Sensitiveness insensitiveness

Output sensitivity to flow rate Sensitive Sensitive Insensitive... 

Sensitivity to flow fluctuations Sensitive Insensitive Insensitive... 

The characteristics of this explosive are calculated density (X-ray diffraction) =1.865gem"3, impact sensitivity (h50% for 5 kg weight) =70cm, friction sensitivity = insensitive, temperature of decomposition (DSC) ca. 350°C and VOD = 8200 ms"1. The data confirm that DANTNP is slightly more powerful while its impact insensitivity is of the order of TATB [174]. 

Catalysis of cyclohexene hydrogenation has been studied extensively both in the vapour and liquid phases on platinum ", palladium and other metallic surfaces. Here the kinetics of the cyclohexene hydrogenation on platinum have been considered lu terms of the specific activities of samples of silica-supported platinum, previously characterised by hydrogen chemisorption. Particular attention has been paid to the structure sensitivity-insensitivity of the reaction and how this varies as carbonaceous overlayers are built up on the catalysts with increasing reaction time. 

An important issue with MCA is that two samples are required for the analysis. This is sometimes a problem, especially in cancer, where proper control samples are not always available. Thus, a popular alternative approach is differential methylation hybridization (50). In this approach, DNA from one single sample is split into two independent pools of DNA. One of them is treated with a combination of sensitive-insensitive nucleases, in a similar way than MCA. The other one is processed in the absence of nucleases (mock treated). This produces a parallel of DNA that is subsequently amplified by PCR and labeled with fluorescent dyes. In this case, the difference in signal intensity can be used as an assessment of the methylation at different DNA loci. This is a relative method that allows determining differences in methylation across different samples. As in MCA, it has been used with success in identifying novel markers in different types of cancer (51). 

Some properties of a drug or its class may make it insensitive to ethnic factors. This will make it easier for extrapolation to different regions and reduce the need for bridging clinical data. Properties that make it susceptible to ethnic influences see likelihood Ethnic Sensitive/Insensitive in Table 29.1 will require bridging studies, sometimes of pharmaco-kinetics/dynamics studies or safety and efficacy either or both. 

UVATS photometers can be used for HPLC. These detectors are ineiqiensive, sensitive, insensitive to normal flow and temperature fluctuations, and well suited for gradient elution. They are however, sample selective, as onty those sample molecules which absorb at 254 nm or 280 nm can be detected. Thus, lipids, carbohydrates, fatty acids, hydrocarbons etc., are undetectable by these detectors. 

Random variations in experimental conditions also introduce uncertainty. If a method s sensitivity is highly dependent on experimental conditions, such as temperature, acidity, or reaction time, then slight changes in those conditions may lead to significantly different results. A rugged method is relatively insensitive to changes in experimental conditions. 

The thermospray inlet/ion source does not produce a good percentage yield of ions from the original sample, even with added salts (Figure 11.2). Often the original sample is present in very tiny amounts in the solution going into the thermospray, and the poor ion yield makes the thermo-spray/mass spectrometer a relatively insensitive combination when compared with the sensitivity attainable by even quite a modest mass spectrometer alone. Various attempts have been made to increase the ion yield. One popular method is described here. 

By placing a suitable detector at the focus (a point detector), the arrival of ions can be recorded. Point detectors are usually a Faraday cup (a relatively insensitive device) or, more likely, an electron multiplier (a very sensitive device) or, less likely, a scintillator (another sensitive device). 

The specific surface, a, is also relatively insensitive to the duid dynamics, especially in low viscosity broths. On the other hand, it is quite sensitive to the composition of the duid, especially to the presence of substances which inhibit coalescence. In the presence of coalescence inhibitors, the Sauter mean bubble size, is significantly smaller (24), and, especially in stirred bioreactors, bubbles very easily circulate with the broth. This leads to a large hold-up, ie, increased volume fraction of gas phase, 8. Sp, and a are all related... 

The performance of a magnet is characterized by a combination of B and For static appHcations at high B/]1 H, the (BH) value can be used. For dynamic appHcations, however, is less indicative, because it is hardly sensitive or even insensitive to improved values. In that case the... 

There is a drive to develop insensitive or less sensitive munitions, ie, those less likely to accidental or sympathetic detonation. A leading candidate is 3-nitro-l,2,4-triazolin-5-one [930-33-6] (59), made by the reaction of semicarbazide and formic acid to give l,2,4-triazolin-5-one [932-64-9] foUowed by nitration of the triazolone (218). 

The insensitivity of nitromethane to detonation by shock under normal conditions of handling has been demonstrated by a number of fljH-scale tests. Sensitivity to shock increases with temperature at 60° C, nitromethane can be detonated by a No. 8 blasting cap. Nitroethane can be initiated only when heated near its boiling point under heavy confinement neither it or the nitropropanes can be detonated in unconfined conditions. 

Ammonium nitrate is normally classified as an oxidizing agent. The pure salt is not classed as an explosive because it is difficult to detonate. Spark, flame, or friction do not cause detonation, and ammonium nitrate is relatively insensitive to shock. However, a variety of substances, such as chloride and oil, are known to sensitize the material, so manufacturers strive to eliminate such substances from their processes. 

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