Ointment bases lanolin

Simone and Popino have considered the stability of neomycin in both hydrophobic and hydrophilic ointment bases. No loss of potency over a period of 1 year at 20°C was reported for formulations containing carboxymethylcellulose, polyethylene glycol(P.E.G.) or white-soft paraffin. However, formulations containing hydrous lanolin were reported to be unstable. All materials used in the formulations were obtained from U.S. sources. Coates et al3°l investigated the use of P.E.G. from British sources and described neomycin as being incompatible with the materials tested. 

Ointments and Creams Ointments are applied to the skin for topical treatment or to be absorbed into the blood system for delivery to target areas. They are semisofid preparations obtained by mixing the API with selected ointment bases depending on intended use. These bases include petrolatum, paraffin, mineral oil, lanolin, and glycols. Preservatives are often added to ensure the ointments will maintain the recommended shelf life. 

Ointments are commonly used for topical application of drugs to the eye.These vehicles are primarily mixtures of white petrolatum and liquid mineral oil with or without a water-miscible agent, such as lanolin.The mineral oil is added to the petrolatum to allow the vehicle to melt at body temperature, and the lanolin is added to the nonemulsive ointment base to absorb water. This allows for water and water-soluble drugs to be retained in the delivery system. Commercial ophthalmic ointments are derivatives of a hydrocarbon mixture of 60% petrolatum USP and 40% mineral oil USP, forming a molecular complex that is semisolid but melts at body temperature. In general, ointments are well tolerated by the ocular tissues, and when antibiotics are incorporated they are usually more stable in ointment than in solution. 

Petrolatum and lanolin alcohols is a soft solid used in topical pharmaceutical formulations and cosmetics as an ointment base with emollient properties. It is also used in the preparation of creams and lotions. Petrolatum and lanolin alcohols can be used to absorb wound exudates. See Table I. 

Golden Dawn. [Westbrook Lanolin] Lanolin emollient, emulsifier, ointment base, hair conditioner, lipstick binder. 

Dark-brown, viscous, oily liq. Odor of burnt petroleum, A 0.970-0,980. Immiscible with water. Freely sol in ale, volatile and fixed oils. Marketed as a 17% ointment, which also contains 4% titanium dioxide in an ointment base consisting of beeswax cetyl alcohol, lanolin, and petrolatum,... 

Uses Emollient, ointment base, stabilizer for creams, lipsticks, other decorative cosmetics, pharmaceuticals Features Lanolin substitute Trade Name Synonyms Softisan 649 [Sasol Germany http //www.sasoi.com] http //www.sasoioiefinssurfactants. com] Sasol N. Am. http //www.sasoinorthamerica.com]... 

Lead oxide, yellow Polyethylene glycol Storax (Liquidambar orientalis) Zinc stearate ointment base, pharmaceuticals Cetyl palmitate Cocamidopropyl betaine Lanolin ointment mfg. 

Lanolin, wool fat, wool wax the fatty or more correctly waxy substance secreted by the skin of the sheep, m-p. 36-42°C. L constitutes up to 50% of the wei t of raw wool. It is a complicated mixture of fatty adds, alcohols, fats and waxy substances. The latter are chiefly esters of steroids (cholesterol and lanoster-ol) and long chain aliphatic alcohols with higher fatty acids, which are 6-hydroxylated or carry a terminal isopropyl or isobutyl residue. L. is obtained from raw wool by extraction with organic solvents or soap solutions. It forms water-in-oil suspensions, and is used widely in the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries (as Adeps Lanae) as an ointment base. 

Uses ointment base in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products Cross eucerin, lanette wax. ICU. LANOLIN... 

The vast majority of ophthalmic ointments are essentially lipophilic and consist of mixtures of hydrocarbons. To improve spreading over the comeal surface and mixing with the precorneal him. small amount.s of lanolin and/or lanolin alcohols, impaning to the ointment base W/0 emulsifying properties, can be added. Suspension-type hydrocarbon ointments share with their "solution-type" homologs a poor patient acceptance, mostly due to their greasiness and vi.sion-blurring effect therefore, they are preferentially applied as nocturnal medications. 

The anhydrous petrolatum base may be made more miscible with water through the use of an anhydrous liquid lanolin derivative. Drugs can be incorporated into such a base in aqueous solution if desired. Poly-oxyl 40 stearate and polyethylene glycol 300 are used in an anti-infective ointment to solubilize the active principle in the base so that the ointment can be sterilized by aseptic filtration. The cosmetic-type bases, such as the oil-in-water (o/w) emulsion bases popular in dermatology, should not be used in the eye, nor should liquid emulsions, owing to the ocular irritation produced by the soaps and surfactants used to form the emulsion. 

Lipophilic ointment (oil ointment) consists of a lipophilic base (paraffin oil, petroleum jelly, wool fat [lanolin]) and may contain up to 10 % powder materials, such as zinc oxide, titanium oxide, starch, or a mixture of these. Emulsifying ointments are made of paraffins and an emulsifying wax, and are miscible with water. 

Ethoxysilatrane proved to be effective in treating wounds also via other routes of administration. Thus, in the second series of tests involving 40 rabbits with skin-muscle wounds of 300 mm2 size 1-ethoxysilatrane was administered both subcutaneously and per os at 50 mg/kg doses and as 5% ointment in a 1 1 vaseline-lanolin base. 

Skin-muscle wounds of 250 mm2 size were treated with an ointment consisting of the appropriate silatrane in the vaseline-lanolin base. Inflammatory signs disappeared after treatment with silatranes, especially with 1-chloromethyl- and 1-ethoxy-derivatives. By the 8—10th day of treatment the wound has almost completely been epithelialized, but for a small spot in the centre covered with crust... 

The hair of the back of the head was mechanically removed from an area of 3 x 4 cm under ether anaesthesia. The skin was dissected to the fascia. After the operation the wound was daily treated with a 5% ointment consisting of the appropriate silatrane and a vaseline-lanolin base until complete microscopic healing. The wounds of the control animals were covered only with the vaseline-lanolin mixture. The other control group was not treated at all. The wounds were examined daily and measured until complete healing. Then the animals were killed. From the wound area a piece of skin was taken for a histological analysis. 

Ointments are similar to creams but may be more viscous. Many ointments are prepared from a base of anhydrous lanolin or white petrolatum, which is a mixture ofn-, iso-, and cyclic-paraffins. Waxes may be added to make the ointments harder. 

Ointments, ophthalmic. Sterile ointments designed for application to the eyelids. Petrolatum, petrolatum-mineral oil, and petrolatum-anhydrous lanolin bases are often used in ophthalmic ointments because of their low irritating potential. Finely powdered, sterile active ingredients are aseptically incorporated into a sterile base, using sterile utensils, and dispensed in sterile ophthalmic-tipped tubes to reduce the possibility of contamination. ... 

Petrolatum- or lanolin-based lubricant ointments require application every three to four hours and are more generally used in clinical practice. It should be noted that lubricant ointments can harbor pathogenic bacteria, including Pseudomonas spp., and partly used tubes should be considered potentially contaminated and should not be stored for further use at a later date. 

Products and Uses The oil produced by hair glands in sheep. Used in ointments, leather polishes, face creams, facial tissue, hairdressing products, cosmetics, lipstick, mascara, rouge, eyeshadow, and suntan preparations. Lanolin anhydrous is used in chewing gum as a base. Primarily, it is a moisturizer. 

Foundations are usually mixtures of a suspension and an emulsion (termed sus-poemulsiori) in which the emulsion portion is usually either O/W or W/O and the continuous phase generally contains the pigment particles. Foundations need to be formulated to be thixotropic to provide the desired smooth levelling effect. Ointments are similar to creams but may be more viscous. Many ointments are prepared from a base of anhydrous lanolin or white petrolatum, which is a mixture of iso- and cyclic paraffins. Waxes may be added to make the ointments harder. 

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