Environmentally sensitive areas

Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol also has been cleared for use in California under Rule 66. It meets the rigid specifications for uv degradation in environmentally sensitive areas. In addition to domestic use, a substantial amount of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is used as a solvent for agricultural chemicals in Europe. 

The electric furnace is an alternative to the reverberatory furnace in environmentally sensitive areas where electricity costs are not too high. The electric furnace is versatile, produces small volumes of effluent gases, and the SO2 concentration can be easily controlled. Operating costs, however, are high. 

Health and safety factors in in situ operations are associated with high temperature, high pressure steam, or high pressure air. Environmental considerations relate to air and water quaUty and surface reclamation. In some environmentally sensitive areas such as the oil sands deposits in Utah, environmental considerations may make development unfeasible. 

An Environmental Assessment for each alternative (focusing on the facility conditions and pathways of contamination actually addressed by each alternative) should be prepared. Issues to be reviewed include the short- and long-term beneficial and adverse effects of the response alternative any adverse effects on environmentally sensitive areas and an analysis of measures to mitigate adverse effects. 

Many producing facilities are located offshore or in other environmentally sensitive areas. In these areas, the use of dry (versus liquid-filled) transformers will eliminate the necessity of providing curbing and other containment systems to prevent pollution. Dry transformers are normally preferred for most production facility applications. Liquid-filled transformers should be considered, however, for high voltage and large units (particularly over several hundred kVA). 

To reduce drilling and development costs, slimhole drilling is increasingly being used. Slimhole wells are considered wells in which at least 90 percent of the hole has been drilled with a bit fewer than six inches in diameter. For example, a typical rig uses a 8.5-in bit and a 5-in drill pipe, whereas a slimhole rig may use a 4-in bit and a 3.7-in drill pipe. Slimhole drilling is especially valuable in economically marginal fields and in environmentally sensitive areas, since the fuel consumption can be 75 percent less (mud pumps, drill power), the mud costs 80 percent less, the rig weight is 80 percent less, and the drill site is 75 percent smaller. 

The dilemma was resolved by making the farm part of the environmentally sensitive area (ESA) scheme and also sowing an extra 280 ha of grassland. As his farm was now part of an ESA, the farmer was paid to reduce his stock numbers so that they then had sufficient organic grassland. This meant that although fewer lambs and beef cattle were sold per ha, the grant from the ESA scheme more than compensated for the reduction in output. 

The bacterial resistance of silk fibroin can be improved by treatment at low pH values in aqueous solutions of metal ions and at high pH values in solutions of metal-amine complexes, using untreated silk or silk pretreated with an aqueous solution of tannic acid (10.183). Suitable metals include Cu, Zn, Ni, Fe and Ag [533]. It is to be expected that treatment with such metal compounds will be subject to restrictions in environmentally sensitive areas. 

In the northeastern United States, sulfate deposition has also been reduced substantially since the 1980s. The average annual wet deposition of sulfates dropped in three environmentally sensitive areas (the Adirondacks, Mid-Appalachian, and Southern Blue Ridge mountains) by 26, 23, and 9 percent, respectively, from the period 1983-94 to the period 1995-98. That trend is also reflected in data collected from monitoring stations throughout the eastern United States, which show a 26 percent decrease in sulfate deposition between the two monitoring periods, 1983-94 and 1995-98. 

When controlled explosives are used, the most common method is to place carefully measured charges in shallow shot holes a few inches in diameter drilled from a truck-mounted drill. These charges are then detonated to produce the sound waves needed. In less accessible areas, a portable drill may be used and, in certain environmentally sensitive areas, the charges may be mounted on stakes above the ground to minimize plant disturbance. 

Identification and Description of Environmentally Sensitive Areas Subject to Impact... 

The intention of the authorities, with the restriction of chemical leaking paints was to reduce the release of toxic substances to the sensitive productive coastal areas (Kemi 1998a). The Baltic Sea is considered an environmentally sensitive area, which later was acknowledged internationally by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO 2005) and classified as a Particularly Sensitive Sea Area (PSS A) in 2004 (IMO 2005). This was based on its unique environment, with low salinity and low biodiversity. Also, the Baltic Sea is in an evolutionary perspective a young sea and the organisms live in a very stressful environment, as they have not had time to fully adapt to the brackish water conditions (Kautsky and Tedengren 1992 Ryden et al. 2003). 

Rainbow trout survived 48 hours of treatment with 100 ppm and 300 ppm canola methyl and ethyl esters, but were in poor condition (25). Biodiesel exhibits acute toxicity in aquatic systems but its rapid degradation and low overall toxicity make it greatly preferred to diesel fuel in environmentally sensitive areas. 

Safety concerns are associated with the flammability and, sometimes, toxic properties of transported products, the high pipeline pressures (hundreds of pounds to over a thousand pounds per square inch), and the proximity to population or environmentally sensitive areas at some locations along the rights-of-way. 

The development of methodologies for the covalent bonding of ligands to polymeric supports is important for the preparation of novel reagents to be used in ionic and molecular separations which are important to the environment and for the preparation of chemical sensors which can be used in the monitoring of environmentally sensitive areas. Our research focuses on identifying the mechanisms by which immobilized ligands... 

In more environmentally sensitive areas such as boating, snowmobiles and to some extent with chainsaws, the need for readily biodegradable two-stroke lubricants has arisen leading to a number of biodegradable products in the marketplace using complex ester-based technology. 

The first commercial product that appeared in 1938 for use against lepi-dopterous larvae was Sporeine, which was produced by several companies. Names of other old products are Dipel WP, a wettable powder, and Dipel LC, a liquid concentrate used for aerial low-volume application. The Bf-based microbial pesticides have so far been the most successful biopesticides. The rapid growth of Bt-based pesticides is occurring as replacements of chemicals that were banned or phased out in environmentally sensitive areas, in consumer and export markets in which concerns about food residue are high, and in organic food production. The current sales are at least 140 million. Today the commercial products are based on various strains of the more than 26 different subspecies. 

The administration sided with the off-road vehicle industry on air pollution standards, on noise pollution standards, and in giving the vehicles continued access to environmentally sensitive areas in national forests and wilderness areas, ignoring scientific opinions inside and outside government on the damage the vehicles cause, fie also sided with snowmobile manufacturers and industry groups in overruling the National Park Service s scientists and three sepa-... 

Major bodies of water, including recreational areas Drinking water aquifers or reservoirs Other environmentally sensitive areas or locations... 

Severe, 3 Single disabling injury. Hospitalization or serious injury. Some local reporting. Irreversible damage to low-quality land, or clean-up of environmentally sensitive areas required. 1 million to 10 million... 

Very severe, 4 Fatality or multiple serious injuries. Fatality or multiple serious injuries. Massive negative publicity. Months of clean-up work needed in environmentally sensitive areas. a 10 million... 

Some hazards do not have a direct impact on human beings but they can cause harm to the environment. Using the high level in T-lOO scenario once more, the spilled RM-12 could flow into an environmentally sensitive area such as a river or lake. Environmental consequences are often closely hnked to regulatory violations. 

Exclusions include restrictions due to competing uses and environmentally sensitive areas. See http //www.nrel.gov/docs/fyl2osti/49222.pdf... 

Additional Protection. If leachate is expected to be extremely hazardous, or if the landfill is located in an environmentally sensitive area, then either a double composite liner with backup... 

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