Public welfare

Notes National primary ambient air quality standards define levels of air quality which the EPA Administrator judges are necessary, with an adequate margin of safety, to protect the public health. National secondary ambient air quality standards define levels of air quality, which the Administrator judges necessary to protect the public welfare from any known or anticipated adverse effects of a pollutant. 

The government is charged by the Constitution with a responsibility for the public welfare, (a) Discuss the government s responsibility in controlling the risks in society, (b) Tobacco is not subject to the Delaney Amendment that bans material that can be demonstrated to cause cancci m animafs regardless of the quantity of material used in the tests. Why aren t all materials subject to the same ruk-s ... 

The EPA sets two kinds of national ambient air quality standards. The primary standard is set at a level intended to protect human health with an adequate margin of safety. The secondary standard, usually less stringent, is set based on protecting the public welfare, which can include factors other than health impacts, such as reduced visibility, atid damage to crops. 

Commission in 1946. Atomic research and development, both for defense and peaceful use, was to he solely in the hands of the Atomic Energy Commission. Its mission was to assure the common dclensc and security, and to improve the public welfare, increasing the standard of living, strengthening tree competition, in private enterprise, and promoting world peace. ... 

Qualifications for obtaining a patent on an invention or process (USA) are (1) the invention must not have been published in any country or in public use in USA in either case for more than one year to date of filing application, (2) it must not have been known in USA before that date of invention by the applicant, (3) it must not be obvious to an expert in the art/technology, (4) it must be useful for a purpose not immoral and not injurious to the public welfare, and (5) it must fall within five statutory classes on which only patents may be granted, namely, (a) composition of material, (b) process of manufacture or treatment, (c) machine, (d) design, and (e) plant produces asexually. 

Just as the benefits of insecticides to public welfare fall into two classes, so also do the hazards fall into two groups first, those which are traditionally and legally the responsibilities of local, state, and federal health officers, and, second, those which are traditionally and legally the responsibilities of other authorities. The two groups are often impossible to separate. Of direct interest to the public health professions are the following ... 

With peace and prosperity, American scientists began questioning the effects of their products on the public welfare. Nylon s manufacture produced less pollution than rayon but, during the 1960s, Carothers two closest associates at Du Pont, Flory and Hill, protested publicly about the production of disposable plastic items. At the time, there were no systems for collecting or recycling them. Flory said, The development of an abun-... 

In the end, the responsibility of citizens and industrial leaders is the same to insist that the information provided by modern science and engineering is used wisely for the public good. By working together for the public welfare, we can enjoy the enormous benefits of industrial technology and protect Earth for coming generations. 

Any premeditated, unlawful act dangerous to human life or public welfare that is intended to intimidate or coerce civilian populations or governments. (White House 2006)... 

Again, from the preceding points of view, it can be seen that defining terrorism or the terrorist is not straightforward and never easy. Even the standard dictionary definition leaves us with the vagaries and ambiguities of other words typically associated with terrorism, such as in the definitions of unlawful and public welfare (Sauter and Carafano 2005). 

HHS, Public welfare Protection of human subjects. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 45, Part 46 Subtitle A, Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, Rev. October 2000, pp. 107-125. 

Any element, compound, mixture, solution, or substance whose release may substantially endanger public health, public welfare, or the environment... 

Statement by Alexander M. Schmidt, M.D., commissioner, Food and Drug Administration, Public Health Service, Department of Health, Education and Welfare before the Subcommittee on Health, Committee on Labor and Public Welfare and Subcommittee on Administrative Practice and Procedure, Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. Senate, July 10, 1975. 

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (1991b) Protection of Human Subjects, Subpart D Additional Protections for Children Involved as Subjects in Research, Code of Federal Regulations, Title 45, Public Welfare Part 46, Subpart D 46.401-46.409, Revised June 18, 1991, Effective August 19, 1991, Washington, DC Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration, October 1, 1994 (45 CFR Subtitle A), pp.132-135. 

Secondary NAAQS are set to protect public welfare. This includes economic losses due to damage to agricultural crops, forests, and materials as well as aesthetic effects, including visibility degradation. 

With the worldwide emergence of financial markets and competition becoming more and more intense, companies around the globe are continuously urged to become more efficient. This striving for increased efficiency and reduced production costs has several implications. Extensive transportation activities, low prices and high consumption rates, mass layoffs or critical working conditions in various industry sectors can be considered problematic effects, while on the other hand public welfare seems to increase continuously. 

U.S. Congress, Senate, Committee on Labor and Public Welfare and Committee on the Judiciary, "Examination of New Drug Research and Development by the Food and Drug Administration," 93rd Congress, 2nd Session, 25 and 27 September 1974, pp. 619-633. 

Conditions hazardous to life, property, or public welfare in the occupancy of structures or premises ... 

Chemists are proud of the contributions that the chemical profession has made to mankind. Knowledge of the structure of matter and the nature of chemical change has contributed goods and services for the public welfare. Unfortunately, the development of these goods and services has produced a number of occupational diseases that have adversely affected the health of the worker. 

Criteria pollutants are air pollutants (e.g., lead, sulfur dioxide, and so on) emitted from numerous or diverse stationary ormobile sources for which National Ambient Air Quality Standards have been set to protect human health and public welfare. 

Criteria pollutants are air pollutants emitted from numerous or diverse stationary or mobile sources for which National Ambient Air Quality Standards have been set to protect human health and public welfare. The original list of criteria pollutants, adopted in 1971, consisted of carbon monoxide, total suspended particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, photochemical oxidants, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides. Lead was added to the list in 1976, ozone replaced photochemical oxidants in 1979, and hydrocarbons were dropped in 1983. Total suspended particulate matter was revised in 1987 to include only particles with an equivalent aerodynamic particle diameter of less than or equal to 10 micrometers (PM10). A separate standard for particles with an equivalent aerodynamic particle diameter of less than or equal to 2.5 micrometers (PM25) was adopted in 1997. 

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