Production concept

Natural Gums. These were used in early styling products, formerly called wave sets. Natural gums generally make hazy solutions and the dried film tends to flake. For these reasons they are rarely used. Some of these gums, eg, tragacanth and alginates, can create humidity-resistant films and have limited use for specific product concepts. 

Strategy tables and influence diagrams can also be important management methodologies for coherent as well as shared planning (53). Strategy tables hst alternative product concepts, design options, as well as technical and market alternatives. 

Conjugated-Diene Butyl. CDB can be obtained by the controlled dehydrohalogenation of halogenated butyl mbbet (27). This product concept remains in the development stage. 

Engineering-resin suppHers will work with manufacturers using computer-aided design, engineering, and manufacturing methods (129). The time between product conception and marketing should be dramatically reduced. 

By producing a quality plan or a verification plan that identifies the verification stages from product conception to delivery and further as appropriate, and refers to other documents that define the specific requirements at each stage... 

Establish a product realization process that covers the phases from product conception to product approval. 

The great importance of the solubility product concept lies in its bearing upon precipitation from solution, which is, of course, one of the important operations of quantitative analysis. The solubility product is the ultimate value which is attained by the ionic concentration product when equilibrium has been established between the solid phase of a difficultly soluble salt and the solution. If the experimental conditions are such that the ionic concentration product is different from the solubility product, then the system will attempt to adjust itself in such a manner that the ionic and solubility products are equal in value. Thus if, for a given electrolyte, the product of the concentrations of the ions in solution is arbitrarily made to exceed the solubility product, as for example by the addition of a salt with a common ion, the adjustment of the system to equilibrium results in precipitation of the solid salt, provided supersaturation conditions are excluded. If the ionic concentration product is less than the solubility product or can arbitrarily be made so, as (for example) by complex salt formation or by the formation of weak electrolytes, then a further quantity of solute can pass into solution until the solubility product is attained, or, if this is not possible, until all the solute has dissolved. 

Provide new functionality. Rather than improving the existing product concept, find new ways of meeting the customer needs. For example, by converting the product into a service. 

New product concepts are tested against the baseline to check whether there is a genuine improvement or not and can be plotted in the form of a spider-diagram (Figure 3.5). This allows alternative solutions to be easily compared, and specifically highlights the trade-offs that have to be made. It may not be possible to ensure that a new idea has a lower or equal impact on every dimension to the existing solution. There may be a price to pay on one dimension to secure a range of benefits on other dimensions. 

Good Manufacturing Practice and certification of starting materials for the industrial manufacture of medicinal products. Concept paper on a Community regulatory framework , 1995 European Commission, Directorate General IE, Industry Consumer Goods Industries III/E/3 Pharmaceuticals, July. 

These points are common to the Draft Concept and to the cleaner production concept. 

These points are common to the Sustainable Development Concept and to the cleaner production concept. How could all that be funded It would be ridiculous to suggest that comprehensive actions towards a cleaner economy might be supported by the miserable national budget. There is even less reason to believe that any down-to-earth effort to upgrade some specific facility and implement advanced technologies and state-of-the-art equipment might be funded from it. Furthermore, we can hardly rely on the assistance from the West, and nobody here believes in assistance not backed by economic interest. 

Pipeless plants are an alternative to the traditional recipe-driven multipurpose batch plants with fixed piping between the units. In this production concept, the batches of material are moved around between stationary processing stations in mobile vessels. The processing steps are performed at different single purpose or multipurpose stationary units but the material remains in the same vessel throughout the production process. The transportation of the mobile vessels can be realized by a transportation system that is fixed to the vessels or by automated guided vehicles (AGV) that pick up the vessels only to perform a transfer order [1]. 

The motivation for the investigation of a pipeless plant as an alternative production concept was the increasing product diversification and the decrease of the individual production volumes. It is expected that the capacity and the flexibility of the existing standard multipurpose plant that consists of several batch mixers will be not sufficient to meet the market demands and to stay economically competitive in the future. 

OLED on an Al-PET substrate. The device performance does not deteriorate after repeated bending, suggesting that there is no significant stress-induced change in the characteristics of the OLEDs fabricated on PET foil [71,82]. The results demonstrate the feasibility of fabricating flexible displays using a variety of plastic substrates including metal-laminated plastic foils, or a metal film sandwiched between two plastic foils. The flexible device structures enable a display to conform, bend, or roll into any shape and thus make possible other product concepts. 

This first step, Concept Development, is one of the most creative, in which ideas are generated in an unconstrained atmosphere, keeping customer needs in mind. In this step, customer requests are translated into product requirements. Through an iterative process, the requirements are reviewed with the customers and refined as necessary. Product concepts are generated to achieve these... 

The development of surfactants based on carbohydrates and oils is the result of a product concept based on the exclusive use of renewable resources. In industry, saccharose (sucrose), glucose and sorbitol, which are available in large amounts and at attractive prices, are used as the preferred carbohydrate raw materials. 

Ecker, A., Production concepts for high throughput rates, presentation (Session VI) given at the Polyester 99 4th World Congress - The Polyester Chain, Zurich, Switzerland, 25-28 October, 1999. 

Identify market and technology Generate alternate product concepts... 

A good design is both art and science. Creativity is needed to come up with a product concept that has either not been considered before or has been considered and abandoned. Discipline is needed to investigate and evaluate all the details to make sure that they fit together, which is an exercise in multiscale optimization the product structure is in the molecular scale of nanometers to micrometers, the process equipment is in centimeter to meter scales, marketing and finance are played in the meter to hundred kilometer scales, and environmental concerns are on a global scale. 

Figure 13.3 The total product concept (from Levitt, T. The Marketing...

In applying the solubility product concept to CD, it is often useful to consider it in terms of what concentration of ions is required in solution before pre-... 

Compression force/hardness profile The compression/hardness profile of a granule batch is an important property. Different subunits of two formulations were selected and compressed using different compression forces in order to obtain tablets. The tablets were tested for hardness as a function of different subrmit numbers (Figs. 11,12). From experience, it is well known that certain formulations show an excellent compression profile as small batches but do not keep this property on the batch size increasing. This is another advantage of the quasi-continuous production concept as, in principle, the quality of the small batch is not changed by the repetitive procedure. 

Promoting Chemical Leasing based on the preventive Cleaner Production concept provides practical solutions for industry to become more efficient and at the same time reduce unnecessary hazardous chemicals consumption and protect human health and the environment. In this way, environmental and economic policy matters as well as international cooperation objectives can be addressed. In his article, T. Jakl excellently highlights Chemical Leasing and regulatory approaches in Chemical Policy. 

Validation is supported by all phases of development from the product concept. 

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