After the Observation

A brief post-observation discussion should be held with the employee. One of two things should be done. When the job was done as required, the employee should be complimented. Recognition, when deserved and when sincerely given, will reinforce safe behavior. This acts as a positive motivation for the worker. Any unsafe behavior seen during the observation should be discussed. If the employee performed in an unsafe manner, the supervisor should discuss what occurred and get the employee s reasons for doing the job as it was done. 

The concern now is not with what has been done, but with changing the employee s behavior so the same thing is not done in the future. The supervisor must take required corrective action and should give the reasons behind the measures. The post-observation conference should always end with the feeling that things are right between the supervisor and the employee. 

DEALING WITH UNSAFE BEHAVIORS OR POOR PERFORMANCE 

Let s trace the steps of the Dealing With Unsafe Performance diagram. The first area is to Identify the Performanee Problem. In this area the performance problem may be someone s actual performance and his or her desired performance. 

Is the problem worth solving Not every performance problem is worth solving. The problem needs to be evaluated realistically. What impact will the performance problem have on doing the job safely If the problem has or can have no adverse impact, then ignore it. 

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An illustration of an operations research problem for which no model is yet available is the following, which occurs in queueing theory.4 Everyone has observed, and perhaps been displeased to notice, persons in a waiting line, before a theater box-office, for example, who arrive after the observer s arrival, but who go to persons in front to solicit their cooperation in obtaining service. Thus, an... 

The difference between the expected demands d used in the model and the realization of an actual demand d causes a model mismatch. The scheduler corrects this error after the observation of this demand in a reactive manner by the production decisions taken at the beginning of the next period. For example, the decisions taken in period i = 1 take the expected value of the demand di into account (di = 6) while the decisions taken in period i = 2 take the true value into account. When di = 0, the large storage causes a relatively low production in the next period [xiih) = 5) whereas in case of d = 12, a deficit results and the production of the next period is larger (x2(t2) = 12). The sequence of decisions is a function of the observed demands and thus the sequence varies over the scenarios. 

The set of variables is extended by the correction decisions that are made after the observations. 

All remaining decisions can be made after the observation of the outcome of uncertain parameters, either in the detailed scheduler or by decisions of the aggregated problem which are taken later. Thus, these decisions are considered as second-stage decisions. Consequently, the vector of second-stage decisions ya consists of all production decisions of the periods i > h and all continuous variables of the cost model for all periods. 

Shortly after the observation of visible PL from micro PS at room temperature [Cal], the first EL from a solid-state device was reported [Ri2]. This initiated vigorous research, because silicon-based optoelectronic devices seemed to be within reach. After several years of intense research the potential and the main problems involved with the EL from PS have been clarified. 

Chromium was proposed as an essential element after the observation that rats fed with Torula yeast developed impaired glucose tolerance.1085 The active ingredient in other yeasts was suggested to be a chromium complex, named the glucose-tolerance factor . Brewers yeast contains chromium in the range 0.35-5.4 xgg-1.1086... 

More correct ideas about the polymerization came out after the observation was made, that the polymerization induced by sodium caprolactam starts with a characteristic induction period (67, 68). Beginning with a practically zero rate, the polymerization goes on with increasing velocity up to a maximal value (curve A on fig. I). The induction period indicates that certain active groups are formed by an independent process. The previous assumption of a disproportionation reaction adopted by Hanford and Joyce (42) can be supported by model reactions like the disproportionation of acetamide, benzamide (24, 57) or N-butylacetamide (68) in the presence of the respective sodium salts. 

Under crystallization conditions, two Ca2+ ions were bound to the enzyme [23]. This was expected after the observation of Price, who reported that DNase I has two strongCr binding sites at pH 7.5 besides several weaker sites [24], One... 

The first definitive studies were performed in Britain during World War II by Charlotte Auerbach.19 After the observation that injuries from war gases resembled x-ray burns, Auerbach demonstrated unequivocally that mustard gas induced sex-linked recessive lethal mutations in Drosophila. At about the same time, I. A. Rapoport361 independently reported that several other chemicals induced gene mutations and chromosomal aberrations. Their work ushered in the era of chemical studies of mutation, and within a few years a large number of chemical mutagens had been identified. 

Their study 51 52i was undertaken after the observation of the nitrogen resonance in some simple terms 531... 

Tabulate and graph data for numbers of acorns consumed after the observation periods (Data Sheet 5.1). 

It is of interest that within several years after the observations of Hopkinson et al. (H13), other human erythrocytic enzymes such as phosphoglucomutase, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphogluco-nate dehydrogenase, adenylate kinase, peptidase, and adenosine deaminase were explored intensively with respect to their polymorphism (H2, HU). However, we shall concern ourselves here only with acid phosphatase. 

Potentiation of the effects of vitamin K antagonists by high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone has been prospectively studied in 10 consecutive patients and 5 controls after the observation of a sharp increase in the International Normalized Ratio (INR) in a patient taking oral anticoagulation after concomitant administration of methylprednisolone (1 g/day for 3 days) (262). The mean INR was 2.8 (range 2.0-3.8) at baseline and increased to 8.0 (5.3-20). The maximum increase in INR occurred after a mean of 93 (29-156) hours. The coumarins taken by these patients were fluindione in eight and acenocoumarol in two. The prothrombin time in the controls... 

After the observed (sub)machine has entered into the infinite cycle, which takes place in a finite time, and has gone through this cycle twice it is halted by the signal from the observing machine. 

The transfer reaction catalyzed by rat hver a(2 — 6) sialyltransferase using 13 and A-acetyllactosamine as the substrates displayed kinetically significant substrate binding. Even after the observed KIEs for 13 were corrected, they were still too low for any mechanism involving only chemical steps, suggesting that a nonchemical step was kinetically signihcant (Table 5). 

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