Oils, cutting

Cutter Cutting Cuttingfluids Cuttingmills Cutting oils Cutting tools... 

Dipropylene glycol is produced in the manufacture of propylene glycol and finds utiUty as an indirect food additive, in brake-fluid formulations, cutting oils, soaps, and solvents. Tripropylene glycol also finds use as a solvent, as textile soaps, and as lubricants (273). 

The selection of chlorinated paraffin and the level of additives to a lubricating oil depends on the type of appHcation and the severity of the operation. An approximate guide for the formulation of straight-cutting oils for metal-working is as foUows ... 

Antimussol Sandoz AG textile and paper industries, cutting oils... 

Natural products Vegetable oils waxes, mineral oils plus their sulfated derivatives (including those of animal oils and fats) Sugar extraction glue manufacture cutting oils... 

The fluids have also found a number of uses in medicine. Barrier creams based on silicone fluids have been found to be particularly useful against the cutting oils in metal machinery processes which are common industrial irritants. The serious and often fatal frothy bloat suffered by ruminants can be countered by the use of small quantities of silicone fluid acting as an antifoam. 

Cutting oils (the inhibitor or antiseptic they contain) Urethane... 

Cutting oil, motor oil, lubricating oil or transmission fluid should be reported as petroleum oil. 

Free naphthenic acids are corrosive and are mainly used as their salts and esters. The sodium salts are emulsifying agents for preparing agricultural insecticides, additives for cutting oils, and emulsion breakers in the oil industry. 

Polychlorination, on the other hand, can he carried out on the whole range of n-paraffins from C10-C30 at a temperature range of 80-120°C (using a high Cl2/paraffm ratio). The product has a chlorine content of approximately 70%. Polychloroparaffins are used as cutting oil additives, plasticizers, and retardant chemicals. 

The process is used mostly for industrial separations, such as the removal of yeast from beer or the recovery of emulsified cutting oils. It has been proposed as a pretreatment to RO for fouling waters, but the economics do not yet look attractive. 

Two factors militate against the universal use of water-based fluids. Very severe machining operations call for a lubrication performance that is beyond the capacity of such fluids, and the design of some machine tools means that water cannot be used because of the risk of cross-contamination with machine lubricants. In these instances, neat cutting oil is the only fluid that can provide the required performance. 

Small additions of fatty oils improve the oiliness or anti-friction characteristics, and cutting oils reinforced in... 

For the more difficult operations, neat oils containing EP (extreme-pressure) additives have to be used. The EP cutting oils usually contain additives based on sulfur or chlorine, or combinations of them. The sulfur in EP oil can be present in two forms. In the inactive fluid, it is chemically combined with a fatty-oil additive, which is blended with mineral oil to produce sulfured fatty oil. The active version, on the other hand, contains sulfur in elemental form, dissolved in mineral oil the fluid is known as sulfured mineral oil. Chlorine is usually present only as chlorinated paraffin, which is blended sometimes singly with mineral oils and sometimes in combination with fatty oils and sulfured additives. 

Since corrosion inhibitors are used in a wide range of applications, no universal test method exists. Recognised methods tend to relate to a product or process in which the inhibitor forms a part rather than to the inhibitor per se. Thus, tests exist for inhibited coolants, cooling waters, cutting oils, pickling liquids, etc. 

Typical BW antifoam emulsion products include SAG 10 and SAG 30 (10 and 30% milky white emulsions, each with a viscosity of 2,000 cS at 25 °C) from Union Carbide Corporation. These same products also are used for food processing (under FDA 21CFR 173.340), for petroleum processing (as amine scrubbers, gas-oil separators, etc.), and as functional chemicals (antifreezes, hydraulic fluids, cutting oils, etc.). 

A second group of alkylpolyoxyalkylene carboxylates, mostly used in technical application such as cutting oils, are the alkylpolyoxypropylenepolyoxy-ethylene carboxymethylates with the structure ... 

Meijer (64) describes the improved hard water stability of a cutting oil formulation over a long range of water hardness traject by using a C6-C8 ether carboxylic acid. Ether carboxylic acids are in this case also used as emulsifiers in the production of microemulsions [64]. 

Emulsifiers are used in many technical applications. Emulsions of the oil-in-water and the water-in-oil type are produced on a large scale in the cosmetic industry. Other fields of employment are polymerization of monomers in emulsions and emulsification of oily and aqueous solutions in lubricants and cutting oils. In enhanced oil recovery dispersing of crude oil to emulsions or even microemulsions is the decisive step. 

Mineral oils are widely used as lubricants, cutting oils, soluble oil coolants etc. 

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