Comite Europeen Normalisation

CENELEC Comite Europeen de Normalisation des Industries Electriques... 

Other less volatile monomers such as those found in acrylic materials are detected and quantified in solution by GC. Derivatisation methods are employed for a wide variety of amine and hydroxyl monomers. CEN (Comite Europeen de Normalisation) has published standard methods for the determination of extractable monomers from food-contact materials. These methods are detailed in Table 10. 

Comite Europeen de Normalisation, 36, rue de Stassart, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium... 

As time passes, national standards for area classification have been superseded by international standards (IEC, International Electrotechnical Commission, Geneva/Switzerland, and EN, European Standard or European Norm, established by CENELEC, Comite Europeen de Normalisation Electrotechnique, Brussels/Belgium), which have been adopted as subsequent national standards. In the member countries of the European Community (EC), a joint area classification is defined by a directive (Directive 1999/92/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, dated 1999-12-16). 

In the course of the integration of European states and the removal of trade barriers, national standardization loses importance considerably. The majority of electrical standards comes into existence by international cooperation with IEC, International Electrotechnical Commission, Geneva/Switzerland. On the basis of IEC Standards many European Standards have been developed in the past. This work has been done by CENELEC, Comite Europeen de Normalisation Electrotechnique, Brussels/Belgium. European Standards or Norms (EN) often deviate from their IEC origins in their technical content. To avoid double action and to ensure a more effective standardization procedure, IEC and CENELEC are now working in closer cooperation. CENELEC is a private organization and does not act as an institution of the European Union at all. This fact indicates that European Standards need a legal act to come into force. Members of CENELEC are the national committees for standardization of the member states (not identical with the European Union). 

Internationally, standardisation of methods has mainly been carried out within the framework of the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) although other organisations such as the Comite Europeen de Normalisation (CEN) or the International Dairy Federation (IDF) for dairy products are also actively involved. The choice to standardise a method is not always sufficiently based on comparison of methods or on performance characteristics. Acceptance of international standard methods takes considerable time as all countries or states involved have to agree on the proposed method. Despite the availability of a great number of internationally accepted methods there are still important differences between the national methods used in EC member states. There are namely situations for which a national method is optimised for a local... 

CEN Comite Europeen de Normalisation (European Committee for Standardization)... 

ASTM BTEX CARACAS CEN American Society for Testing and Materials benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes concerted action on risk assessment for contaminated sites Comite Europeen de Normalisation (European Committee for Standardisation)... 

Anonymous (1994a) Comite Europeen de Normalisation (CEN) Technical Committee 292 Characterization of Waste in Europe. State of the art report for CEN TC 292.STB/94/28, Brussels. 

CEN is the abbreviation for Comite Europeen de Normalisation — the European standards organisation. 

The NIOSH REL (10-hour TWA) for respirable coal mine dust is 1 mg/m, measured using a eoal mine personal sampler unit (CPSU) as defined in 30 CFR 74.2. The REL is equivalent to 0.9 mg/m measured according to the ISO/CEN/ACGIH (International Standards Organization/ Comite Europeen de Normalisation/American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists) definition of respirable dust. The REL applies to respirable coal mine dust and respirable eoal dust in occupations other than mining. NIOSH recommends a separate REL for erystalline siliea. See NIOSH publication 95-106 (Criteria for a Recommended Standard -Occupational Exposure to Respirable Coal Mine Dust) for more detailed information. 

CEN (Comite Europeen de Normalisation). EN 1500 Chemical disinfectants and antiseptics. Hygienic handrub—test method requirements (phase 21 step 2). 

CEN = Comite Europeen de Normalisation, Brussels, Belgium. ASTM = American Society for Testing and Materials. 

A recent development in international standardization has been the growth of interest in regional standardization, and of particular interest and sometimes concern to some members of the ISO has been the extensive increase in activity during the past 10 years of the European Committee for Standardization (Comite europeen de normalisation) (CEN), prompted by government policies within the European Union. 

A draft European Nebulizer Standard (30) has been submitted for formal approval to CEN (Comite Europeen de Normalisation European Committee for Standardization). CEN is responsible for European standardization in all fields except Electrotechnical (CENELEC) and Telecommunications (ETSl). Publication of the European Nebulizer Standard is expected during 2001. Included within the European standard are detailed descriptions of two test methods for (1) assessing nebulizer aerosol output inhaled using breath simulation similar to that described previously and (2) assessing nebulized aerosol droplet size using low-flow cascade impaction. Because this standard is expected to be adopted throughout Europe (and possibly more widely), a summary of its contents may be useful to readers. 

Comite Europeen de Normalisation Electrotechnique (CENELEC), for electrical standards. 

Canbay E, Ersoy U, Ozcebe G (2003) Contribution of reinforced concrete infills to seismic behavior of structural systems. ACI Struct J 100(5) 637-643 CEN (2004) EN 1992-1-1 Eurocode 2 Design of concrete structures - Part 1-1 General rules and rules for buildings. Comite Europeen De Normalisation, Brussels Eibl J, Keintzel E (1988) Seismic shear forces in cantilever shear walls. In Proceedings of the 9th world conference in earthquake engineering, Japan Association for Earthquake Disaster Prevention, Tokyo... 

Cast alloys must be made from at least 99.99% purity zinc ingot to comply with the standards of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM B6) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO 752) a standard is in preparation by the Comit Europeen de Normalisation (CEN European Committee for Standardization). The harmful impurities, which occur naturally in zinc or as contaminants in the other alloying ingredients, are lead, tin, cadmium, indium, and thallium. These impurities are limited by specification higher contents than specified may make the alloys susceptible to intergranular corrosion, particularly when exposed to warm, moist environments. 

When available, standard methods of sampling and analysis should be used. The International Standard Organisation (ISO), the Comite Europeen de Normalisation (CEN) and various national bodies have published several methods for determination of airborne contaminants. Primary sources are the compendia of methods recommended by the regulatory bodies, i.e. the UK, HSE the US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). The HSE has published Methods for the Determination of Hazardous Substances (MDHS) for over 70 specific substances (Health and Safety Executive 1981-95). OSHA and NIOSH have published manuals with more than 500 and 100 sampling and analytical methods respectively (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health 1994 Occupational Safety and Health Administration 1985). Secondary sources are published literature references in, for example. Annals of Occupational Hygiene, the American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, or Analytical Chemistry. 

The European Committee for Standardization or Comite Europeen de Normalisation (CEN)/Technical Committee (TC) 251 gives the following definition for datum a datum is any single observation or fact. A medical datum generally can be regarded as the value of a specific parameter at a specific time [1]. 

EN 14995, Plastics - Evaluation of Compostability - Test Scheme and Specifications, Comite Europeen de Normalisation Brussels, Belgium, 2006. 

EN 12457, Characterization of Waste - Leaching - Compliance Test for Leaching of Granular Waste Materials, Determination of Leaching of Constituents from Granular Waste Materials, Comite Europeen de Normalisation, Brussels, Belgium, 2003. 

According to Comite Europeen de Normalisation/ Comite Europeen de Normalisation en filectronique et en Electrotechnique (CEN/CENELEC) Technical Specification TC 249 WI [11], bioplastics (and biopolymers as well) can be either biobased or biodegradable, or both. We refer to this definition when using the term bioplastics throughout the chapter. 

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