Offsite facilities

Musser, E. G, Designing Offsite Facilities by Use of Routing Diagrams. Houston, Texas Gulf Publishing Co., 1983. 

Cost Data for Process Equipment Offsite Facilities, Site Development, and Structures... 

Offsite Facilities/How to Prevent Cooling Tower Fog Campbell, J. C. 

Offsite Facilities/Cooling Tower Estimates Made Easy Uchiyama, T. 

Table 8.3 summarizes the actual or estimated prices to build a variety of chemical and refinery process plants. The stated costs do not include associated tankage, utilities, effluent treatment, service roads, general-purpose buildings, spare parts, or all the other components required to complete a major project. These additional offsite facilities are typically considered to add 50% onto the cost of a project. [1, 2]... 

Cost curves of this type have been presented for petroleum refinery costs in the past. The curves presented herein have been adjusted to eliminate certain costs such as utilities, storage, offsite facilities, and location cost differentials. Separate data, included in indirect cost, provide the cost of these items. The facilities included have been defined in an attempt to improve accuracy. 

Other utility systems. Other utility systems required in a refinery are electric power distribution, instrument air, drinking water, fire, water, sewers, waste collection, and so forth. Since these are difficult to estimate without detailed drawings, the cost is normally included in the offsite facilities. 

Offsite Reclamation Reclamation is the recovery of a valuable material from a hazardous waste. Its techniques differ from use and reuse techniques in that the recovered material is sold to another entity rather than being used in the facility generating it. This option should follow exhaustion of onsite recovery options because of the increase in potential liability, both economic and environmental, with the transportation of waste to the offsite facility. 

Since several wastes are received at the offsite facility, the costs for processing would improve. 

The Army has been disposing of secondary wastes to offsite facilities from all of tire currently operating chemical agent disposal facilities and continues to do so. Of particular interest are tire experience at the ABCDF in Maryland with mustard agent hydrolysate and the experience at the NECDF in Indiana with VX hydrolysate. 

Spent activated carbon was shipped offsite for treatment, recovery, and/or disposal from the ABCDF after closure. All wastes generated during closure of the ABCDF were disposed of at appropriate permitted facilities. The currently operating baseline incineration disposal facilities all ship selected wastes, including brine solutions, metal that has been tested to the established waste clearance level, and spent activated carbon, to permitted offsite facilities. 

Offsite facilities include utility plants, when the company provides its own utilities, pollution control, ponds, waste treatment, offsite tankage, and receiving and shipping facilities. The utility plants may be estimated with the help of Table 16.12. To this may be added 5% of Ctbm to cover other facilities. 

In addition there are inevitably offsite facilities such as access roads, bulk power and water supplies, security installations, offices not directly associated with the plant, and employee housing these are not considered to be part of the process plant. 

Additional factors influencmg corrosion rates in petroleum refineries and petrochemical plants including offsite facilities and pollution control facilities are ... 

---