Nuclear safety

In the next chapter, the concept of defence in depth will be described in detail. 

Fundamental management principles Safety culture Responsibility of operating organisation Regulatory control and verification  

Defence in depth principles Defence in depth Accident prevention Accident mitigation  

General technical principles Proven engineering practices Quality assurance Human factors Safety assessment and verification Radiation protection Operating experience and safety research  

Specific principles Siting Design Manufacturing and construction Commissioning Operation Accident management Emergency preparedness 

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J. V. Rees, Hostages of Each Other. The Transformation of Nuclear Safety Since Three Mile Island, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, lU., 1994. 

Summag Report Screening and Evaluation of Ricense Event Reports for 1979, Nuclear Safety Analysis Center Report, NSAC-2, Palo Alto, Calif., 1980. 

PasquiU Atmo.spheric Diffusion, Van Nostrand, 1962) recast Eq, (26-60) in terms of the dispersion coefficients and developed a number of useful solutions based on either continuous (plume) or instantaneous (puff) releases, Gifford Nuclear Safety, vol, 2, no, 4, 1961, p, 47) developed a set of correlations for the dispersion coefficients based on available data (see Table 26-29 and Figs, 26-54 to 26-57), The resulting model has become known as the Pasquill-Gifford model. 

William C. Wood, Nuclear Safety Risks and Regulations, American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy, Washington, DC, 1983. 

F. R. Farmer, Reactor Safety and Siting A Proposed Risk Criterion, Nuclear Safety, Vol. 8, No. 6, Oak Ridge, TN, November-December 1967, pp. 539-548. 

Allen, P. J. et al., 1990, Summary of CANDU-6 Probabilistic Safety Assessment Study Results, Nuclear Safety 31, 2, pp 202-214. 

Kaiser, G. D., 1986, Implications of Reduced Source Terms for Ex-Plant Consequence Modeling and Emergency Planning," Nuclear Safety 27,3, pp 369-384, July-September. 

Mattson et al., 1980, Concepts, Problems and Issues in Developing Safety Goals and Objectives for Commercial Nuclear Power, Nuclear Safety 21, pp 703-716, November-December. 

Myrtle Beach, 1979, Conference Record of the 1979 IEEE Standards Workshop on Human f-actors and Nuclear Safety, IEEE Cat. No. TH0075-2, December. 

Snell, V. G., et al., 1990, CANDU Safety under Severe Accidents, Nuclear Safety, 21,1, pp 20-36, January-March. 

Reliability Data Book for Components in Swedish Nuclear Power Plants, RKS 85-25, Nuclear Safety Board of Swedish Utilities, Swedish Nuclear Power Inspectorate, Stockholm... 

American Concrete Institute. "Code Requirements for Nuclear Safety Related Concrete Structures." ACI Standard 349-85. Detroit, MI. 

An international nuclear safety organization could be set up to adopt world safety standards, and approve standardized plant designs which could be built efficiently in volume around the world. This international organization, or additional ones, could approve, or provide, standard operator and maintenance training and like the IAEA could provide periodic inspections to assure that safety standards are being maintained, and that nuclear materials were not being illegally diverted. Indeed, perhaps the IAEA could be expanded to meet these requirements. 

Chexal, G., J. Horowitz, and G. Lellouche, 1987, An Assessment of Eight Void Fraction Models, in Heat Transfer—Pittsburgh, AIChE Symp. Ser. 83 (257) 249-254 Also 1986, EPRI, Nuclear Safety Analysis Center, Rep. NSAC-107. (3)... 

Nuclear reactions involving technetium have been actively studied until today. Our interest in the nuclear chemistry of technetium is based on various reasons. Technetium was the first artificially produced element in the periodic table, a weighable amount of technetium ("Tc) is now available, and 99mTc is one of the most important radionuclides in nuclear medicine. In addition, technetium is an element of importance from a nuclear safety point of view. 

The Blue Angel is a German eco-label for products and services [7]. The eco-label was introduced in 1978 and was one of the first worldwide environmental labels. The Blue Angel is an official label since it is owned by the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety in Germany. The award criteria are established by the Federal Environmental Agency in Germany with the support of scientific institutes and the industry. 

Finnish Radon Commission, Final Report 1982, Finnish Centre for Radiation and Nuclear Safety, Helsinki (in Finnish). 

The Finnish Centre for Radiation and Nuclear Safety is continuously conducting indoor radon surveys of dwellings. Already, the results from about 4500 houses are in our data register, and the number will be doubled this year. The present paper gives some new results of analyses of our data, an updated version of the previously published map of geographical distribution, and some of the principles of our monitoring strategy. 

The DOE Fundamentals Handbooks have been prepared for the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy, Office of Nuclear Safety Policy and Standards, by the DOE Training Coordination Program. This program is managed by EG G Idaho, Inc. 

Taylor, F.G., Jr. 1980. Chromated cooling tower drift and the terrestrial environment a review. Nuclear Safety 21 495-508. 

In addition to these requirements, if a PrHA is conducted to satisfy safety analysis requirements of DOE Order 5480.23, "Nuclear Safety Analysis Reports," the resolution of action items must be documented to obtain approval of the safety analysis and the startup of the facility. In this case, the contractor may be required to satisfy specific safety criteria before an action item is considered resolved. 

Because a PrHA can require a substantial investment, it is important to identify potential overlap with other DOE hazard analysis requirements. This section provides a recommended approach for satisfying the PSM Rule and the related requirements of a nuclear safety analysis report (SAR). 

These topics are the subject of DOE Standard DOE-STD-1027-92, "Hazard Categorization and Accident Analysis Techniques for Compliance with DOE Order 5480.23 Nuclear Safety Analysis Reports," which provides guidance for facility managers and Cognizant Secretarial Offices (CSOs). They are also discussed in the DOE Standard DOE-STD-3009-94,... 

U.S. Department of Energy, DOE Order 5480.23, "Nuclear Safety Analysis Reports," Washington, DC, April 1992. 

F. A. Gifford, Use of Routine Meteorological Observations for Estimating Atmospheric Dispersion, Nuclear Safety (1961), 2(4) 47. 

F. A. Gifford, Turbulent Diffusion-Typing Schemes A Review, Nuclear Safety (1976), 17(1) 68. 

Vertiefende Analyse zu Umweltschutz und Innovation. Study commissioned by the Federal Ministry for Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU) and the Federal Environment Agency (UBA). Berlin DIW, Fraunhofer-ISI, Roland Berger. 

Are you interested in the different safety concerns related to Canadian nuclear reactors, and the steps that are being taken to counter these concerns Contact the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) or explore their web site. (The CNSC is the Ottawa-based government watchdog for the use of nuclear energy in Canada.)... 

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