1.2- Dimethylhydrazine-induced

Chester, J.F., Gaissert, H.A., Ross, J.S. and Malt, R.A. (1986). Augmentation of 1,2 dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer by experimental colitis in mice role of dietary vitamin E. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 76, 939-942. 

Sampaio ARD, Chagas CEA, Ong TP and Moreno FS. 2007. Vitamin A and 3-carotene inhibitory effect during 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced hepatocarcinogenesis potentiated by 5-azacytidine. Food Chem... 

Inagake M, Yamane T, Kitao Y, Oya K, Matsumoto H, Kikuoka N, Nakatani H, Takahashi T, Nishimura H and Iwashima A. 1995. Inhibition of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced oxidative DNA damage by green tea extract in rat. Jpn J Cancer Res 86(11) 1106-1 111. 

In a study using cultured L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells, Rogers and Back (1981) reported that both 1,1-dimethylhydrazine and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced forward mutations at the thymidine kinase level in the absence of an extraneous metabolic activation system. The investigators also noted that the two dimethylhydrazines appeared to have different modes of action under these conditions. 

J. P. Cruse, M. R. Lewin and C. G. Clark, The effects of cholic acid and bile salt binding agents on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis in the rat. Carcinogenesis, 1981, 2, 439. 

J. E. Oscarson, H. F. Veen, J. S. Ross and R. A. Malt, Ileal resection potentiates 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colonic carcinogenesis, Ann. Surg., 1979, 189, 503. 

Craven PA, DeRubertis FR (1992) Alterations in protein kinase C in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced colonic carcinogenesis. Cancer Res 52 2216-2221... 

Table 14. 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-induced colon tumour incidence in two inbred mouse strains and four types of hybrid showing inheritance of a major dominant susceptibility gene...

Hybrid crosses were bred from a highly sensitive strain SWR/J mice and AKR/J mice highly resistant to 1,2-dimethylhydrazine carcinogenesis. 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine was injected subcutaneously at a dose of 20 mg/kg bw weekly with a total of 10 injections. Mice were killed 27 weeks after the first injection of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. The colon tumour incidence in the hybrids and backcrosses is given in Table 15. The interpretation of results by the authors was that susceptibility to 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced tumorigenesis is not inherited as a dominant trait and that the kinetic properties of the epithelial cells are not linked to 1,2-dimethylhydrazine susceptibility (Deschner et al, 1988). 

Table 15. Incidence of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colonic tumours 27 weeks after the first injection...

In rat liver, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine had no consistent effect on the relative focal volume of y-glutamyltranspeptidase-positive preneoplastic foci (Denda et al., 1988). Locniskar et al. (1985) treated Brown-Norway and Fischer rats with 150 mg/kg bw 1,2-dimethylhydrazine by gavage five times over a three-week period. Five months after the final treatment, isolated splenic, colonic intraperithelial lymphocytes and lamina propria lymphocytes from the Brown-Norway strain exhibited low natural killer cell activity and reduced splenic T-lymphocyte proliferation in response to autologous non-T lymphocytes. Furthermore, colonic lamina propria lymphocyte proliferation was low, and Brown-Norway rats had a low incidence of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colonic neoplasms (7%) in comparison with Fischer rats, which had more effective splenic and colonic intraperithelial lymphocyte natural killer cell activity, enhanced splenic autologous mixed lymphocyte response, enhanced colonic lamina propria lymphocyte proliferation and a higher incidence of colon tumours (20%). 

Dimethylhydrazine induced mieronueleus formation, gene mutation, nuclear aberrations and DNA strand breaks and fonned DNA adducts in rodents in vivo. 

Bolognesi, C. Boffa, L.C. (1986) Correlation between incidence of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinomas and DNA damage in six genetically different mouse strains. Cancer Lett., 30, 91-95... 

Deschner, E.E., Long, EC. Hakissian, M. (1988) Susceptibility to 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colonic tumors and epithelial cell proliferation characteristics of FI, F2, and reciprocal backcrosses derived from SWR/J and AKR/J parental mouse strains. Cancer, 61, 478-482... 

Jenkins, G.J.S.. Mitchell, I. de G. Parry, J.M. (1997) Enhanced restriction site mutation (RSM) analysis of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced mutations, using endogenous p53 intron sequences. Mutagenesis, 12, 117-123... 

Locniskar, M., Nauss, K.M., Kauffman, P. Newbeme, PM. (1985) Comparison of immune status and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced tumorigenesis in Brown-Norway and Fischer rats. Emphasis on splenic and colonic lymphocyte function. Cancer Lett., 25, 311-323... 

McGarrity, T.J., Peiffer, L.P Colony, PC. (1988) Cellular proliferation in proximal and distal rat colon during 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced carcinogenesis. Gastroenterology, 95, 343-348... 

Turusov, V.S., Linnik, A.B. Morozova, O.V. (1980) Stimulation of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced uterine sarcomagenesis by estradiol dipropionate. Bull. exp. Biol. Med., 11, 599-600... 

Kanna, P.S., M.G. Saralaya, K. Samanta, and M. Chatteijee. 2005. Vanadium inhibits DNA-protein cross-links and ameliorates surface level changes of aberrant crypt foci during 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced rat colon carcinogenesis. Cell Biol. Toxicol. 21 41-52. 

Manju, V. and N al i n i, N. (2005) Chemopreventive efficacy of ginger, a naturally occurring anti carcinogen during the initiation, post-initiation stages of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced colon cancer. Clinica Chimica Acta 358(1-2), 60-67. 

Dillehay, D.L., Webb, S.K., Schmelz, E.M., Merrill, A.H. Jr. 1994. Dietary sphingomyelin inhibits 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer in CF1 mice. J. Nutr. 124, 615-620. 

Heitman, D.W., Hardman, W.E. and Cameron, I.L. 1992. Dietary supplementation with pectin and guar gum on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis in rats, Carcinogenesis (Eynsham), 13(5) 815-818. 

Kingsnorth AN, LaMuraglia GM, Ross JS, et al. 1986. Vanadate supplements and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced colon cancer in mice Increased thymidine incorporation without enhanced carcinogenesis. Br J Cancer 53 683-686. 

Asano T, Pollard M. 1978. Strain susceptibility and resistance to 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced enteric tumors in germlfee rats (40146). Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 158 89-91. 

Dudeja PK, Brasitus TA. 1990. 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-induced alterations in lipid peroxidation in preneoplastic and neoplastic colonic tissues. Biochimica Biophysica Acta 1046 267-270. 

Llor X, Jacoby RF, Teng BB, et al. 1991. K-ras mutations in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colonic tumors Effects of supplemental dietary calcium and vitamin D deficiency. Cancer Res 51 4305-4309. 

Swenberg JA, Cooper HK, Bucheler J, et al. 1979. 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-induced methylation of DNA bases in various rat organs and the effect of pretreatment with disulfiram. Cancer Res 39 465-467. 

Jacobs MM. 1983. Selenium inhibition of 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis. Cancer Res 43 1646-1649. 

Wattenberg LM, Fiala ES. 1978. Inhibition of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced neoplasia of the large intestine in female CF1 mice by carbon disulfide Brief communication. JNCI 60 1515-1517. 

Sumiyoshi H, Wargovich MJ. Ghemoprevention of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer in mice by natural-occurring organosulfur compounds. Cancer Res 1990 50 5084-5087. 

Yamamoto, 1. and Maruyama, H. (1985). Effect of dietary seaweed preparations on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced intestinal carcinogenesis in rats. Cancer Lett. 26(3), 241-251. 

Inhibition of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced aberrant crypts and tumors in the colon... 

---