Durable press resins

SUicones are suppUed as aqueous emulsions or as solvent solutions. Dow-Coming and OSi Specialties are primary manufacturers and suppUers. Emulsions are usuaUy appUed to fabrics by pa dding or exhaustion. Solvent solutions can be appUed by spraying. With either type of product, coappUcation of a catalyst is necessary. The level of sUicone soUds on the weight of fabric should be 0.5—1.5%. Most of the sUicone emulsions can be coappUed with durable-press resins. Curing occurs at about 150°C. 

Resin-based repeUents may be used alone or in combination with durable-press resins. They are widely used as extenders for fluorochemical repeUents. When used alone, several of the resin-based finishes require an acid catalyst and curing at temperatures above 150°C for maximum repeUency and durabUity. When coappUed with durable-press finishes, which themselves require a magnesium chloride catalyst, the catalyst and curing conditions for the durable-press finish provide the necessary conditions for the repeUent. 

Several types of wax and wax—metal emulsions are water repeUents (30,31). Among these are wax dispersions without metal salts and wax dispersions containing aluminum or zirconium salts. The products that do not contain metal salts are anionic emulsions of wax, used alone or in combination with durable-press resins. Specific compositions are proprietary. Their chief use is on nylon, polyester, and acetate fabrics. 

Amination A/-Methylolacrylamide in presence of Lewis acid catalyst. Further modifications possible by addition to double bond (Scheme 10.61) Amines with durable press resins Improved dyeability with dichlorotriazine dyes at pH 5 without salt, giving 99% fixation Some improvements in dyeability, especially with direct dyes, but light fastness can be a problem... 

The carboxylated polymers [476,499] include acrylic, methacrylic or maleic acid polymers (all obviously anionic in character) applied mainly from aqueous emulsion and particularly in combination with crease-resist or durable press resins. This type of chemistry has already been discussed in section 10.8.2. A particularly common example is the copolymer of acrylic acid with ethyl acrylate (10.247). In general the best balance of properties is obtained with 75-85% ethyl acrylate (y) and 25-15% acrylic acid (x), with an average chain length of about 1300 (x + y) units 65-85% ethyl acrylate with 35-15% methacrylic acid is also suitable. When the content of the acidic comonomer increases above about 30% the durability to washing tends to decrease, whilst longer chains tend to give a stiffer handle [499]. 

The ultimate performance of a durable-press resin system is dependent on a number of factors, such as cloth type, resin type and level, cure temperature, cure time, and system pH. 

REFORM brand of textile reactant (as an aqueous solution with 60% active solids) is used to reduce free formaldehyde levels on durable-press fabrics by 40-70%. When REFORM textile reactant is combined with currently used durable-press resins, not only is free formaldehyde permanently reduced, but also the physical properties of the cured fabrics remain essentially unaltered, even after storage for one year. 

REFORM textile reactant permanently reduces free formaldehyde levels on cured fabric when used with any of the usual durable-press resin systems--glyoxal, carbamate, or urea-formaldehyde. It works with both 100% cotton and cotton/polyester blended fabrics. 

REFORM textile reactant is incorporated on an active-solids basis directly into the pad bath as a substitution for a portion of the active solids of the durable-press resin. It has a reactive hydroxyl group with which to enter into the curing process and become bound with the resin in the cured finish. 

The degree of substitution for optimum results will vary depending on the durable-press resin with which it is to be used. For many glyoxal reactants, the substitution will average about 35% on the active-solids basis. With certain carbamates the optimum may be closer to 50% replacement on a direct-weight basis. For trial formulation with a specific modified reactant system, use about one-third substitution as a starting level. 

DANSIL 24 is a reactive softener for durable press fabric treatment. It is a stable, water dilutable silicone emulsion. Its principal use is as a softener with durable press resins. It Imparts increased wrinkle recovery, improved flex abrasion resistance and a soft lively hand to fabrics so treated. 

DANSIL 24 can be used to replace organic softeners used with durable press resins, or it can be used in combination with organic softeners. 

When used on polyester/cellulosic fabrics in conjunction with durable press resins, the silicone emulsion polymer system ... 

A hand modifier for durable press, resin treated fabrics... 

Imparts weight to fabrics without effecting the fabric hand, durable press resin or dye shade... 

Reduces formaldehyde odor when applied with typical durable press resins... 

STANTEX WEIGHTER 4445 is normally applied to fabric from the durable press resin bath along with the fabric softeners. It does not interfere with the resin treatment and is compatible with all resin systems. 

Ghosh S and Cannon M D, Quantitative analysis of durable press resin on cotton fabrics using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy , Textile Research Journal, 1990,60,167-172. 

Catalyst [Hickson Danchem] Magnesium chlorides catalyst for durable press resins. 

Danset384. [Hickson Danchem] Modified glyoxd resin durable press resin for pre- or post-cured goods. 

Fatcorez. [Cil. Fatridk ] Durable press resin fw fabrics. 

Patients with formaldehyde dermatitis of any origin or with formaldehyde durable-press-resin dermatitis need to avoid fabrics with a formaldehyde durable-press resin. Such patients may shop for garments with a label indicating that a non-formaldehyde durable... 

Fiber content will also narrow the chemical finish applied. For example, cotton and cotton/polyester blends are those that might be durable-press resin finished. Fabrics with other fiber contents would not be finished in this way. 

Durable-press resin-treated fabrics and other finishing compounds are known to cause contact allergies. The incidence or prevalence is not thought to be significant. Tracing the cause of durable-press-resin dermatitis involves using patch testing with the various... 

V. Fabric Finishing Application Durable Press Resin on Fabrics. 446... 

Fabrics containing cellulosic fibers are often treated with a resin to provide durable press properties by improving appearance retention. The most common durable press resins are dimethyloldihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) and a methylated derivative of DMDHEU that is known as DMeDHEU. They react disfunctionally with two cellulose molecules to... 

Ghosh, S., and Brodmann, G. L., On-line measurement of durable press resin on fabrics using the NIR spectroscopy method. Textile Chem. Colorist 25(4), 11-14 (1993). 

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