Sensitive cell lines

Dix, P.J. Pearce, R.S. (1981). Proline accumulation in NaCI-resistant and sensitive cell lines of Nicotiana sylvestris. Zeitschrift fur Pflanzenphysiologie, 102, 243-8. 

Some flavonoids, such as procyanidins, have antidiabetic properties because they improve altered glucose and oxidative metabolisms of diabetic states (Pinent and others 2004). Extract of grape seed procyanidins (PE) administered orally to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats resulted in an antihyperglycemic effect, which was significantly increased if PE administration was accompanied by a low insulin dose (Pinent and others 2004). The antihyperglycemic effect of PE may be partially due to the insuli-nomimetic activity of procyanidins on insulin-sensitive cell lines. 

Pinent M, Blay M, Blade MC, Salvado MJ, Arola L and Ardevol A. 2004. Grape seed-derived procyanidins have an antihyperglycemic effect in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and insuhnomimetic activity in insulin-sensitive cell lines Endocrinology 145(11) 4985 1990. 

Hormonal effects. A commercial product, PC-SPES, composed of Chrysantemum morifolium, Ganoderma lucidum, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Isatis indigotica, Panax pseudoginseng, Rabdosia rubescens, Scutellaria baicalensis, and Serenoa repens was tested in hormone-insensitive cell lines LNCAP-BCL-2, PC-3, and DU-145 at variable concentrations. LNCAP, the only hormone-sensitive cell line, was affected by the lowest dose of PC-SPES tested . 

Astragaloside II, a cycloartane triterpene glycoside isolated from the Egyptian Astragalus spinosus, was tested at minimum of five concentrations 10-fold dilution against a total of 60 human tumor cell lines derived from seven cancer types (lung, colon, melanoma, renal, ovarian, brain and leukemia). The results indicated that the colon cancer (SW-620) and the leukemias (CCRF-CEM, HL-60) were the most sensitive cell lines [98]... 

Macromolecules Photo-sensitizer Cell line Potentiation with PCI References... 

Alejo and Garciglia (1992) conducted studies relating PAL activity and capsaicin-precursor compounds in p-fluorophenyla-lanine-resistant and -sensitive variant cells of chilli pepper. PFP (p-fluorophenylalanine)-resistant cells exhibited the highest PAL activity and free phenylalanine and phenolic compound concentrations, even after a minimum of nine subcultures (15 days each), in the absence of PFP, indicating that the selected trait was stable. PFP-resistant cells accumulated greater amounts of capsaicin precursors (cinnamic, caffeic and ferulic acids) than either the non-selected cells or the sensitive cell line. p-Coumaric acid was not detected... 

Kimpton, J. and Emerman, M. (1992) Detection of replication-competent and pseudotyped human immunodeficiency virus with a sensitive cell line on the basis of activation of an integrated beta-galactosidase gene../. Virol. 66, 2232-2239. 

Two new cyclic heptapeptides, scytalidamides A 43 and B 44, were isolated from the culture broth of a marine fungus, Scytalidium sp., collected from the Bahamas. Compounds 43 and 44 showed moderate in vitro cytotoxicity toward HCT-116 human colon adenocarcinoma with IC50 values of 2.7 and 11.0 pM, respectively. Both compounds displayed moderate cytotoxicity in the NCI 60 cell-line panel with mean GI50 values of 7.9 and 4.1 pM for 43 and 44, respectively. The most sensitive cell lines were MOLT-4 leukemia (3.0 pM) for 43 and Uacc-257 melanoma (1.2 pM) for 44. The total syntheses of scytalidamide A 43 was achieved on solid phase using two different resins, a phenylalanine silane resin and a 4-methoxybenzaldehyde backbone linker resin. ... 

An important immune function to evaluate in the context of immuno-deficiency, and one that represents a form of nonspecific immunity/host resistance, is the function of natural killer (NK) cells. NK cells are lymphocytes distinct from either B-cells or T-cells, which contribute to immunocompetence by mediating major histocompatibility complex-independent cytotoxicity (Lotzova 1993). For the purposes of these studies, a combined measurement of both basal and augmented NK cell function was used. In this assay, murine splenoc5des were exposed for 24 hours to various concentrations of drugs in the presence or absence of an optimum concentration of recombinant IL-2 (Thomas et al. 1993). The cells were then washed and cocultured for 4 hours with radiolabeled YAC-1 tumor cells (a murine NK-sensitive cell line). Tumor cell lysis was quantitated as described above for the CTL procedure. 

Expression of Mn-SOD can be induced by IL-1 or TNF as well as by TPA. Inducibility of the enzyme by TNF is abolished by actinomycin D, which indicates that the effect is due to de novo biosynthesis of Mn-SOD. TNF-resistant cell lines respond to TNF treatment with increases in Mn-SOD. A similar increase was seen after TNF treatment of a cell line derived from adenocarcinoma of the ovary. On the other hand, most TNF-sensitive cell lines do not show any changes in Mn-SOD levels following exposure to TNF. The level of Cu,Zn-SOD is essentially unchanged by TNF addition. 

TABLE 2. Cytotoxicity (IC50 pM) of Au(III) complexes towards the ovarian tumour cell line panel. Cisplatin is shown for comparison. The numbers in parentheses represent resistance factors (IC50 of resistant cell line IC50 sensitive cell line) ... 

Tew, K, D., Bomber, A. M., and Hoffman, S. J., Ethacrynic acid and piriprost as enhancers of cytotoxicity in drug resistant and sensitive cell lines. Cancer Res. 48, 3622-3625 (1988). Tipping, E., and Ketterer, B., The influence of soluble binding proteins on lipophile transport and metabolism in hepatocytes. Biochem. J. 195, 441 52 (1981). 

GZ (23) is known to decrease elevated plasma levels of AST and ALT in various liver diseases. Thus it has been widely used for the treatment of chronic liver diseases (chronic viral hepatitis) in Japan for several years [82]. However, the mechanism of its transaminase-lowering action is not fully understood. Some studies suggested that the decrease of transaminase levels by GZ in patients with chronic viral hepatitis is mediated in part by inhibition of immune-mediated cytotoxicity against hepatocytes [83]. GZ (23) was shown to inhibit the cytotoxicity of CTL against antigen-presenting cells and also to suppress TNF-a induced cytotoxicity in the TNF-a sensitive cell line in vitro. A clinical study reported the use of GZ to bring about an improvement of hepatitis after liver transplantation performed for cirrhosis secondary to hepatitis B complicated by a small hepatocellular carcinoma [84],... 

ITT systems have been used at all process scales. With the appropriate cleaning validation to demonstrate removal of protein and debris from previous use, tangential flow filters can be cleaned and used multiple times. TFF is usually not appropriate for clarification of a very shear-sensitive cell line or a low viability process as the turbulent flow required to recirculate the cells in the system leads to more cell breakage, resulting in release of more impurities in the clarified product. 

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