Proprietary specifications

Plates, Shapes, and Bar Stock. Structural material used in the manufacture of main load carrying components of the equipment shall conform to applicable ASTM or API specifications covering steel shapes, plates, bars, or pipe, or a proprietary specification conforming to the minimum requirements of applicable ASTM or appropriate standard. Structural steel shapes having a specified minimum yield strength less than 33,000 psi, or steel pipe having a specified minimum yield strength less than 35,000 psi shall not be used. 

Filler Metals. Filler metal shall conform to the requirements of ASME BPV Code Section II, Part C and Section IX, or to a proprietary specification agreed to between the employing contractor and owner. Filler metals may be in the form of welding wire (solid or cored) or consumable inserts. 

There are now many national, international and proprietary specifications for impressed current cathodic protection for steel in concrete. It can only be applied with great care if there is prestressing in the structure. Careful investigation is recommended in the presence of ASR. There are additional installation costs if there are large numbers of electrically unconnected reinforcing bars. 

There are established, non-proprietary specifications for its application. There are anode systems suitable for most applications. 

Certain items to be specified may be covered by proprietary specifications. These are items where no competitive alternative exists, and the owner is willing to state an exact make, model, or product name to be used exclusively. 

This chapter is intended to provide an overview of the varions aspects of manufacturing lithium-ion (Li-Ion) cells. While the basic principles of cell design and manufacture are well known, each manufacturer maintains proprietary, specific details of their cell designs and assembly and the equipment used in cell fabrication. Nonetheless, the overall principles and processes involved are detailed below. Figure 8.1 shows a schematic of the components of a cell (battery). 

ARCAT Specs http //www.arcat.com/ (accessed October 15, 2010). ARCAT Specs are complete, accurate, and in the CSI three-part format. They are available free for viewing and downloading in popular word processing formats. These long-form proprietary specifications are complete with technical data, ASTM standards, performance features and product attributes (from the Web page). 

Sweet. California (etc) red table and sweet red table, proprietary types generally without specific fmit or varietal aroma unless Concord-type or fmit wines (blackberry, raspberry, strawberry, etc)... 

The design and manufacture of adsorbents for specific appHcations involves manipulation of the stmcture and chemistry of the adsorbent to provide greater attractive forces for one molecule compared to another, or, by adjusting the size of the pores, to control access to the adsorbent surface on the basis of molecular size. Adsorbent manufacturers have developed many technologies for these manipulations, but they are considered proprietary and are not openly communicated. Nevertheless, the broad principles are weU known. 

The alcohols, proprietary denatured ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol, are commonly used for E-type inks. Many E-type inks benefit from the addition of small amounts of ethyl acetate, MEK, or normal propyl acetate to the solvent blends. Aromatic hydrocarbon solvents are used for M-type inks. Polystyrene resins are used to reduce the cost of top lacquers. T-type inks are also reduced with aromatic hydrocarbons. Acryflc resins are used to achieve specific properties for V-type inks. Vehicles containing vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate copolymer resins make up the vinyl ink category. Ketones are commonly used solvents for these inks. 

Noryl. Noryl engineering thermoplastics are polymer blends formed by melt-blending DMPPO and HIPS or other polymers such as nylon with proprietary stabilizers, flame retardants, impact modifiers, and other additives (69). Because the mbber characteristics that are required for optimum performance in DMPPO—polystyrene blends are not the same as for polystyrene alone, most of the HIPS that is used in DMPPO blends is designed specifically for this use (70). Noryl is produced as sheet and for vacuum forming, but by far the greatest use is in pellets for injection mol ding. 

A classification by chemical type is given ia Table 1. It does not attempt to be either rigorous or complete. Clearly, some materials could appear ia more than one of these classifications, eg, polyethylene waxes [9002-88 ] can be classified ia both synthetic waxes and polyolefins, and fiuorosihcones ia sihcones and fiuoropolymers. The broad classes of release materials available are given ia the chemical class column, the principal types ia the chemical subdivision column, and one or two important selections ia the specific examples column. Many commercial products are difficult to place ia any classification scheme. Some are of proprietary composition and many are mixtures. For example, metallic soaps are often used ia combination with hydrocarbon waxes to produce finely dispersed suspensions. Many products also contain formulating aids such as solvents, emulsifiers, and biocides. 

There are seven principal classes of accelerators and several miscellaneous products that do not fit into these classes. In addition, many proprietary blends of several accelerators are sold which are designed as cure packages for a specific appHcations. Choosing the best cure system is a responsibiUty of the mbber chemist and requites extensive knowledge of each accelerator type and its appHcabiUty in each elastomer. Table 5 shows a rule of thumb comparison of the scorch/cure rate attributes for the five most widely used classes of accelerators used in the high volume diene-based elastomers. 

The standard AISI types with the Unified Numbering System (UNS) designation are identified in Table 4. A number of proprietary types have not been Hsted. These are for specific uses, which justify their substantial cost. 

Several types of wax and wax—metal emulsions are water repeUents (30,31). Among these are wax dispersions without metal salts and wax dispersions containing aluminum or zirconium salts. The products that do not contain metal salts are anionic emulsions of wax, used alone or in combination with durable-press resins. Specific compositions are proprietary. Their chief use is on nylon, polyester, and acetate fabrics. 

Aramid Fibers. Aromatic polyamide fibers exhibiting a range of mechanical properties are available from several manufacturers, perhaps the best known being Du Pont s proprietary fiber Kevlar. These fibers possess many unique properties, such as high specific tensile strength and modulus (see Fig. 4). Aramid fibers have good chemical resistance to water, hydrocarbons, and solvents. They also show excellent flame retardant characteristics (see High PERFORMANCE fibers Polyamdes). 

Linear transport velocity of the material is almost proportional to the product of frequency and stroke for these conveyors. However, the transport velocity and the depth that can be obtained with a specific material is dependent on the handling characteristics of that material. Manufacturers have accumulated data banks relating material characteristics to attainable conveying velocities for their proprietary conveyor designs. 

Structure—Property Relationships The modem approach to the development of new elastomers is to satisfy specific appHcation requirements. AcryUc elastomers are very powerhil in this respect, because they can be tailor-made to meet certain performance requirements. Even though the stmcture—property studies are proprietary knowledge of each acryUc elastomer manufacturer, some significant information can be found in the Hterature (18,41). Figure 3a shows the predicted according to GCT, and the volume swell in reference duid, ASTM No. 3 oil (42), related to each monomer composition. Figure 3b shows thermal aging resistance of acryHc elastomers as a function of backbone monomer composition. 

The complexers maybe tartrate, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine, nittilotriacetic acid (NTA), or some other strong chelate. Numerous proprietary stabilizers, eg, sulfur compounds, nitrogen heterocycles, and cyanides (qv) are used (2,44). These formulated baths differ ia deposition rate, ease of waste treatment, stabiHty, bath life, copper color and ductiHty, operating temperature, and component concentration. Most have been developed for specific processes all deposit nearly pure copper metal. 

Palladium and Palladium Alloys. Palladium is used in telephone equipment and in electronics appHcations as a substitute for gold in specific areas. Palladium is plated from ammoniacal and acid baths available along with chelated variations as proprietary processes. One typical alkaline bath uses 8 g/L diammine-dinitropalladium, 100 g/L ammonium nitrate, and 10 g/L sodium nitrite. The pH is adjusted to 9—10 using ammonium hydroxide, and the bath is operated at 100 A/m at 50° C. If ammonium sulfamate, 100 g/L, is used in some baths to replace the nitrate and sodium nitrite salts, the bath is mn at lower temperature, 25—35°C, and a pH of 7.5—8.5. A palladium—nickel alloy, 75% Pd, is plated from a bath having 6 g/L palladium from the same salt, 3 g/L nickel from nickel sulfamate concentrate, and 90 g/L ammonium hydroxide. The bath is operated at 20—40°C with 50-100 A/m/... 

The primary producers of ethyl alcohol also market the specially denatured and completely denatured alcohols, as well as various proprietary solvents in which ethyl alcohol is the basic ingredient. These various products can also be described by rigid and descriptive specifications, but the... 

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