Food contact applications

In 1998 it was also announced that PEEK had obtained FDA approval for food contact applications. This raises the possibility of the material being used for such purposes as food containers, bearings and seals for processing equipment and as a coating for metals in non-stick cookware. 

Another concern, is the potential reactivity of 10 as a transfer agent under polymerization conditions (see 3.3.1.1.4).103 Tetramethylsuccinonitrile (9) appears to be essentially inert under polymerization conditions. However, the compound is reported to be toxic and may be a problem in polymers used in food contact applications.1" 30 Methacrylonitrile (MAN) formed by disproportionation readily copolymerizes.7"34 The copolymerized MAN may affect the thermal stability of polymers. A suggestion103 that copolymerized MAN may be a "weak link" in PS initiated with AIBN has been disputed.14... 

Acetaldehyde is formed during the degradation of PET. Vinyl ester endgroups formed during thermal degradation of PET liberate vinyl alcohol on transesterification with hydroxyethylterephthalate polymeric endgroups (Fig. 10.6). The vinyl alcohol tautomerizes to form acetaldehyde, which can affect the taste of foods in PET food contact applications.1... 

The dialkyltin compounds show a similar trend of decreasing toxicity with increasing length of the alkyl chain, and certain di-n-octyltin derivatives have been used for many years in food-contact applications, as described in Section V. 

In some cases, bacterial spores can also be passed onto the paper sheet and these can withstand the short exposure to high temperature drying. Hence these spores can remain on the paper sheet and if used in food contact applications, could lead to this paper being rejected under quality control procedures. 

U. SchOnhausen, Positive List I. Additives for Plastics, Elastomers and Synthetic Fibres for Food Contact Applications, Ciba-Geigy Ltd, Basel (1993). 

Furthermore, concentrates may also be used as conventional additives in the same polymer or in different polymers. In this way a substantive antioxidant (or modifier) system can be produced with very high effectiveness especially under aggressive environments. In comparison, under such demanding conditions, conventional antioxidants will not only lead to premature failure of the polymer but also to dangerous situations such as in the case in food contact application (packaging), medical uses of polymers (artificial joints), and failure of aircraft tyres where human lifes are at risk. 

Polyesters exhibit excellent high temperature strength and electrical properties making them a good choice for many demanding applications. They also are physiologically inert allowing them to be used in food contact applications. The two common polyesters, polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, are both used in injection molded products. Polyethylene terephthalate is often used in both extrusion and blow molded processes also. 

Pfaff K (2012) Re-use of recycled materials in food contact applications in the perspective of consumer protection. Platform presentation (overheads) at the RiskCycle Conference risk-based management of chemicals and products in a circular economy at a global scale. 8-9 May 2012, Dresden, Germany (www.wadef.com/projects/riskcycle/)... 

Very few CBAs have been developed for use with polymers for food contact applications. The most commonly used CBA, which has approval, is powdered wax-coated sodium bicarbonate/citric acid, which decomposes at 160-210°C... 

Biocides are naturally toxic to lower organisms and therefore must be handled with care. Strict government rules control the sale and use of biocides, especially those used in food contact applications. They are added at the fabrication stage. The morphology of the polymer article is important, e.g., high surface area articles, such as foams, biodegrade more rapidly. 

Food in the EU as well as by the Ministry of Health and Welfare in Japan to be used in food contact applications. Therefore, it is not expected that a clearance for the use of poly(HAMCL) latex in cheese coatings will be a bottleneck. 

Whilst the pigment has a favourable toxicity profile and a long history of application in sensitive applications such as cosmetics and in food-contact applications, in order to meet the requirements of discerning customers practice sustainable procurement and look for products with a beneficial life cycle analysis. This paper, therefore, outlines the results of a study which shows how a commitment to sustainable manufacture is an essential addition to the favourable toxicity profile. Areas for improvement are recognised and options for renewable energy resources are discussed. 

Brussels, APME, 2003, pp.3, 29 cm, 3/3/05 POLYCARBONATE FOOD CONTACT APPLICATIONS ARE SAFE... 

This presentation discusses current EU chemical legislation and examines the shortcomings of some of the regulations in place with respect to dangerous chemicals. The Commission White Paper is discussed, and in particular, the REACH system which involves the registration, evaluation and authorisation of chemicals used in food-contact applications. The impact of the REACH system on food-contact plastic manufacturers is examined, with respect to suppliers of monomers and additives, plastic manufacturers, converters and packagers. 

This presentation discusses testing implications of the new directive to determine compliance for additives in food contact applications, the responsibilities of the converter and polymer supplier with reference to demonstrating... 

Over the past decades there has been a big increase in chemical legislation this is also true for regulations governing the use of colourants for food-contact applications. The various food-contact regulations worldwide are briefly examined from a pigment manufacturer s point of view. The advantages of getting a product listed by FDA are discussed in detail, not only from the perspective of USA sales but also from that of the supply into other markets. 

Geneva, Switzerland, 4th-6th July 2000, paper 1 DIRECTIVES AND REGULATIONS ON THE USE OF COLOURANTS AND ADDITIVES IN FOOD-CONTACT APPLICATIONS, TOYS AND MEDICAL ARTICLES HaidM BASF AG... 

Franz, R., Recycled Polyethylene terephthalate) for direct food contact application, FDA submission CTS 71903, Petitioner Buhler A. G, Representative Laboratory Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging, Freising, Germany, Petition to the FDA, 2000. 

Diamine curatives were the first cross-linking agents for fluorocarbon mbbers. They are corrosive to mild steel molds and have been replaced in many applications by the bisphenol or other more recent cure systems. Nevertheless, some diamines are still used for food-contact applications of fluorocarbon mbbers and in zinc-free cures of halobutyl mbbers for pharmaceutical stoppers. Methylene dianiline and triethylene tetramine are cross-linking agents for ethylene—acrylic elastomers. 

Food and pharmaceutical grades of calcium carbonate are covered by the Food Chemicals Codex (7) and the United States Pharmacopeia (8) and subject to U.S. Food and Dmg Administration Good Manufacturing Practices (9). Both purity requirements and test methods are available (7,8). Calcium carbonate is listed in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulation as a food additive, and is authorized for use in both paper and plastic food contact applications. 

One approach to reduce the contaminant levels consists in reusing the wasted plastic as the core of the new material. Residues of pesticides or harmful contaminants may limit recycling of plastics as a result of their potential toxicity. Utilisation of post-consumer plastics for pharmaceutical or food-contact applications is forbidden, and multilayer food packaging materials manufactured using functional barriers are subjected to strict regulations [9, 40, 41]. 

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