Copolymer methacrylate-ethyl acrylate

An a priori method for choosing a surfactant was attempted by several researchers (50) using the hydroph i1 e—1 ip oph i1 e balance or HLB system (51). In the HLB system a surfactant soluble in oil has a value of 1 and a surfactant soluble in water has a value of 20. Optimum HLB values have been reported for latices made from styrene, vinyl acetate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, acrylonitrile, and their copolymers and range from 11 to 18. The HLB system has been criticized as being imprecise (52). 

Methyl methacrylate-ethyl acrylate-styrene copolymer >10 9.2 1.7 90 4.400 440 0.020 0.025 ... 

As the majority of stabilisers has the structure of aromatics, which are UV-active and show a distinct UV spectrum, UV spectrophotometry is a very efficient analytical method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of stabilisers and similar substances in polymers. For UV absorbers, UV detection (before and after chromatographic separation) is an appropriate analytical tool. Haslam et al. [30] have used UV spectroscopy for the quantitative determination of UVAs (methyl salicylate, phenyl salicylate, DHB, stilbene and resorcinol monobenzoate) and plasticisers (DBP) in PMMA and methyl methacrylate-ethyl acrylate copolymers. From the intensity ratio... 

Copolymers of ethyl acrylate with methacrylate and small amounts of hydroxyl, carboxyl, amine, or amide comonomers are used to prepare high quality latex points for wood, wall board and masonry in homes. 

ABA ABS ABS-PC ABS-PVC ACM ACS AES AMMA AN APET APP ASA BR BS CA CAB CAP CN CP CPE CPET CPP CPVC CR CTA DAM DAP DMT ECTFE EEA EMA EMAA EMAC EMPP EnBA EP EPM ESI EVA(C) EVOH FEP HDI HDPE HIPS HMDI IPI LDPE LLDPE MBS Acrylonitrile-butadiene-acrylate Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene-polycarbonate alloy Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene-poly(vinyl chloride) alloy Acrylic acid ester rubber Acrylonitrile-chlorinated pe-styrene Acrylonitrile-ethylene-propylene-styrene Acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate Acrylonitrile Amorphous polyethylene terephthalate Atactic polypropylene Acrylic-styrene-acrylonitrile Butadiene rubber Butadiene styrene rubber Cellulose acetate Cellulose acetate-butyrate Cellulose acetate-propionate Cellulose nitrate Cellulose propionate Chlorinated polyethylene Crystalline polyethylene terephthalate Cast polypropylene Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride Chloroprene rubber Cellulose triacetate Diallyl maleate Diallyl phthalate Terephthalic acid, dimethyl ester Ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer Ethylene-ethyl acrylate Ethylene-methyl acrylate Ethylene methacrylic acid Ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer Elastomer modified polypropylene Ethylene normal butyl acrylate Epoxy resin, also ethylene-propylene Ethylene-propylene rubber Ethylene-styrene copolymers Polyethylene-vinyl acetate Polyethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers Fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymers Hexamethylene diisocyanate High-density polyethylene High-impact polystyrene Diisocyanato dicyclohexylmethane Isophorone diisocyanate Low-density polyethylene Linear low-density polyethylene Methacrylate-butadiene-styrene... 

The relationship between flexibility and copolymer composition was explored by measuring Tg and Tgp for a series of copolymers consisting of styrene or methyl methacrylate paired with several "softer" comonomers. An example of the kind of results obtained is illustrated in Figure 11 with the methyl methacrylate/ ethyl acrylate pair. Included in this plot is a ductility, or toughness, parameter, q, defined by Wu as,... 

The effect of non-uniform polymer composition is shown in Figure 11 for the case of a 50/50-methyl methacrylate/ethyl acrylate copolymer made by a linear power feed process in which the near tank initially contained only ethyl acrylate and the far tank only methyl methacrylate. Compared with its uniform counterpart, the non-uniform polymer had a T D approximately 25° lower and a respectable... 

Figure 11. Brittle-ductile behavior of a series of methyl methacrylate/ethyl acrylate copolymers.

Methyl Methacrylate—Ethyl Acrylate—Methacrylic Acid (MMA—EA— MAA) Terpolymers. In an earlier paper (22, 23) values for the MFT of each of a series of acrylic copolymer emulsions were obtained by calculating Tff values using the equation of Wood (34), ignoring the presence of methacrylic acid. These were then converted to MFT values using available literature data (20, 24) and by extrapolating and interpolating the straight line obtained. The MFT values for these identical emulsions at pH 9.5 have now been determined experimentally, and these data are compared in Table II. Values for MFT s below 0°C. could not be obtained experimentally. 

New macroradicals have been obtained by proper solvent selection for the homopolymerization of styrene, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, acrylonitrile, and vinyl acetate, and by the copolymerization of maleic anhydride with vinyl acetate, vinyl isobutyl ether, or methyl methacrylate. These macroradicals and those prepared by the addition to them of other monomers were stable provided they were insoluble in the solvent. Since it does not add to maleic anhydride chain ends, acrylonitrile formed a block copolymer with only half of the styrene-maleic anhydride macroradicals. However, this monomer gave excellent yields of block polymer when it was added to a macroradical obtained by the addition of limited quantities of styrene to the original macroradical. Because of poor diffusion, styrene did not add to acrylonitrile macroradicals, but block copolymers formed when an equimolar mixture of styrene and maleic anhydride was added. 

CHU Chu, J.H. and Paul, D.R., Interaction energies for blends of SAN with methyl methacrylate copolymers with ethyl acrylate and n-butyl acrylate. Polymer, 40, 2687, 1999. 

Butyl acrylate-butyl methacrylate-methacrylic acid copolymer Methyl methacrylate-ethyl acrylate-methacryhc acid copolymer Poly(sodium 10-undecenyl sulfate) (polySUS)... 

Many acrylic copolymers are currently used in the textile industry as binders for nonwoven fabrics. The purpose of these fibers is to stabilize the material. In many instances, these copolymers are used in conjunction with amino resins. Casanovas and Rovira have done a study of methyl methacrylate-ethyl acrylate-N-methylol-acrylamide by PY/GC-MS. Among the products identified were methane, ethylene, propene, isobutene, methanol, propionaldehyde, ethanol, ethyl acetate, methyl acrylate, methyl isobutyrate, ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, n-propyl acrylate, and ethyl methacrylate. In this sample, clearly monomer reversion is the primary degradation process occurring however, several other degradation mechanisms are at work. When the sample contains an amino resin in the mixture, acrylonitrile is observed in the pyrogram. Another effect of the amino presence was a marked increase in the amount of methanol detected. Other products detected were meth-oxyhydrazine, methyl isocyanate, and methyl isocyanide. 

In a similar preparation styrene macroradicals have been reported when styrene was polymerized in viscous solvents and viscous poor solvents(130). When styrene was added to these macroradicals, an increase in relative viscosity was noted. Block like copolymers were formed when either acrylonitrile, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate or methacrylate was added to the macroradicals. The fastest rates of polymerization and greatest yields of copolymer were noted when polystyrene was pol37merized in viscous, poor solvent (131). ... 

Copolymer from methyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate Copolymer from methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, diallyl maleate, and trimethylol propane triacrylate Methyl methacrylate-ethyl acrylate copolymer Methyl methacrylate-methyl acrylate copolymer Methyl methacrylate-co-A -phenylmaleimide copolymer Copolymer from methyl methacrylate and a-methyl styrene Methyl methacrylate-vinyl acetate copolymer Copolymer of methyl methacrylate, vinyl acetate, and acrylic acid... 

The monomers which have been investigated include methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate ester, hydroxy acrylates and methacrylates, acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, acrylamide, vinylidene chloride, acrylic acid, vinyl pyrollidone and styrenec Many copolymer latexes of these monomers have also been preparedc Undoubtedly the most amenable system for model studies is methyl methacrylate in aliphatic hydrocarbono... 

Mao and co-workers [44] applied Py-GC to acrylic resins - including ethyl acrylate - butyl methacrylate copolymer and ethyl acrylate-styrene-ethylmethacrylate terpolymers. 

Methyl methacrylate/ethyl acrylate copolymer see Ethyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate copolymer ... 

A copolymer of ethyl acrylate with 5% chloroethyl vinyl ether has been marketed as an oil-resistant, high-temperature-stable, specialty elastomer. The pendant chlorine group gives a preferred cross-linking site with polyfunctional amines. The relatively high Tg of the rubber (about 28°C) can be lowered by plasticization, but this can be temporary if oils or solvents are in contact with the product and leach out the plasticizer. Interpolymers of ethyl acrylate with methyl methacrylate and with higher acrylates and methacrylates are widely used as latex paints and as additives for paper and textiles. The Tg of an interpolymer can be tailored for a particular application by varying the ratio of acrylate to methacrylate monomers. 

April 30,1986. Photopolymer positive surprint color proofing film based on epoxy acrylate monomer exhibits low dot gain, low time dependence of toning and good tonal range. Binder can be methyl-methacrylate/ethyl acrylate/acryhc acid copolymer, preferably crosslinked with zinc ions and plasticized with a second acrylate monomer and a mixture of triacetin and trimethylol propane. 

Emulsion Polymerization. Emulsion polymerization is the most important industrial method for the preparation of acryhc polymers. The principal markets for aqueous dispersion polymers made by emulsion polymerization of acryhc esters are the paint, paper, adhesives, textile, floor pohsh, and leather industries, where they are used principally as coatings or binders. Copolymers of either ethyl acrylate or butyl acrylate with methyl methacrylate are most common. 

Fig. 1. Functional monomers used in acrylamide copolymers. Methacrylamidopropyltrim ethyl ammonium chloride [51410-72-1] (1), acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chioride [44992-01-0] (2), methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride [50339-78-1] (3), /V,/V-dimethy1aminoethy1 methacrylate [2867-47-2] (4), /V,/V-dimethylaminopropy1 acryl amide [3845-76-9] (5), diallyl dimethyl amm onium chloride...

AH-acryHc (100%) latex emulsions are commonly recognized as the most durable paints for exterior use. Exterior grades are usuaHy copolymers of methyl methacrylate with butyl acrylate or 2-ethyIhexyl acrylate (see Acrylic ester polymers). Interior grades are based on methyl methacrylate copolymerized with butyl acrylate or ethyl acrylate. AcryHc latex emulsions are not commonly used in interior flat paints because these paints typicaHy do not require the kind of performance characteristics that acryHcs offer. However, for interior semigloss or gloss paints, aH-acryHc polymers and acryHc copolymers are used almost exclusively due to their exceUent gloss potential, adhesion characteristics, as weU as block and print resistance. 

Poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA) yields truly compatible blends with poly(vinyl acetate) up to 20% PEMA concentration (133). Synergistic improvement in material properties was observed. Poly(ethylene oxide) forms compatible homogeneous blends with poly(vinyl acetate) (134). The T of the blends and the crystaUizabiUty of the PEO depend on the composition. The miscibility window of poly(vinyl acetate) and its copolymers with alkyl acrylates can be broadened through the incorporation of acryUc acid as a third component (135). A description of compatible and incompatible blends of poly(vinyl acetate) and other copolymers has been compiled (136). Blends of poly(vinyl acetate) copolymers with urethanes can provide improved heat resistance to the product providing reduced creep rates in adhesives used for vinyl laminating (137). 

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