Kinetic dynamic

Dynamic instability of microtubules, MICROTUBULE ASSEMBLY KINETICS Dynamic light scattering,... 

Van Boxtel CJ, Holford NHG, Danhof M, editors. The in vivo study of drug action. Principles and applications of kinetic-dynamic modelling. Amsterdam Elsevier 1992. 

The rate of chemical reactions can be described at two levels dynamics and kinetics. Dynamics is the description of the rate of transformation for individual molecules. The molecule has a well-defined energy, it may even start in a well-defined quantum state. There is no temperature. Temperature is a property of a large number of molecules, not individual molecules. 

Greenblatt, D J., Harmatz, J.S., Gonthro, T.A., et a/. Distinguishing a benzodiazepine agonist ( triazolam) from a nonagonist anxiolytic (buspirone) by electroencephalography kinetic-dynamic studies. CHn. Pharmacol. Ther. 56, 100— 111, 1994. 

Although, relevant information about ferrous hemeproteins kinetics, dynamics and ligand photodissociation pathways has been obtain, less is known about ferric hemeproteins photophysic processes. Recent studies performed with Hbl-CN and Mb-CN at ultrafast time scale, have suggested that some of the transients intermediaries observed after ferrous complexes ligand photodissociation are observed in ferric Mb and Hbl [7], However, time-resolved infrared data shows that the complex remained six coordinated after photoexcitation. In this work we present ultrafast data on ferric Hbl-NO, HM-N3, HM-H2S and metHbl complexes that suggest a mechanism for the photoinduced reduction of Hbl species. 

This monograph deals with kinetics, not with dynamics. Dynamics, the local (coupled) motion of lattice constituents (or structure elements) due to their thermal energy is the prerequisite of solid state kinetics. Dynamics can explain the nature and magnitude of rate constants and transport coefficients from a fundamental point of view. Kinetics, on the other hand, deal with the course of processes, expressed in terms of concentration and structure, in space and time. The formal treatment of kinetics is basically phenomenological, but it often needs detailed atomistic modeling in order to construct an appropriate formal frame (e.g., the partial differential equations in space and time). 

Brezonik, P.L., Principles of linear free energy and structure-activity relationships and their applications to the fate of chemicals in aquatic systems, in Chemical Kinetic Dynamic in Aquatic Systems, Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL, 1994, pp. 113-143. 

Table 3 Options for Pharmacodynamic Endpoints in Kinetic-Dynamic Studies of GABA-Benzodiazepine Agonist Drugs...

The general methods of preparation of phosphole oxides, sulfides, and selenides have been described in Section 3.15.5.1.3. A tentative resolution of chiral phosphole 76 under kinetic dynamic resolution conditions is noteworthy, despite only low enantioselectivities (10-20%) having been obtained (Scheme 20) <2004TA3519>. 

Another burst of activity in free radical research occurred in the 1960s and 1970s, after several reports of anomalous intensities in the EPR spectra of photochemically or radiolytically produced radicals, and in the NMR spectra of the products from free radical reactions in solution." " These so-called chemically induced magnetic spin polarization (CIDNP and CIDEP) phenomena provided a wealth of mechanistic, kinetic, dynamic, and structural information and were a cornerstone of carbon-centered free radical research for the better part of three decades. The umbrella term for this area of research is spin chemistry, which is defined as the chemistry of spin-selective processes. 

Effect on kinetics/dynamics Risk factors for side effects ... 

Kinetics of Interface Reactions, M. Grunze, H.J. Kreuzer. Eds., Springer (1986). (Proceedings of a workshop, kinetics, dynamics versus thermodynamics.)... 

W. H. Weinberg, Kinetics of Surface Reactions , Advances in Gas-Phase Photochemistry and Kinetics Dynamics of Gas-Surface Interactions, Eds. C. T. Rettner and M. N. R. Ashfold (The Royal Society of Chemistry, North Yorkshire, Great Britain, 1991) pp. 171-219. 

Part of the answer to the arguments has been the recent measurement of the NP values of specihc minerals (Jambor et al., 2002), and the replacement, by some regulatory agencies, of the absolute value of NNP, adopting in its place the ratio of NP/AP for environmental assessments. Like other environmental parameters, the ratio deemed to be appropriate is different in various jurisdictions. Whether NNP values or NP/AP ratios are used, however, commonly they are but one part of a more comprehensive, site-specific environmental evaluation that includes kinetic (dynamic) laboratory tests. 

Designing chemicals that are less toxic is one of the principles of green chemistry and the focus of this chapter is to present an expansion of this principle into a comprehensive approach for designing safer chemicals that can be used in the classroom. The same tools of chemistry used to examine structure, kinetics, dynamics and mechanisms that have revolutionized the electronics, transportation, and communication industries can also be used to design minimal hazard into chemical products. Minimized hazard needs to be understood as a performance criterion in the design of safer chemicals. The existence of hazard should be recognized as a design flaw. 

Tullock W, Scott V, Smith DA, Phillips L, Cook DR. Kinetics/dynamics of 51W89 in liver transplant patients and in healthy patients. Anesthesiology 1994 81 A1076. 

Physiochemical constraints, e.g. - energetics, kinetics, dynamic behavior... 

Process Reaction systems (Chemical Kinetics) Dynamics... 

R. Wills, A kinetic/dynamic perspective of a peptide and protein GRF and rHuIFN-alpha-2a in Peptides, Peptoids, and Proteins (Eds. P. Garzone, W. Colburn, M. Mokotoff), Harvey Whitney Books, Cincinnati, OH, 1991, pp. 117-127. 

Sanathanan, L. P, Random effects modehng in population kinetic/dynamic analysis, Drug Inf J., 25 307-318, 1991. 

Some properties of a drug or its class may make it insensitive to ethnic factors. This will make it easier for extrapolation to different regions and reduce the need for bridging clinical data. Properties that make it susceptible to ethnic influences see likelihood Ethnic Sensitive/Insensitive in Table 29.1 will require bridging studies, sometimes of pharmaco-kinetics/dynamics studies or safety and efficacy either or both. 

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