Anti-carcinogenic

Finally, susceptibility to cancer may be increased by an inadequate intake of biologically active food components, which, though not classified as nutrients, may nevertheless exert important anti-carcinogenic effects over... 

Table 4.1 Glucosinolates that have been studied in relation to their anti-carcinogenic characteristics and their common dietary sources...

Anti-mutagenic and anti-carcinogenic effect elevation of phase II microsomal enzymes and inhibition of phase 1 enzymes (Manorama, 1993). 

Anti-mutagenic and anti-carcinogenic effect (Rukmini and Kalpagam 1985 Tamagawa et al., 1992 Tsushimoto et al., 1991). 

Anti-carcinogenic effect in cancer of several organs (Shamsnddin, 1995, 1998 Shamsuddin, 1997). 

Curcumin (diferuloyl methane) is the main pigment of turmeric. It is widely used as a colorant and preservative agent. No data regarding its daily intake in western countries are available intake may reach 80 to 200 mg in adult Indians. To date, no study has explored the effect of curcumin consumption on the incidence of diseases, but many beneficial effects on health have been reported in cell and animal models. These include anti-carcinogenic, anti-diabetic, anti-atherosclerotic, and anti-Alzheimer s disease properties. ... 

The most convincing data have been obtained from rodent models of cancers that revealed protective effects of curcumin against cancers of aU sites. Curcumin is able to inhibit all steps of cancer processes, initiation, progression, and promotion. These observations, combined with the apparent lack of toxicity of curcumin for doses up to 8 g/day for 3 mo suggest potential uses of curcumin as an anti-carcinogenic chemoprotective agent. ... 

Omoni AO and Aluko RE. 2005. The anti-carcinogenic and anti-atherogenic effects of lycopene a review. Trends Food Sci Technol 16(8) 344—350. 

L. Arce, A. Rios and M. Valcarcel, Determination of anti-carcinogenic polyphenols present in green tea using capillary electrophoresis coupled to a flow injection system. J. Chromatogr.A 823 (1998) 113-120. 

Apart from activators and inhibitors which bind to the active site of HDACs, there are also compounds which modulate the HDAC expression level in human body. One notable example is 3,3 -diindollylmethane (DIM, Fig. 23). DIM is an anti-carcinogenic compound mainly available in cruciferous vegetables with genus Brassica, like cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, collard green etc. 

The anti-carcinogenic effects of resveratrol were also tested in vivo, by examination of mammary glands of mice treated with DMBA and TPA. A dose-dependent reduction in the formation of tumors was observed when the mice were treated with resveratrol. Resveratrol is present in high concentrations in the skins of grapes (50-100 pg/g) and, consequently, in red wine (1.5-3 mg/1). Based on these experiments, the consumption of grapes and grape products appears to have beneficial effects. 

Harris, R.K. and Haggerty, W.J. (1993) Assays for potentially anti-carcinogenic phytochemicals in flaxseed. Cereal Foods World 38, 147-151. 

The soybean plant, Glycine max, belongs to the family Leguminosae, and is found to possess a number of health benefits including anti-carcinogenic effects and improvements in cardiovascular and intestinal problems. The mechanisms responsible for the effect of soy on serum lipoproteins are not well known. Caroll (1991) and Potter (1995) reviewed various hypotheses... 

Various bioassay systems are available in the literature for the screening of potentially chemopreventive compounds. Table 1 lists the bioassay systems for chemoprevention, as well as anti-inflammatory activities often associated with chemoprevention, reported for terpenoids and described in this review. The assays for anti-carcinogenic compounds might be classified as in vitro and in vivo primary screening assays, in vivo assays of several tumor models for various target organs, and mechanism-based in vitro assays. 

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