Leased equipment

Mobilization/demobilization Equipment leasing Labor cost Total variable cost... 

Lag Times The activities for obtaining approvals were initiated in March 1985 and the demonstrations began in May 1985, resulting in a lag-time equipment lease cost of 6,000. 

Third-party distribution utilising vehicles and equipment leased by the purchaser... 

Once the basic engineering scheme is completed, or even during its progression, data is gathered for cost estimates. Written quotes for pumps, equipment, valves, and cyclones are obtained from manufacturers. The contractors are requested to submit quotes for the pipeline based on surveys and contour maps. Prices for earthworks are calculated on a cost-efficient method or using excavation, load, haul, placement, and compaction fleet. It is very useful to use local costs for similar projects because the labor costs, customs and duties, and equipment leases change from country to country. 

Railroads generally do not supply tank cars and other special-purpose rail cars such as covered hopper cars for the movement of bulk plastic materials. Rather, shippers or receivers must furnish such equipment, usually through a purchase or lease arrangement with car manufacturers or lessors. 

Car manufacturers and intermediaries offer various forms of rail-car leases, ranging from short-term, full-maintenance rentals to long-term leases requiring outside financing (3). Many chemical shippers have substantial investments or lease commitments in tank cars and similar rail equipment, including cars constmcted of or lined with special materials for particular products. Other cars may be thermally insulated to prevent excessive heat buildup in transit or for protection against fire. 

The principal U.S. manufacturers and/or water service companies that sold or leased chlorine dioxide generating equipment and services in 1991 were Aquatec, Capital Controls, Chemquip, Drew Chemical (Division of Ashland Chemical), Eischer Porter, Prominent Eluid Controls, Rio Linda, and Wallace Tiernan. 

If the toller was using process equipment loaned to them by their client company or leased from a third party, whether for pro-... 

Consider some alternatives. We should eonsider using eontrol aeeess zones (CAZ) to limit worker exposure to zones where slip, trip, and fall hazards exist. By limiting worker exposure we should be limiting aeei-dent oeeurrenees. If equipment is a temporary problem, we should eonsider leasing or rental. If labor is a problem, we might eonsider utilization of temporary employment ageneies. 

Leased equipment must meet the same standards as all other equipment. 

Energy audits are also leveraged with a system commonly called over the fence energy. In this scheme, the end-user does not buy equipment, but purchases a commodity such as steam, heat, or compressed air from a third party. The third party owns, leases, or operates the equipment used to provide the energy service. It is then in the interest of that third party to ensure that energy audits are routinely carried out and unnecessary energy use is kept to... 

The change in the NPV using debt financing of assets is known as the principle of leverage. A similar result can often be obtained by leasing equipment because the lease payments are completely deductible as expenses for income tax purposes. 

Various companies licence technology, lease laboratory-scale equipment for companies to try out, conduct short- or long-term feasibility or pilot studies. EDF [101], e.g., lends free of charge movable pilot plants, cf. Fig. 6. 

Treatment systems should be demonstrated to be effective, and expandable (or reducible), in a stepwise modular fashion to ensure efficient design and operation. At many sites, it is cost-effective to install several temporary treatment systems in parallel configuration, and remove them as the need is diminished until the stable rate is achieved where a single unit can handle the load. After careful analysis, it may be determined that the best procedure is to install and operate the system at the projected long-term rate from the onset. Although this plan may extend the longterm remediation time, cost savings on equipment purchase (or lease) or initial operation labor may be justified. 

Most field equipment used at remediation sites has a lifetime substantially longer than the length of the project where it is used. When the total cost of new equipment is included in the project, the unit treatment cost increases substantially as the time of treatment decreases. Two solutions to this dilemma are common either lease the equipment or use the equipment on several different projects. Both of these options require the equipment to be of some treatment volume rate such that it can be readily applied to another treatment train, and also that it can be portable. If the designer cannot locate lease equipment, or if there is only one project on which to use the equipment, cost calculations should include a salvage value for the equipment. 

Potential vulnerabilities in control systems are exacerbated by insecure connections. Organizations often leave access links—such as dial-up modems to equipment and control information—open for remote diagnostics, maintenance, and examination of system status. Such links may not be protected with authentication or encryption, which increases the risk that hackers could use these insecure connections to break into remotely controlled systems. Also, control systems often use wireless communications systems, which are especially vulnerable to attack, or leased lines that pass through commercial telecommunications facilities. Without encryption to protect data as it flows through these insecure connections or authentication mechanisms to limit access, there is limited protection for the integrity of the information being transmitted. 

For an automatic method to be preferable purely on economic grounds, its cost must be less than the manual cost by at least an amount equal to the cost of the automatic equipment amortized over a period of three to five years. For many of the more expensive instruments, particularly those in the clinical market, leasing agreements are common and in these cases the annual cost must be less for the automated regime. However, this simple algebraic treatment is very approximate and takes no account of the differences in reagent costs, power requirements, and supervisory cost between the two methods. 

Assets are classified as current, fixed, or intangibles. Current assets include cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, accounts receivable, inventories, and prepaid expenses. Cash and cash equivalents are those items that can be easily converted to cash. Marketable securities are securities that a company holds that also may be converted to cash. Accounts receivable are the amounts due a company from customers from material that has been delivered but has not been collected as yet. Customers are given 30, 60, or 90 days in which to pay however, some customers fail to pay bills on time or may not be able to pay at all. An allowance is made for doubtful accounts. The amount is deducted from the accounts receivables. Inventories include the cost of raw materials, goods in process, and product on hand. Prepaid expenses include insurance premiums paid, charges for leased equipment, and charges for advertising that are paid prior to the receipt of the benefit from these items. The sum of all the above items is the total current assets. The term current refers to the fact that these assets are easily converted within a year, or more hkely in a shorter time, say, 90 days. 

Minnesota, as well as at a large-scale [30 gal/min (57 liters/min)] system. Capital equipment is either a one-time or monthly charge, depending on whether a leased, mobile unit or an amortized, skid-mounted unit is used (see Table 1). The cost of site-specific pre- or posttreatment such as oil/water separators, filters, etc. must also be considered (D12769P, pp. 231-232). 

At the Field Brook site near Ashtabula, Ohio, the total cost of the pilot-scale testing and demonstration was 638,670. Most of the cost was attributed to the procurement of capital equipment, plant operations, and laboratory analysis. Equipment was leased or acquired from other Department of Energy (DOE) sites in order to reduce costs. The fuU-scale remediation... 

Generally, capital outlay costs are lower because the modular, enclosed equipment is rented or leased during the remediation period at a fraction of the cost of a permanent plant (D13109Z,... 

As provider of Chemical Leasing services PERO Innovative Services was able to include in the project all peripheral devices necessary for the supply, reconditioning, recovery and maintenance of the chemicals. The equipment was engineered based on the principle of cost reduction with regard to chemicals consumption, energy consumption, supply of spare parts and service. The solvent and the stabilisers used were adapted to the specific cleaning needs of Automobiltechnik Blau. 

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