Metalworking fluid synthetic

Antarol. [Aquatec Quimica SA] Mineral oil/organic blends antifoamer for metalworking fluids, synthetic adhesives, latex systems, agtk. formulations, mining, polymerization, prdnts, fermentation industries. 

Rewolub. [RewoGmbH] Lubricant for metalworking fluids, synthetic cooling oils, textile auxiliaries. 

Poly(alkylene glycol)s are also used as lubricity additives ia water-based synthetic cutting and grinding fluids (36), and ia aqueous metalworking fluids. Under the high frictional heating at the tool or die contact with the workpiece, the polyalkylene glycol comes out of solution ia fine droplets which coat the hot metal surfaces. 

Metalworking fluids contain mineral oils (refer to p. 80) or synthetic lubricants they are used neat or in admixture with water. They may contain small amounts of biocides, stabilizers, emulsifiers, coiTosion inhibitors, fragrances and extreme pressure additives. The formulations render them suitable for application to metal being worked, generally from a recirculatory system, to provide lubrication, corrosion protection, swarf removal and cooling of the tool and machined surface. 

Synthetic metalworking fluids, 15 240,1 22 Synthetic/modified drying oils,. 9 148-152 Synthetic natural gas (SNG)... 

The shift from straight oils to synthetics has resulted mainly from machine improvement and increased restrictions on the disposal of oil and grease. Thus, metalworking fluids have been modified with water to minimize disposal problems and with chemicals to preserve the fluids and to accom modate higher speeds while increasing tool life. 

The massive contamination of NDE1A in alkaline synthetic fluids (3%) found by Fan et al Q) cannot be explained by known nitrosation kinetics of di- or triethanolamine. Instead, more powerful nitrosation routes, possibly involving nitrogen oxide (N0X) derivatives (e.g., N02> N O t) may be responsible for the amounts of NDE1A in these products (34). In fact, a nitrite-free commercial concentrate was shown to accumulate NDE1A up to about 10 0 days at which time the levels dropped dramatically (19). Inhibition of N0X contaminants may be an effective route to the inhibition of nitrosamine formation in metalworking fluids. 

Epidemiological studies relevant to the evaluation of di- and triethanolamine and jV-nitrosodiethanolamine involve occupational cohorts exposed to metalworking fluids. Metalworking fluids can be divided into four broad categories straight oils, soluble oils, semi-synthetic and synthetic fluids. 

There are three major types of metalworking fluid straight (generally mineral oils), soluble (straight oils diluted with water and additives) and synthetic (water and addi-... 

Eisen et al. (1992) performed a cohort mortality study of 46 384 workers employed for three or more years before 1985 in three United States auto parts manufacturing facilities. Exposure to all three types of metalworking fluid (straight oils (insoluble or cutting oils), soluble oils (water-miscible or emulsifier oils) and synthetic oils (chemical fluids, containing ethanolamines)), the last two introduced in the 1940s, existed and no... 

Table 6. Results of epidemiological studies of cohorts exposed to soluble and synthetic metalworking fluids... 

Two cohort studies, two proportionate mortality studies and two nested case-control studies looked at cancer mortality or incidence among workers using metalworking fluids with ethanolamines as additives, with or without sodium nitrite. Small excesses were observed for cancers at various sites, in particular, stomach, oesophagus and larynx. In most of these studies, only associations with use of soluble oils or synthetic fluids were presented and no results were given specifically in relation to triethanolamine exposure. It is difficult to draw conclusions regarding triethanolamine using data from studies of exposures to these complex mixtures. 

Comparison of data from three studies (Williams et al, 1978 410-4150 mg/kg Fadlallah eta/., 1990 synthetic, 36-95 ppm soluble, 5-35 ppm Fadlallah eta/., 1997 soluble, 0.02-7.5 ppm none in insoluble oils) indicates that concentrations of A-nitroso-diethanolamine in metalworking fluids used in Canada have declined over a period of two decades. 

Cimcool Cimstar 60 [MilacronJ. TMfor a general purpose semi-synthetic metalworking fluid with extreme pressure additive for a variety of multi-metal applications. 

TM for a heavy duty synthetic metalworking fluid for ferrous metal removal operations. 

Etbylflo. [Ethyl] Polyalphaolefins synthetic lubricants for automotive cr -case oils, hydraulic fluids, gear and transmission fluids, comptesscv lubricants, metalworking fluids, personal care items. 

The sodium salt of N-hydroxy-2-pyridinethiones has a germicidal activity againts yeasts and fungi. Sodium omadine is a 40% aqueous solution of sodium pyrithione. It is used in the metallurgical industry as a component of water-based metalwork fluids, of aceto-polyvinyl lattices, water-based printer s ink, lubricant for synthetic fibers and anti-dandruff shampoos. A case was reported in a metallurgic worker. 

Metalworking Fluids—Fluids that are involved in metalworking procedures, including straight oil, soluble oil, semisynthetic oil, and synthetic oil. 

A grinder test was developed to correlate the mist reduction observed in the spray pattern analysis test with an actual metalworking operation. Both a semisynthetic which contains 10% emulsified oil and a synthetic metalworking fluid which contains no mineral oil, were used during the machining of steel bar stocks. 

The amount of aerosol mist was established for the baseline synthetic metalworking fluid and was assigned the value of 0% mist reduction. The synthetic metalworking fluid was additized with 1000 ppm of a 1 million MW PEO polymer. In this fluid, this PEO polymer caused a 100% increase in mist within minutes upon addition to the machining operation (Figure 5). Treatment of this metalworking fluid with 1000 ppm of the 300,000 MW PEO polymer caused a 60% increase in the amount of mist. 

The synthetic metalworking fluid was additized with 1000 ppm of Polymer D and which provided an immediate 60% reduction in mist and this was maintained throughout the 1.5 hr of machining (Figure 5). 

The differences in mist suppression performance for the polymer types tested may be attributed to either the solubility variations of the polymers in the two types of metalworking fluids and/or to interactions of the polymer with components in the metalworking fluid. PEO polymers had initial mist suppression performance in the 10% semisynthetic fluid even though there was a loss in performance after short time period of machining. However, in synthetic fluids these polymers generated more mist than the baseline. The solubility of the PEO polymers in these fluids was not determined therefore, it can not be ascertained whether the polymers were in solution... 

The use of a series of vegetable oils including canola oil as base fluids for industrial and automotive applications has been discussed in the Uterature (Erhan and Perez, 2002). These vegetable oil-based products were prepared by chemical modifications of the epoxidized vegetable oils to produce environmentally friendly hydraulic fluids, lubricants, metalworking fluids and diesel engine oils. Environmentally friendly, nontoxic and biodegradable motor oil based on canola (Johnson et al., 2002) has shown superior properties compared with synthetic and conventional motor oils. 

Chem. Descrip. Mixed fatty acid diethanolamide containing excess diethanolamine Uses Solubilizer, vise, builder, detergent, lubricant in synthetic and semisynthetic metalworking fluids, floor cleaners, paint strippers, buffing compds. contributes to corrosion resistance sec. emulsifier for sol. oils Properties Gardner 4.5 water-sol. sp.gr. 1.01 dens. 8.4 Ib/gal vise. 525 cSt (40 C) pour pt. -1 C acid no. 50 pH 9.7 (1% aq.)... 

Uses Secondary emulsifier in semi-synthetic and soluble oil metalworking fluids secondary emulsifier and lubricity arlditive in rolling oils and drawing fluids for nonfenous metals. 

Uses Emulsifier in synthetic and semi-synthetic metalworking fluids. 

Uses Corrosion inhibitor for sol, oils, semi-synthetics, metalworking fluids, slushing oils, preservative lubricants, general-purpose emulsion-based rust preventives, solvent degreasers sec. emulsifier... 

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