Food contact biocides

Biocides are naturally toxic to lower organisms and therefore must be handled with care. Strict government rules control the sale and use of biocides, especially those used in food contact applications. They are added at the fabrication stage. The morphology of the polymer article is important, e.g., high surface area articles, such as foams, biodegrade more rapidly. 

The data required for the risk assessment in relation to human health can be categorized as data on the identity of the substance, its physico-chemical and toxicological properties, and on exposure. The minimum data set required for a risk assessment depends on the chemical use category (industrial chemical, pesticide, biocide, food additive, food contact material, etc.), the regulation involved, and the goal of the risk assessment. This chapter will focus on the data used in the hazard assessment. 

Often, the output of the hazard (effects) assessment (e.g., the NOAEL) leads directly to the establishment of a regulatory standard, for example the derivation of an acceptable or tolerable daily intake (ADI/TDI) (Section 5.12) for a chemical in relation to a specific use category such as, e.g., pesticide, biocide, food additive, food contact material, etc. 

Table 2.7 Toxicology testing recommendations for food contact substances based on dietary concentration (EXT) and corresponding estimated daily intake (EDI) values. Note that the cumulative exposures are based on non-biocidal chemicals biocidal tiers are one-fifth the cumulative dietary concentration (CDC) and cumulative estimated daily intake (CEDI) values expressed. DC and CDC values are in units of mass of migrant per mass food consumed. EDI and CEDI values are in units of mass of migrant per person per day. Abbreviations are as follows p,g (microgram), kg (kilogram), mg (milligram), < (less than or equal to), < (less than), > (greater than), and > (greater than or equal to)...

Table 7.1 Toxicology testing recommendations for food contact substances based on dietary concentration (DC) and corresponding estimated daily intake (EDI) values. Note that the cumulative exposures are based on non-biocidal chemicals biocidal tiers are one-fifth the cumulative dietary concentration (CDC) and cumulative estimated daily intake (CEDI) values expressed...

Bronopol Good antibacterial activity Indirect food contact approvals Not a sensitiser Acceptable environmental profile Fast kill rate Excellent in combination with isothiazolone biocides Performance gap against yeast Poor heat and alkali stability Less cost effective than CIT/MIT... 

CAS 2634-33-5 EINECS/ELINCS 220-120-9 Uses Biocide, preservative, bactericide, fungicide for water-based prods, incl. adhesives, polymer emulsions, fountain sol ns., metalworking fluids, and paints preservative for food-contact adhesives, paper, polymer emulsions slimicide for food-contact paper mfg. 

Chem. Descrip. Glutaraldehyde CAS 111-30-8 EINECS/ELINCS 203-856-5 Uses Biocide, preservative for aq. systems and cleaners disinfectant in industrial water treatment, incl. paper prod., cooling towers, heat exchangers, oil recovery, and sugar refining food pkg. adhesives, paper food-contact slimicide preservative for chain lubricants, detergents, paper... 

Chem. Descrip. 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one aq. sol n. in propylene glycol Uses Biocide effective against bacteria, yeast, and fungi for use in latexes, emulsion paint, aq. slurries, adhesives, tape joint compds., o/w emulsions, paper coating compositions, pesticides, water-based inks, hides and skins USDA approved for paints used in Federally inspected plants and packing adhesives having min. contact with meat or poultry food prods. food pkg. adhesives, paper food-contact slimicide Features Heat-stable, readily degradable In environment low corrosivity no formaldehyde released... 

Uses Chem. intermediate corrosion inhibitor in aq. systems, antifreezes, hydraulic fluids, coolants, air conditioning/refrigeration systems collector in extraction of metals from sulfite or oxide compds. in froth flotation water treatment agent biocide bactericide fungicide food pkg. adhesives resinous/polymeric food-contact coatings defoamer in paper coatings, food-contact paper slimicide in food-contact paper food-contact textiles, glue... 

Uses Biocide, slimicide, preservative for use in water treatment, paper, antifoulant paint, surf, coatings, adhesives, drilling muds, leather, timber presenration food-contact paper food-contact slimicide Features Thermally stable to 80 C nonoxidizing requires formulation in a solv. 

Uses Biocide microbiostatpresenrative for aq. formulations, latex emulsions, adhesives, metalworking fluids, aq. paints, casein and rosin disps., textile spin finishes, pesticides, inks, slurries, food-pkg. adhesives, polishes, leather processing sol ns. antimicrobial in cosmetics preservative for animal hides and skins preservative in paper/paper-board in contact with aqTfatty/dry foods slimicide in food-contact pa-per/paperboard biocide in food-contact uncured liq. rubber latex Regulatory FDA 21CFR 175.105,176.170,176.180,176.300 Mam JDistrib. Avecia PMC Spec. Sinochem Jiangsu Wuxi Troy... 

Uses Antimicrobial, preservative for adhesives, coatings, paints, starch, pigment and extender slurries, latexes, antifoam emulsions, inks, textiles, pharmaceuticals, cooling towers preservative, bactericide in cos-metics/toiletries biocide in metalworking fluids, industrial water systems, pulp/paper antiseptic in food-pkg. adhesives antimicrobial preservative for fillers, pigment slurries, starch sizing sol ns., and latex coatings for food-contact paper/paperboard slimicide in food-contact paper/paperboard Features Broad spectrum Use Level 0.01-0.1%... 

HMIS Health 3, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Uses External germicide biocide disinfectant antimicrobial, preservative for paints, latex coatings, emulsions, adhesives, glues, gums, textiles, leather goods, pharmaceuticals, topicals, esp. for starch and casein-based systems antiseptic defoamer in food-contact coatings and paper/paperboard preservative in food-contact animal glues Use Level 0.1-0.15% (injectables), 0.075-0.12% (topicals)... 

Uses Biocide in water treatment systems, pulp/paper prods. antimicro-biai in paper/paperboard in contact with nonalcoholic/dry foods siimicide in food-contact paper/paperboard Regulatory FDA 21CFR 176.170,176.300 Manuf./Distrib. ONDEO Naico Trade Names Metasoi 350... 

Uses Biocide for water treatment, cooling water systems, evaporate condensers, pulp/paper, antifoulant paints, leather, timber preservation, oil well brines and drilling muds wood preservative (stops wood rot, termite attack, mildew, and decay) algicide fungicide bactericide slimicide in paper mills, food-contact paper/paperboard preservative for paints, adhesives, syn. polymer latexes, latex emulsions antimicrobial for aq. prods., thickeners, slurries Regulatory FDA 21 CFR 176.300... 

Uses Preservative and mildew Inhibitor for paper, textiles, food-pkg. adhesives biocide for rubber, wax corrosion inhibitor for nonferrous metals, antifreeze, hydraulic fluid, coolants metal deactivator flotation collector chemical intermediate copper corrosion inhibitor in water treatment protects starch and casein coatings from bacterial or fungal activity preservative for defoamers in food-contact coatings and paper/paperboard slimicide in food-contact paper/paperboard preservative in food-contact textiles and animal glues Regulatay FDA 21 CFR 175.105,176.200,176.210,176.300,177.2800, 178.3120,181.30... 

Uses Rubber vulcanization accelerator agric. fungicide biocide for water treatment, paper sizing, adhesives preservative for starch and syn. latex adhesives, food-pkg. adhesives, food-contact animal glues mold inhibitor for unmodified latex paints accelerator in food-contact mbber articles for repealed use... 

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