Casein-based

Milk. Imitation milks fall into three broad categories filled products based on skim milk, buttermilk, whey, or combinations of these synthetic milks based on soybean products and toned milk based on the combination of soy or groundnut (peanut) protein with animal milk. Few caseinate-based products have been marketed (1,22,23). Milk is the one area where nutrition is of primary concern, especially in the diets of the young. Substitute milks are being made for human and animal markets. In the latter area, the emphasis is for products to serve as milk replacers for calves. The composition of milk and filled-milk products based on skim milk can be found in Table 10. Table 15 gives the composition of a whey /huttermilk-solids-hased calf-milk replacer, which contains carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) for proper viscosity of the product. 

Isolated soy proteins have also been used in whipped toppings. Soy-protein-based toppings have a lower protein concentration than caseinate-based toppings. Formulations ate adjusted to protein levels, and higher protein levels can result in off-flavors. Typical formulations for a Hquid frozen, prewhipped product are given in Table 18. 

It is generally not recommended to mix medications directly into the EN formula because of concerns that physical incompatibilities between the medications and the formula might lead to tube occlusion. There is some evidence that polymeric formulas are more likely to demonstrate physical incompatibility with medications compared with monomeric formulas, although most of the work in this area has used casein or caseinate-based formulas, and other proteins may act differently.38 The limited data currently available would indicate that acidic syrups and elixirs may be the worst for causing physical incompatibility when admixed with EN formulas. It has been postulated that this incompatibility is due to changes in the protein structure after exposure to acid or alcohol.38... 

In addition to more rapid absorption of lipids in animals fed casein, another mechanism that may be operative is decreased clearance of circulating lipids. Rabbits fed a casein-based semipurified diet excreted significantly less cholesterol but more bile acids in their feces than animals fed a commercial diet (18). The total sterol excretion in feces of the animals fed the casein diet was half that of the rabbits fed the stock diet. Huff and Carroll (19) found that rabbits fed soy protein had a much faster turnover rate of cholesterol and a significantly reduced rapidly exchangeable cholesterol pool compared with rabbits fed casein. Similar studies performed in our laboratory revealed that the mean transit time for cholesterol was 18.4 days in rabbits fed soy protein, 36.8 days in rabbits fed casein, 33.7 days in rabbits fed soy plus lysine, and 36.3 days in rabbits fed casein plus arginine. These data suggest that addition of lysine to soy protein... 

Dickinson, E. (2006a). Structure formation in casein-based gels, foams, and emulsions. Colloids and Surfaces A Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 288, 3—11. 

The milk protein casein is a well-known self-assembling food protein (see section 1.1 in chapter six for further details). Semo and coworkers (2007) have demonstrated that casein-based nanoparticles reassembled from sodium caseinate and ionic calcium can provide partial protection... 

B. Have students prepare a casein-based gesso ... 

Studies by Whanger et al., (56) has also shown that selenium addition to the drinking water had no influence on tumor incidence of C H/St mice fed a casein based diet regardless of the lipid source used. What dietary factor(s) are accounting for these differences in efficacy remain to be determined. 

Cow s milk (CM) allergy is quite frequent in the first years of human life. When breast-feeding is not possible, a CM substitute is usually provided for allergic subjects. Usually whey- and casein-based extensively hydrolyzed formulas or soy... 

Weatherproof and permanently mold-resistant casein-based laminating glues. (This would include both low-staining formulations for door and millwork assembly and more highly alkaline lumber-laminating adhesives.)... 

In the context of a book on adhesives from renewable resources, blood- and casein-based adhesives are worthy of mention because of their great historical importance to the adhesives industry. Caseins are particularly important because they were the first adhesives recognized for forming structurally capable bonds in wood products. They have been used since 1880 and they are still the preferred materials for many types of bonding due to their excellent adhesive properties and ease of cure. Despite their animal origins, these materials are far from plentiful. This makes them quite expensive in terms of wood adhesives, which is the viewpoint of this discussion. The review of the history, nature, manufacturing, and uses of these materials that follows may help to develop a perspective on their future usefulness to the adhesives industry. 

Figure 3. Growth curves of rats fed casein-based diets containing phytate and calcium. Each line represents the mean of 11 animals. Basal diets contained 6...

Figure 19.3. Sketch of the enzymatic coagulation of casein based on the action of chymosin.

Avena-Bustillos, R.J., and Krochta, J.M. (1993). Water-vapor permeability of caseinate-based edible films as affected by pH, calcium cross-linking and lipid-content. J. FoodSci. 58(4), 904-907. 

Use Fertilizer, animal feed, plastics, chemical intermediate, stabilizer in explosives, medicine (diuretic), adhesives, separation of hydrocarbons (as urea adducts), pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, dentifrices, sulfamic acid production, flameproofing agents, viscosity modifier for starch or casein-based paper coatings, preparation of biuret. 

Among the films invesfigafed, edible films based on proteins showed the best mechanical properties. However, their barrier properties are variable (Kester and Fennema, 1986). The increase of cohesion between protein pol) eptide chains was thought to be effective toward the improvement of the barrier properties of fhe films. For insfance, fhe presence of calcium was reported to decrease the water permeability of caseinate-based film (Avena-Bustillos and Krochta, 1993). 

Casein-based levelling compounds 75-85 Hydrolysis, ammonia, amines, organic sulfur compounds... 

Another important branch of the Italian chemical industry was that of fibres, such as artificial silk derived from cellulose and a casein-based fibre called Lanital. Their dynamic development partially replaced the traditional textiles as a leading export industry, while artificial fibres also replaced significantly cotton, wool and jute imports. More than 80 per cent of the overall output was produced by SNIA Viscosa and CISA Viscosa, two associated firms dominated by the same network of interlinked... 

In the flame test (see Table 3.5), plastics consisting of proteins will smell of burnt horn. The test does not, however, allow a differentiation between casein-based products like galalith and keratin-based horn material. If a sample of hardened casein (e. g., galalith) is boiled in diluted sulfuric acid, it will-after approximately 10 minutes-develop an acrid and cheese-like odor, whereas natural horn will produce an unpleasant smell of horn. 

Casein-based microcapsules produced by enzymatic gelation with transglutaminase... 

Heidebach, T. Foerst, R Kulozik, U., Influence of casein-based microencapsulation on freeze-drying and storage of probiotic cells. Journal of Food Engineering (2010) 98, 309-316. 

Fabra, M.J., Hambleton, A., Talens, R, Debeaufort, R, Chiralt, A., Voilley, A. 2008. Aroma barrier properties of sodium caseinate-based edible films. Biomacromolecules, 9(5) 9, 1406-1410. 

Jagannath, J.H., Radhika, M., Nanjappa, C., Mtirali, H.S., Bawa, A.S. Antimicrobial, mechanical, barrier, and thermal properties of starch-casein based, Neem (Melia azardirachta) extract containing film. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 101, 3948-3954 (2006)... 

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