Styling products

Natural Gums. These were used in early styling products, formerly called wave sets. Natural gums generally make hazy solutions and the dried film tends to flake. For these reasons they are rarely used. Some of these gums, eg, tragacanth and alginates, can create humidity-resistant films and have limited use for specific product concepts. 

Solvents. The most widely used solvent is deionized water primarily because it is cheap and readily available. Other solvents include ethanol, propjdene glycol or butylene glycol, sorbitol, and ethoxylated nonionic surfactants. There is a trend in styling products toward alcohol-free formulas. This may have consumer appeal, but limits the formulator to using water-soluble polymers, and requires additional solvents to solubilize the fragrance and higher levels of preservatives. 

Compositions have been pubHshed for cream tinses (82), hair conditioners, dressiags, and mousses (83), hair-styling products (84), hair sprays (85), hair colorants (86), hair-waving products (87), hair-straightening products (88), and depilatories (89). 

Since chitin and chitosan are nontoxic and nonallergenic, they can be applied on the human body. They have been used in the production of emulsifiers, antistatic agents and emollients to extend the cosmetic product shelf life (e.g., shampoos and hair styling products). 

The photocycloaddition of chloroprene to methyl 2,4-dioxopentanoate (4) has been reported. Only two de Mayo style products were obtained from this process and these were identified as the adducts (5) and (6) arising from the two paths of addition of the enol (7) to the diene. Precise kinetic data has been obtained for the photochemical dimerisation of the cyclopentanone derivative (8). ... 

Methyl silicones are also a major ingredient in personal care products. They are added to shaving lotions to provide lubrication and to give these products a non-greasy, yet silky, feeling. They help hair-styling products to spread more easily, and they increase the skin protection factor (SPF) in sunscreens. Silicones are also used in deodorants, perfumes, and nail polishes. 

A complex PEM electrolysis system with 100 MW is definitely more than a big electrolysis stack and a gathering of components. It must rather be integration of design, material selection and technical engineering on one hand and the interaction of electrochemical and electro technical subsystems on the other hand. Additional big-style production know-how, a transparent security and safety concept as well as an experienced and competent commissioning and service organization must be available. Paired with over 15 years of experience in research and development of PEM electrolysis these factors build a solid fundament for the realization at Siemens. 

Aim 1. Removal of sebum, sweat components, scales of stratum corneum, hair styling products and dirt. 

Immunological direct contact reaction may be caused by type-I allergies to latex protein, hydrolysed animal proteins (ingredients of the styling products) and persulphates in blonding products. Type-I allergies to latex and persulphates may cause reactions not only on the skin, but also on the conjunctivae and the respiratory tract. 

Function in Formula Thickener, foam stabilizer, rheology modifier, film former Use Concentration <1% in shaving creams. <1% in hair-styling products Soluhility Characteristics Insoluble in water hotter than 45°C. Soluble in many polar organic solvents, including ethanol... 

Use Concentration 0.5-1.0% polymer solids in hair shampoos, conditioners, and rinses 1-2% polymer solids in hair-styling products 0.5% polymer sohds in skin care products... 

Use Concentration 2-8% in conditioners and shampoos 2-8% in styling products <2% in creams and lotions... 

Use Concentration 0.5% polymer solids in shampoos, shower gels, and liquid hand soap 0.1-0.2% polymer solids in creams and lotions 0.1-0.4% polymer solids in hair-styling products... 

Taiichi, O. (1973), Toyota Style Production System, Toyota Education Department, Japan. 

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