Offsite building

Had the new heat exchanger been an addition to an existing plant that did not require investment in electrical services, utilities, offsites, buildings, site preparation or working capital, then the cost would be estimated from ... 

The bare module factors for each individual item are given in Table 9E-1. The offsite costs are given in Table 9E-5, the site development costs in Table 9E-6, and the cost of industrial buildings in Table 9E-7. The various costs are combined in Table 9E-8 and then updated to 1974. Much of the information is from Appendix B. 

Table 8.3 summarizes the actual or estimated prices to build a variety of chemical and refinery process plants. The stated costs do not include associated tankage, utilities, effluent treatment, service roads, general-purpose buildings, spare parts, or all the other components required to complete a major project. These additional offsite facilities are typically considered to add 50% onto the cost of a project. [1, 2]... 

Indirect cost. Indirect cost includes a large list of varied supporting equipment, utilities, and land for the modular major equipment cost method proposed herein. These items are commonly called offsites, which include cost of such items as roadways, land, buildings, warehouses, spare parts, maintenance shops, and electric power and water utilities. In addition to offsites, the indirect cost also includes the field-erection equipment, such as erection cranes, temporary construction buildings, welding supplies, and trucks. All of these items are necessities for the major equipment modules. 

In April of 1955, a facility utilizing the Recuplex solvent extraction process(2j was installed in the 234-5Z Building at Hanford. This facility provided the capability of recovering plutonium from unirradiated plutonium scrap from Hanford plutonium processing operations. By 1960, the Recuplex facility was inadequate with respect to contemplated production loads, shielding requirements, and criticality prevention safety. A project was authorized in March 1961 to provide a new facility for the adequate reclamation of plutonium from both wet and dry plutonium scrap generated from both on and offsite operations. This facility, the 236-Z Building, was completed in June 1964 and is referred to as the PRF. Details on the new plant were first published in 1967.(2)... 

Many of the offsite items are designed as packaged plants or systems that are purchased from specialized suppliers. In some cases, the supplier may even offer an over-the fence contract, in which the supplier builds, owns, and operates the offsite plant and contracts to supply the site with the desired utility stream or service. Over-the-fence contracts are widely used for industrial gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen, and most plants also import electricity from the local utility company. Over-the-fence contracts for steam, cooling water, and effluent treatment are less common, but are sometimes used in smaller plants or where several companies share a site. 

The question of whether to build a self-contained infrastructure for a plant or contract for offsite services is an example of a make or buy problem. The over-the-fence price will usually be higher than the cost of producing the utility or service internally, since... 

A preliminary (Class 4) estimate of the ISBL capital cost of building a 200,000 ton per year ethanol plant by corn dry milling has been stated as 130 MM —30%/+50%. The plant is to be built on a green-field site, and offsite costs are estimated to be between 40 MM and 60 MM. Estimate a value for the total project cost that will give 98% confidence that the project can be carried out within the amount estimated. 

Based on the preliminary process design, battery limits capit2d and operating costs were estimated for mid-1988. Hie battery limits plant conprises equipment and systems directly associated with the supercritical extraction operation, as shown in the process flowsheet (Figure 1) Offsites, such as materied shipping and handling, buildings, land, etc., were not included. 

Of those sites where dioxin was detected at levels of concern, the most common materials contaminated were soil and dust. At certain sites, production waste, contaminated equipment, and contaminated building materials were found. As expected, these sites were generally the production facilities of Tiers 1 and 2 and those waste disposal sites where intact waste or scrapped equipment was stored or disposed. The majority of dioxin contamination at Tier 1, la, 2 and 2a sites remained on-site. Furthermore, the 2,3,7,8-TCDD was usually confined to areas where waste materials were stored, loaded, processed, or, in the case of 28 Missouri sites, sprayed on roads to control dust. In seven cases, offsite migration at levels of concern has been confirmed. They are ... 

Equipment installed Offsite costs Site development costs Piping costs Industrial buildings... 

DOE 0 151.1A, Chapter III, sec. 4.b 4.2.12 Exercises At a minimum, each site/facility shall conduct building evacuation exercises consistent with Federal regulations [e g., 41CFR101-20.105-l(c)(l)], local ordinances, or National Fire Protection Association Standards. Exercises shall be conducted as often as needed to ensure that employees are able to safely evacuate their work area. For each site or facility, as applicable, the organization responsible for communications with DOE Headquarters, operations/field offices, and offsite agencies shall test communications systems at least annually or as often as needed to ensure that communications systems are operational. 

Neglecting offsites and building costs, to obtain the bare module, BM, cost add indirects for home office and field expenses at 20-45 % L-hM with small values for large projects (or for this case) 0.4 X 67000 = 93 800 + 3600 = 97 400 = BM cost. 

The possible consequences of a flooding depend on the question whether it is hmited to the outdoor plant area or water actually penetrates into buildings. In the first case, the dominant consequence is apotential loss of offsite power. In case water should penetrate into safety related huildings/rooms, there is additionally a potential for a radioactive release or even a loss of the residual heat removal system. 

Residual Heat Removal (RHR) and safety injection systems entirely within the containment building - are all inherent safety characteristics with respect to reactivity control, LOCA, and offsite releases respectively. 

Geobags 0.05-5 Offsite Pillow, box, As soft rock units to build... 

Marine fires, such as fires aboard a ship and land based fires (e.g. bush or forest fires) pose a threat to nuclear safety through the possibility of smoke and toxic/hot fumes entering the building and effecting persormel and equipment and also by restricting access to the site or affecting offsite power. Man made external fire hazards may arise from fixed hazardous facilities or from transport of eombustible material and these hazards should be assessed on a site-specific basis. 

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