Investment requirements for

The total investment required for a project can be broken down into four parts ... 

The primary driver ia sulfur recovery appHcations is not economic potential, but rather environmental regulation. The capital investment required for sulfur recovery faciHties is significant. Increasing pressure to maximize recovery and throughput at minimum investment is constantiy being brought to bear on the chemical process iadustry. 

The capital investment required for gasification-based power systems is 1400 to 1600 /kW (1994 US dollars) and is projected to become less than 1200 /kW in the year 2000 because of the higher efficiency associated with gas-turbine combined-cycles currently being designed by turbine vendors. 

The investment required for the project is recovered as a charge on the project. How this charge is shown on an organisation s books will depend on its accounting practices. 

Estimate the capital investment required for this project, and the annual operating cost date mid-2004. 

Total investment required for project = 445,000 + 22,250 = 467,250, say 468,000 Annual operating costs, reference Table 6.6 ... 

Determine investment required for each waste reduction option Determine financial attractiveness of each option and rank options Evaluate the environmental impacts of each option ... 

Figure 15.9 shows the capital investments required for hydrogen infrastructure up to 2030. Onsite SMRs dominate in the early years. After 2025, central production, from biomass and coal, becomes significant, accompanied by pipeline delivery systems and stations. Later on, central production dominates in large cities, although onsite reformers persist in other areas. By 2030, the majority of capital investment is in central plants and pipeline delivery. 

Investment required for one successful drug launch (discovery through launch)... 

Given the large capital investment required for specialist equipment, the fermentation needs to display considerable production cost benefits over the chemical process to be considered seriously as a route to API manufacture. 

For the successful coinmerciahsation of almost all biocatalysis products, patent protection is essential since without patent protection, and the prospect of a period of enforceable monopoly in which to recoup investment and make a profit, it is unlikely that the substantial investment required for bringing a product process to the market will occur. Frequently, the compare making the invention does not wish to, or is not able to, bring the invention to the market itself. Instead, it enters into an alhance with a partner which is better able to do this. In this case, and especially in the period where it is still uncertain that the product will be useful or commercially successful, patents and patent applications, and the know-how associated with the product or processes, may be the most valuable asset of the company. 

The distribution of investment monies spent by the oil industry in 1965 is shown in Table VII. The above process investment requirement for producing high quality lead free gasoline is about seven times the... 

Another interesting recent development in styrene technology which will affect future consumption of ethylene relates to new methods for increasing conversion in the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene. Several years ago, Scientific Design pioneered a technique for increasing conversion in this reaction. The net result was a marked decrease in the capital investment required for styrene plants. The present trend is to-... 

Polymerization of monomer-impregnated concrete was initially carried out with 60Co gamma radiation. A principal advantage of using radiation is that free radical chain reactions can be induced at ambient temperature. This limits vaporization loss and may produce a better concrete-polymer bond. The disadvantages are the dose requirements and the relatively high initial investment required for the radiation source and facility. 

The tree-growth concept, as shown in Fig. 6-1, depicts a trunk output to start the particular industrial operation designated as the total capital investment. This total capital investment includes all the funds necessary to get the project underway. This encompasses the regular manufacturing fixed-capital investment and the working-capital investment along with the investment required for all necessary auxiliaries and nonmanufacturing facilities. The cash flow for the capital investments can usually be considered as in a lump sum or... 

Instrument costs, installation-labor costs, and expenses for auxiliary equipment and materials constitute the major portion of the capital investment required for... 

To determine the fixed-capital investment required for a new similar— single-process plant at a new location with a different capacity and with the same number of process units, the following relationship has given good results ... 

Methods for estimating the total capital investment required for a given plant are presented in the first part of this chapter. Determination of the necessary... 

Estimate by the turnover-ratio method the fixed-capital investment required for a proposed sulfuric acid plant (battery limit) which has a capacity of 140,000 tons of 100 percent sulfuric acid per year (contact-catalytic process) using the data from Table 19 for 1990 with sulfuric acid cost at 72 per ton. The plant may be considered as operating full time. Repeat using the cost-capacity-exponent method with data from Table 19. 

The total investment required for a new chemical plant is estimated at 2 million. Fifty percent of the investment will be supplied from the company s own capital. Of the remaining investment, half will come from a loan at an effective interest rate of 8 percent and the other half will come from an issue of preferred stock paying dividends at a stated effective rate of 8 percent. The income-tax rate for the company is 30 percent of pre-tax earnings. Under these conditions, how many dollars per year does the company actually lose (i.e., after taxes) by issuing preferred stock at 8 percent dividends instead of bonds at an effective interest rate of 6 percent ... 

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