Sodium heparinate

Second, bromination of methyl groups attached to arylphenoxy-phosphazene polymers converted them to CH2Br units (22). These were then quaternized with triethylamine, and the quaternary sites were used for anion exchange with sodium heparin (Fig. 2). The... 

Heparin is most commonly prepared as the sodium salt, which can be converted into other salts (usually potassium or calcium) by cation exchange.45 For the sake of simplicity, the term heparin will be used throughout this article, instead of the more appropriate term sodium heparinate. Mention of a specific cation other than sodium will be made only when relevant to the property discussed. 

Methadone Hydrochloride Visual incompatibilities of methadone hydrochloride were observed with solutions of aminophylline, ammonium chloride, amylo-barbitone sodium, chlorothiazide sodium, heparin sodium, nitrofurantoin sodium, novobiocin, pentobarbitone sodium, phenobarbitone sodium, phenytoin sodium, quinalbarbitone sodium, sodium bicarbonate, sodium iodide, sulfadiazine sodium, sulfafurazole diethanolamine, or thiopentone sodium. 

Pethidine Hydrochloride Pethidine hydrochloride solutions are not compatible with barbiturates, aminophylline, morphine sulfate, sulfadiazine sodium, methicilline sodium, nitrofurantoin, phenytoin sodium, heparin sodium, sodium iodide, diethanolamine, sulfafurazol, acyclovir sodium, liposomal doxorubicin hydrochloride, frusemide, imipenem, and idarubicin. Visual incompatibilities are reported with mixtures of pethidine hydrochloride and cefoperazone sodium or mezlocillin sodium, nafcillin sodium and minocycline hydrochloride or tetracycline hydrochloride in 5% glucose injection.82 83... 

Dobutamine is unstable with alkaline preparations and is incompatible with sodium bicarbonate 5% and alkaline drugs such as aminophylline, frusemide, thiopentone sodium, heparin, bumetanide, calcium gluconate, insulin, diazepam, and phenytoin.105,106... 

Amsacrine Amsacrine is incompatible with sodium chloride mixtures and glucose-containing injections with acyclovir sodium, ganciclovir sodium, aztreonam, amphotericin, cimetidine hydrochloride, ceftazidime, frusemide, ceftriaxone sodium, heparin sodium, methylprednisolone sodium succinate, metoclopramide hydrochloride, and some antineoplastics.204 Asparaginase is incompatible with many drugs and rubber, and should be stored at 2° to 8 °C for stability. 

PVPyrH Poly-4-vinylpyridine (PVPyr) prepared by conventional persulfate catalyzed polymerization was dissolved in ethyl alcohol or methyl Cellosolve (2 to 3% solution) for application to polyester film substances. These films adsorb heparin from solutions of sodium heparin to produce anticoagulant surfaces (PVPyrH). Films were painted on, or spread by knife coating. 

A method of covalently bonding heparin to a polymer substrate is presented. The synthetic route consists of coupling heparin covalently with polyisocyanatostyrene. This reaction was made possible by the fact that formamide is a room temperature solvent for sodium heparin and this allowed a liquid-solid interface reaction to take place. Lee-White clotting tests in vitro (in hydrogel tubes) showed these surfaces to be non-clotting after 24 hours whereas untreated controls and surfaces of GBH type clotted in approximately 25-35 minutes. 

However, the authors identified a laboratory error, in that the blood tube for analysis for lithium contained lithium heparin rather than sodium heparin. When the infant s serum lithium concentration was checked using a proper tube on day 6 it was 0.06 mmol/1, not 2.6 mmol/1, so the fetus may not after all have had lithium toxicity. 

The term heparin has not been used consistently since its introduction it usually implies the sodium salt of the sulfated polysaccharide, but many other salts are known. Perhaps a more logical name would be hepariiiic acid the sodium salt would then be termed sodium heparinate, and the naturally occurring complex which contains the anticoagulant, protein heparinate. In this Chapter, the term heparin signifies the sodium salt, unless otherwise qualified. 

Extravasation can cause severe local reactions, including tissue necrosis. Safe venous access, preferably via a central line is advisable. The recommendation to use sodium heparin or buffered dextrose is not supported by clinical data. 

Koch P, Hindi S, Landwehr D. Delayed allergic skin reactions due to subcutaneous heparin-calcium, enoxaparin-sodium, pentosan polysulfate and acute skin lesions from systemic sodium-heparin. Contact Dermatitis 199634(2) 156-8. 

Sample material Serum, lithium heparinate plasma or sodium heparinate plasma. 

EDTA, potassium oxalate, sodium citrate and sodium fluoride are unsuitable for plasma separation. Lithium heparin plasma or sodium heparin plasma will show approx. 20 U/1 higher values than serum. 

Sodium heparinate, lithium heparinate, sodium fluoride/potassium oxalate, and EDTA do not cause an interference. Citrate should not be used as an anticoagulant because it may cause a large negative bias. 

Sample material Serum, sodium heparinate plasma or EDTA plasma. 

As anticoagulant for plasma separation (sodium heparinate and potassium oxalate/ sodium fluoride are not recommended for plasma separation). 

Citrate, sodium heparinate, Naj-EDTA and Naj-EDTA as anticoagulants for plasma separation, lead to reduced uric acid values. 

Analysis of Pb is routinely performed by either ICP-Qj, electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. EDTA anticoagulated blood is the specimen of choice for Pb analysis, because Pb is concentrated in the erythrocytes. Sodium heparin may also be used however, samples that are not analyzed within 48 hours are frequently clotted and must be rejected. Care must be taken when obtaining capillary blood. Surface contamination, insufficient collection volume, and inadequate mixing with EDTA result in frequent sample rejection. Urinalysis can also be performed urine quantification correlates with exposure. 

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