Parasite biochemistry

Host-Parasite Relationships in Beerse, in 1976, organized by Hugo van den Bossche of the Janssen Research Foundation, one of the first major meetings devoted to parasite biochemistry. By this time the main features of hydrogenosome metabolism were clearly delineated (Cerkasovova and Cerkasov 1976 Lindmark 1976 Muller 1976). 

Surolia, N., RamachandraRao, S. R, Suroha, A. Paradigm shifts in malaria parasite biochemistry and anti-malarial chemotherapy. Bioessays 2002, 24(2), 192-196. 

Chan, A. C., Chevli, R., and Fitch, C. D. (1980) Ferriprotoporphyrin IX fulfils the criteria for identification as the chloroquine receptor of malaria parasites. Biochemistry 19, 1543-1549. 

With the completion of the P. falciparum genome-sequencing project (Gardner et ah, 2002), his current focus is on using this information to carry out proteomic analysis of parasite biochemistry. To this end the first procedure for carrying out quantitative proteomics experiments with P. falciparum and methods to look at the extent and variation of post-translational modification across the parasite s proteome were developed by the Hyde and Sims group. 

Brown, W. M., Yowell, C. A., Hoard, A., Vander Jagt, T. A., Hunsaker, L. A., Deck, L. M., Royer, R. E., Piper, R. C., Dame, J. B., Makler, M. T., and Vander Jagt, D. L. (2004). Comparative structural analysis and kinetic properties of lactate dehydrogenases from the four species of human malarial parasites. Biochemistry 43,6219-6229. 

Antiprotozoal Agents - The chemotherapy of protozoan diseases was comprehensively reviewed. The Abstracts of the Ninth International Congress on Tropical Medicine and Malaria contain many articles on protozoan and helminthic diseases. Many aspects of parasite biochemistry and drug action were presented at a recent meeting and have been published.3... 

JW Pitera, NR Munagala, CC Wang, PA Kollman. Understanding substrate specificity m human and parasite phosphoribosyltransferases through calculation and experiment. Biochemistry 38 10298-10306, 1999. 

A. Trouet, J. M. Jadin, and F. V. Hoof, Lysosomotropic chemotherapy in protozoal diseases, in Biochemistry of parasites and Hosti-Parasites Relationships (H. van den Bossche, ed.), North-Hol-land, Amsterdam, 1976, p. 519. 

Mak, C.-H. and Ko, R.C. (1999) Characterization of endonuclease activity from excretory/secretory products of a parasitic nematode, TrichineUa spiralis. European foumal of Biochemistry 260, 477-481. 

It is obviously not possible to provide a comprehensive review of plant nematology in one chapter, and readers are directed to descriptions of the taxonomy (Nickle, 1991), morphology (Bird and Bird, 1991), physiology and biochemistry (Perry and Wright, 1998) and cell biology (Fenoll et al., 1997b) of plant-parasitic nematodes. Rather, examples will be provided from plant-parasitic nematodes that emphasize the catholic nature of nematode parasitism. Understanding how the host and parasite communicate,... 

Atkinson, H.J., Lilley, C.J., Urwin, P.E. and McPherson, M.J. (1998) Engineering resistance to plant-parasitic nematodes. In Perry, R.N. and Wright, D.J. (eds) The Physiology and Biochemistry of Free-Living and Plant-Parasitic Nematodes. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, pp. 381-413. 

Perry, R.N. and Wright, D.J. (1998) The Physiology and Biochemistry of Free-Living and Plant-Parasitic Nematodes. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 438 pp. 

Page, A.P., Landry, D., Wilson, G.G. and Carlow, C.K.S. (1995b) Molecular characterization of a cyclosporin A-insensitive cyclophilin from the parasitic nematode Brugia malayi. Biochemistry 34, 11545-11550. 

Singh, R.N., Chandrashekar, R. and Mehta, K. (1995) Purification and partial characterization of a transglutaminase from dog filarial parasite, DiroJUaria immitis. InternationalJournal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology 27, 1285—1291. 

Hussein, A.S., Smith, A.M., Chacon, M.R. and Selkirk, M.E. (2000) A second non-neuronal secreted acetylcholinesterase from the parasitic nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis determinants of substrate specificity. European Journal of Biochemistry 267, 2276-2282. 

Pritchard, D.I., Brown, A. and Toutant, J.-P. (1994) The molecular forms of acetylcholinesterase from Necator americanus (Nematoda), a hookworm parasite of the human intestine. European Journal of Biochemistry 219, 317-323. 

Barrett, J. (1976) Intermediary metabolism in Ascaris eggs. In Van den Bossche, H. (ed.) Biochemistry of Parasites and Host-Parasite Relationships. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 117-123. 

Chen, W., Huang, X., Komuniecki, P.R. and Komuniecki, R. (1998) Molecular cloning, functional expression, and characterization of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase from anaerobic muscle of the parasitic nematode Ascaris suum. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 353, 181-189. 

Huang, YJ., Walker, D., Chen, W., Klingbeil, M. and Komuniecki, R. (1998b) Expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase isoforms during the aerobic/anaerobic transition in the development of the parasitic nematode, Ascaris suum altered stoichiometry of phosphorylation/inactivation. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 352, 263-270. 

Komuniecki, R. and Harris, B. (1995) Carbohydrate and energy metabolism in helminths. In Marr,J. and Mueller, M. (eds) Biochemistry and Molecular Biolog of Parasites. Academic Press, New York, pp. 49-66. 

Harnett, W. and Parkhouse, R.M.E. (1995) Nature and function of parasite nematode surface and excretory-secretory antigens. In Sood, M.L. and Kapur, J. (eds) Perspectives in Nematode Physiology and Biochemistry. Narendra Publishing House, Delhi, pp. 207-242. 

Barrett, J. (1981) Biochemistry of Parasitic Helminths. MacMillan, London. 

Kennedy, M.W., Brass, A., McCruden, A.B., Price, N.C., Kelly, S.M. and Cooper, A. (1995b) The ABA-1 allergen of the parasitic nematode Ascaris suum fatty acid and retinoid binding function and structural characterization. Biochemistry 34, 6700-6710. 

Oswald, I.P., Wynn, T.A., Sher, A. and James, S.L. (1994) NO as an effector molecule of parasite killing modulation of its synthesis by cytokines. Comparative Biochemistry, Physiology, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology 108,11-18. 

In the general spectrum of host-parasite relationships, there is considerable parasite-induced host variability resulting in perturbed host physiology, biochemistry, and developmental behavior (8, 21, 22). There is a wide range of speculation that the parasite has the capacity to modulate or regulate host systems (8, 10, 23). It is clear that the C. sonorensis polydnavirus induces developmental arrest in H. virescens larva (18, 24,... 

Stermitz, E. R. 1998. Plant parasites. In Alkaloids Biochemistry, Ecology, and Medicinal Applications (Roberts, M. E. and Wink, M., eds), pp. 327-336. New York - London Plenum Press. 

Perez-Victoria, J.M. et al.. Correlation between the affinity of flavonoids binding to the cytosolic site of Leishmania tropica multidrug transporter and their efficiency to revert parasite resistance to daunomycin. Biochemistry, 38, 1736, 1999. 

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