3 -RACE

The Barbados Eye Study (Leske et al., 1997) over 4 years shov ed a 5 times higher incidence of developing glaucoma in a group of black ocular hypertensives as compared with a predominantly white population. Some population studies have found the mean lOP in blacks to be higher than Caucasian controls. Other studies (e.g., Tielsch et al., 1991) found no difference. Consequently, further studies are required to clarify this issue. 

Age older than 40 years is a risk factor for the development of POAG. Up to 15% of African-American men are affected by the ninth decade of life (Friedman et al., 2004 Table 30.1). Consequently, glaucoma is found to be more prevalent in the aging population, even after compensating for the mean rise in lOP with increasing age in the US. However, the disease itself is not limited to only middle-aged and elderly individuals. 

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In the applications where the compactness of the energy conversion system is the determining factor as in the case of engines, it is important to know the quantity of energy contained in a given volume of the fuel-air mixture to be burned. This information is used to establish the ultimate relations between the nature of the motor fuel and the power developed by the motor it is of prime consideration in the development of fuels for racing cars. 

Table 5.4 gives the specific energies of selected organic liquid compounds. Compared with the isooctane chosen as the base reference, the variations from one compound to another are relatively small, on the order of 1 to 5%, with the exception of some particular chemical structures such as those of the short chain nitroparaffins (nitromethane, nitroethane, nitropropane) that are found to be energetic . That is why nitromethane, for example, is recommended for very small motors such as model airplanes it was also used in the past for competitive auto racing, for example in the Formula 1 at Le Mans before being forbidden for safety reasons. 

Bearing elements made of bearing steel were subject to studies. External ring-type elements with an internal race of 20 mm diameter and 12 mm height (Fig.4) were subject to tests using the contact probe and internal volumetric ones. Results of tests are given in Table 2. 

Exciting developments based on electromagnetic induction raced along from that time, giving us the sophisticated products our everyday lives depend on. During most of the period productive uses for eddy current technology were few and few people believed in it as a usefiil tool eddy currents caused power loss in electrical circuits and, due to the skin effect, currents flowed only in the outer surfaces of conductors when the user had paid for all the copper in the cable. The speedometer and the familiar household power meter are examples of everyday uses that we may tend to forget about. The brakes on some models of exercise bicycle are based on the same principle. 

The first attempt to come up with a standard multitechnique NDE format model fulfilling these requirements was one of the main achievements of the TRAPPIST project, led between 1992 and 1994 in the frame of the European RACE Program [1],... 

Figure Al.6.23. Schematic representation of dephasing and reversal on a race track, leading to coherent rephasing and an echo of the starting configuration. From Phys. Today, (Nov. 1953), front cover.

Porter G 1995 Flash photolysis into the femtosecond—a race against time Femtosecond Chemistry ed J Manz and L Woste (New York VCH) pp 3-13... 

C2.14.4 Kineticsit has already been emphasized (section C2.14.1, section C2.14.2.2 and section C2.14.3.1) tliat kinetics are of paramount importance in describing living systems [76]. The root of tliis may ultimately he in tire fact tliat whereas inanimate matter has endless time in which to undergo its transfonnations, mortal, animate matter is constantly racing against tire clock. 

Reaction races and selectivity in porous catalvst pellets are strongly V... 

NOTE In the initial testing of any undesireable interaction between Sodium Azide, Acetic Acid and Sulfuric Acid, I mixed 5mL of each into a small cup underneath my "fume hood". Though I smelled nothing, within seconds my head felt like it was expanding, my heart started racing, and I felt more weak and confused than normal. I just barely escaped and recovered in 15 minutes, but, Needless to say, this procedure is a tad on the dangerous side. You have been warned. ... 

Nomex is another aramid fiber Kevlar and Nomex differ only in that the substitution pattern in the aromatic rings is para in Kevlar but meta in Nomex Nomex is best known for its fire resistant properties and is used in protective clothing for fire fighters astronauts and race car drivers... 

The values of Saybolt Universal Viscosity at 100°F and at 210°F are taken directly from the comprehensive ASTM Viscosity Table, Special Technical Publication No. 43A (1953) by permission of the publishers, American Society for Testing Materials, 1916 Race St., Philadelphia 3, Pa. 

The process is rather like a sprint race, with all ions leaving the starting line at the same time. However, unlike a normal race, the result is always the same viz., the ions arrive at the finish (collector or detector) in procession and strictly in the order of increasing m/z values. Ions of the smallest m/z values arrive first, followed successively by others of increasing m/z value. 

In effect, the ions race each other along the drift tube, but the winners are always the ions of smallest m/z value, since these have the shortest flight times. The last to arrive at the detector are always those of greatest mass, which have the longest flight times. However, as in a race, for there to be a separation at the finish line (the detector), the ions must all start from the ion source at the same time (no handicapping allowed ). 

Analogous to a race, in chromatography, a mixture of substances (the runners) is placed at the beginning of a column (the track) and then made to move along the column (race) to the end, where the faster ones arrive first and the slower ones arrive last. 

Unlike an ordinary race, in chromatography the runners (substances) are forced along the track (column) by either a stream of gas (GC) or a stream of liquid (LC). 

A good LC/MS instrument routinely provides a means for obtaining the identities and amounts of mixture components rapidly and efficiently. It is not unusual to examine micrograms or less of materia). LC/MS is used in a wide range of applications, including environmental, archaeological, medical, forensic, and space sciences, chemistry, biochemistry, and control boards for athletics and horse racing. 

The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), 1916 Race St., Philadelphia, PA 19103—1187. 

The transparency of methanol flames is usually a safety advantage in racing. In the event of fires, drivers have some visibiUty and the lower heat release rate of methanol provides less danger for drivers, pit crews, and spectators. 

Partly for these reasons, methanol has been the required fuel of the IndianapoHs 500 since 1965. Methanol is also used in many other professional and amateur races. However, transparency of the methanol flames has also been a disadvantage in some race track fires. The invisibiUty of the flame has confused pit crews, delayed fire detection, and caused even trained firefighters problems in locating and extinguishing fires. 

T. PoweU, "Racing Experiences with Methanol and Ethanol-based Motor Euel Blends," SME Paper 750124, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, Pa., Feb., 1975. 

Based on ASTM E380-89a (Standard Practice for Use of the International System of Units (SI)), American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 19103, 1989. 

Initially, at least, methanol vehicles should be capable of operating on either M85, gasoline, or any mixture of the two. These vehicles are caHed flexible fueled (EEV) or variable fueled vehicles (VEV). It is expected that methanol could be sold in existing service stations out of tanks constmcted of methanol-tolerant material such as carbon steel or certain fiber glass formulations. EventuaHy, if enough EEV/VEVs are sold and methanol becomes widely avaHable, dedicated vehicles would likely be buHt and sold. Methanol has been used for years as a racing fuel. 

The com rootworms Diabrotica barberi and D. virgijera were controUed in the U.S. com belt from 1954 to 1964 by soil appHcations of heptachlor and aldrin. A resistant race of the western com rootworm D. virgijera was first characterized in southeastern Nebraska in 1961 and spread rapidly throughout the entire com belt. Successive introductions of carbamate and organophosphate soil insecticides have increased the cost of com rootworm control from... 

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