknagel, R.O. (1983a). Hepatic lipid peroxidation in vivo rats with chronic iron overload. J. Clin. Invest. 71, 429-439. 

Pritsos, C.A., Sokoloff, M. and Gustafton, D.L. (1992). PZ-51 (Ebselen) in vivo protection against adriamycin-induced mouse cardiac and hepatic lipid peroxidation and toxicity. Biochem. Pharmacol. 44, 839-841. 

Sanders et al. [133] found that although quercetin treatment of streptozotocin diabetic rats diminished oxidized glutathione in brain and hepatic glutathione peroxidase activity, this flavonoid enhanced hepatic lipid peroxidation, decreased hepatic glutathione level, and increased renal and cardiac glutathione peroxidase activity. In authors opinion the partial prooxidant effect of quercetin questions the efficacy of quercetin therapy in diabetic patients. (Antioxidant and prooxidant activities of flavonoids are discussed in Chapter 29.) Administration of endothelin antagonist J-104132 to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats inhibited the enhanced endothelin-1-stimulated superoxide production [134]. Interleukin-10 preserved endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice probably by reducing superoxide production by xanthine oxidase [135]. 

Bagchi M, Hassoun EA, Stohs SJ. 1992a. Endrin-induced increases in hepatic lipid peroxidation, membrane microviscosity, and DNA damage in rats. Arch Environ Contain Toxicol 23 1-5. 

Bagchi D, Hassoun EA, Bagchi M, et al. 1993c. Protective effects of antioxidants against endrin-induced hepatic lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and excretion of urinary lipid metabolites. Free Radical Biology Medicine 15 217-222. 

Bagchi E, Hassoun E, Akubue P, et al. 1993d. Comparative effects of endrin on hepatic lipid peroxidation and DNA damage, and nitric oxide production by peritoneal macrophages from C57BL/6J and DBA/2 mice. Comp Biochem Physiol 105C(3) 525-529. 

Choudhury RB, Poddar MK. (1984) Andrographolide and Kahnegh (Andrographis paniculata) extract In vivo and in vitro effect on hepatic lipid peroxidation. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 6 481. 

Camps J, Bargallo T, Gimenez A, et al. 1992. Relationship between hepatic lipid peroxidation and fibrogenesis in carbon tetrachloride-treated rats effect of zine administration. Clinical Science 83 695-700. 

Hepatic lipid peroxidation. Oil, administered to apo E-deficient mice for 10 weeks, produced a significant increase in hepatic lipid peroxidation ... 

CN172 Ferre, N., J. Camps, A. Paul, et al. Effects of high-fat, low-cholesterol diets on hepatic lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in apolipoprotein E-defi-cient mice. Mol Cell Biochem 2001 218(1-2) 165-169. 

E, 20 minutes/day for 8 weeks, increased hepatic lipid peroxidation s . 

NT242 Bagchi, M., D. Bagchi, E. A. Hassoun, and S. ]. Stohs. Subchronic effects of smokeless tobacco extract (STE) on hepatic lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and excretion of urinary metabolites in rats. Toxicology 1998 127(1-3) 29-38. 

Further evidence for the involvement of vitamin E in arachidonic acid metabolism comes from work by Valentovic, Gairola and Lubawy [146], who showed that vitamin E deficiency in rats increased hepatic lipid peroxidation and decreased aortic PGI2 synthesis. Inhalation of cigarette smoke by the rats increased platelet TXA2 by over 90% and reduced aortic PGI2 by between 26-33%. However, these effects were independent of the presence of vitamin E in the diet. 

Devasena and Menon (2007) reported that fenugreek seeds had a modulatory effect on colon tumour incidence, as well as hepatic lipid peroxidation (LPO) during DMH (1,2-dimethylhydrazine) colon carcinogenesis in male Wistar rats. In DMH-treated rats, 100% colon tumour incidence was accompanied by enhanced LPO and a decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) content, as well as a fall in glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities. Inclusion of fenugreek seed powder in the diet of DMH-treated rats reduced the colon tumour incidence to 16.6%, decreased the lipid peroxidation and increased the activities of GPx, GST, SOD and CAT in the liver. 

It is well known that lipid peroxidation, DNA singlestrand breaks, and other forms of DNA damage occur in response to oxidative stress (Ames et al, 1982). Depletion of reduced glutathione also commonly precedes or accompanies lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress (Muldoon and Stohs, 1991 Omar et al, 1990). In an in vivo study, the effects of ricin administered orally on hepatic lipid peroxidation, nonprotein sulfhydryl content, and DNA singlestrand breaks were assessed in mice (Muldoon et al, 1992). The incidence of hepatic DNA damage increased 2.9-, 2.8-, and 2.4-fold relative to control values at 24, 36, and 48 h post-treatment with ricin, respectively. Hepatic nonprotein sulfhydryl concentration decreased significantly from 51 to 65% to control values at 24, 36, and 48 h post-treatment (Figures 25.2 and 25.3). 

FIGURE 25.2. The effects of ricin on hepatic lipid peroxidation. Concentration of thioharituric acid reactive substances (TEARS) in the liver was compared between control (untreated) mice and mice treated with 25 pg ricin/kg. Values are the averages of 4-10 animals SD. p < 0.05 with respect to corresponding control group. 

Therefore, the ability of TNF-a antibody to modulate ricin-induced urinary carbonyl excretion as well as hepatic lipid peroxidation, glutathione depletion, and DNA singlestrand breaks was assessed (Muldoon et al, 1994). Ricin-induced urinary MDA and FA were reduced significantly in mice receiving antibody (15,000 U/kg) 2 h before treatment with ricin (5 pg/kg). At 48 h following ricin treatment, MDA and FA concentrations in the urine of TNF antibody-treated... 

Muldoon, D.F., Hassoun, E.A., Stohs, S.J. (1992). Ricin-induced hepatic lipid peroxidation, glutathione depletion, and DNA single-strand breaks in mice. Toxicon 30 977-84. 

Hermansky, S.J., Stohs, S.J., Markin, R.S., Murray, W.J. (1990a). Hepatic lipid peroxidation, sulfhydryl status, and toxicity of the blue-green algal toxin microcystin-LR in mice. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 31 71-91. 

Niemela, O., Parkllla, S., Britton, R.S., Brunt, E., Bacon, B. Hepatic lipid peroxidation in hereditary hemochromatosis and alcohohc hver injury. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 1999 133 451-460... 

Valenzuela, A. Lagos, C. Schmidt, K. Videla, L.A. Sily-marin protection against hepatic lipid peroxidation induced by acute ethanol intoxication in the rat. Biochem. Pharmacol. 1985, 34, 2209-2212. 

Inhalation of bromotrichloromethane by rats increased total lipids in liver and stimulated hepatic lipid peroxidation. After intragastric administration, liver steatosis was observed. Rats injected with 0.26 mmol bromotrichloromethane died after massive accumulation of neutral lipids and necrosis of the liver. 

Kato N, Kawai K, Yoshida A. 1981a. Effect of dietary level of ascorbic acid on the growth, hepatic lipid peroxidation, and serum lipids in guinea pigs fed polychlorinated biphenyls. J Nutr 111 1727-1733. 

Nicholls-Grzemski, F. A., Belling, G. B., Priestly, B. G., Calder, I. C., and Burcham, P. C. (2000). Clofibrate pretreatment in mice confers resistance against hepatic lipid peroxidation. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 14, 335-345. 

Following treatment of the rats with chlorpyrifos and fenthion. 4,3- and 4.8-foId increases, respectively, were observed in hepatic lipid peroxidation, whereas at the same doses, incrca.ses of 4.6- and 5.3-fold, respectively, were observed in brain homogenates. The effects of the pesticides on lipid peroxidation in hepatic and brain homogenates based on the TBARS assay are summarized in Table I (Bagchi et al., 1995). 

---