Algicides and fungicides

Algicides are routinely added, usually weekly, as preventative treatments. Most algicides also have label directions for remedial treatments, usually at about two-fold greater concentration than those called for in preventative treatments. Comments on use concentrations in the section below were taken directly the EPA approved use directions. 

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Isophthahc acid is also used in formulations for adhesives, inks (qv), wire enamels, and dental materials (qv). Copper isophthalate [10027-31-3] is an ingredient in algicides and fungicides (98). 

Some quaternary ammonium compounds arc potent germicides, toxic in small (mg/L range) quantities to a wide range of microorganisms. Bactericidal, algicidal, and fungicidal properties are exhibited, Many quaternaries are considered to be moderately to severely irritating to the skin and eyes. 

Hyamine [Rohm Haas], TM for qua-ternary-ammonium-type bactericides, algicides, and fungicides, supplied as water-soluble crystals or aqueous solutions. 

Pesticides, disinfectants, and detergents comprise a group of chemicals that will occasionally contribnte to off-flavors in foods. For example, chlorophenols may arise from a reaction between phenol and chlorine in the water supply or from the direct contamination of the food with chlorophenols, which are frequently used in algicides and fungicides [62]. 

These results show that the tributyltin and triphenyltin derivatives of sucrose are at least equal in biological activity to the commercially used tributyltin oxide and fluoride and are superior with regard to algicidal and fungicidal properties (9, 10). This is even more remarkable when we compare the tin contents, see Table VII. Except in the case of molluscicidal activity the tricyclohexyltin compounds are less effective and, in most tests, the less accessible compound with the sucrose residue in the R groups is inferior. Tests on the orgeinolead compotands so far have been confined to molluscicidal activity. 

Copper has been employed as a bactericide, moUuscicide, and fungicide for a long time and is of importance in the control of schistosomiasis (see also Antiparasitic AGENTS, ANTHELMINTICS FUNGICIDES, AGRICULTURAL). Addition of copper to lake water acts as an efficient deterrent to transmittal of the disease by eliminating snails that act as hosts for the responsible parasite. Copper is commonly utilized at ca 0.1 mg/L as an algicide. In fresh water, acute toxicosis in fish is unusual if the copper concentration is below 0.025 mg/L (70) (see Poisons, economic). 

Uses Manufacture of insecticides (termite control), algicides, herbicides, fungicides, and bactericides wood preservative. Manufacture of pentachlorophenyl laurate to mothproofing fabrics. 

Uses fungicide/algicide as fungicide for control of blossom blights, scab on apples and pears and brown spot on stone fruit, etc. also used to control blue-green algae in ponds, lakes, and swimming pools. 

Products and Uses A 2 to 3% concentration of sodium hypochlorite. As clothing and textile bleach, algicide and disinfectant for pools, bactericide, deodorant, water purifier, and fungicide. For whitening, purifying, and disinfecting. In water treatment plants and industrial applications it is a 70% calcium hypochlorite solution. 

Products and Uses A chemical compound containing chlorine. An algicide and bactericide for swimming pools. A deodorant, water purifier, fungicide, and bleaching agent. Used as a disinfectant and whitener. 

Often furthermore, there is no need to use a microbicide which, like penta-chlorophenol, combines fungicidal, bactericidal, algicidal and insecticidal effects, since a satisfactory result can be obtained with a product that controls only one kind of organism. If this product is also effective at very low concentrations, so much the better. In other words, microbicides must now be tailored to the intended use and to the microbe species to be controlled. 

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