Colorado potato beetle, insecticidal

The introduction of the Colorado potato beetle into various European countries has created a potential market for insecticides. Its recent spread into Germany and Poland has been followed by a marked increase in the use of various kinds. The past history of this insect indicates that steadily increasing amounts of insecticides will be needed annually in order to control it. 

The use of plant extracts for insect control dates into antiquity the use of Paris green as an insecticide for control of the Colorado potato beetle in 1867 probably marks the beginning of the modern era of chemical control of injurious insects. The development of lead arsenate followed later in the nineteenth century for gypsy moth control. The commercial production of nicotine insecticides, the production of calcium arsenate at the time of the first world war, and the use of fluorine, arsenical, and cyanide compounds, as well as other inorganic chemicals for insect control, were important steps in pest control. These chemicals were applied largely by dilute high pressure sprays or dusts. 

By the beginning of the 1990s, houseflies, Colorado potato beetles, cockroaches, peach aphids, cabbage moths and several other insect species became insensitive to all the insecticides used. 

Biological Beuveria bassiana Mycotrol, Naturalis Thrips, whitefly, aphid, Colorado potato beetle, caterpillars, ants Various fruits and vegetables Insecticide... 

Scott IM, Jensen H, Scott JG, Isman MB, Arnason JT, Philogene BJR, Botanical insecticides for controlling agricultural pests Piperamides and the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae), Arch Insect Biochem Physiol 54 212—225, 2003. 

Chlorfenvinphos is an insecticide for control of a broad range of pests, including root maggots, rootworms, cutworms, Colorado potato beetles, and cotton whiteflies. Its oral LD50 in rats is 10-39 mg/kg. 

Methamidophos is an insecticide and acaricide for control of chewing and sucking insects and spider mites such as aphids, flea beetles, whiteflies, cabbage loopers, thrips, cutworms, Colorado potato beetles, armyworms, mites, leafhoppers, and others on vegetables, cotton, potatoes, and fruits. It has an oral LD50 in rats of 250-500 mg/kg. 

Aldicarb is a systemic insecticide/acaricide/nematocide used against aphids, mites, Colorado potato beetles, thrips, boll weevils, leafhoppers, wireworms, leafminers, nematodes, and many others in citrus, cotton, ornamentals, peanuts, soybeans, sugar beets, sugar cane, tobacco, etc. Its oral LD50 in rats is 1 mg/kg. 

Flucycloxuron is an acaricide/insecticide for control of spider mites, rust mites on grapes, pome fruit, stone fruit, and ornamentals. It is also active against Colorado potato beetle larvae and a number of lepidopterous insects. It has an oral LD50 in rats of >5000 mg/kg. 

Acetamiprid is a systemic insecticide used for control of aphids, Colorado potato beetles, leafhoppers, leafminers, thrips, and whiteflies. Its oral LD30 in rats is 417 mg/kg. 

Thiocyclam is a selective contact and stomach poison insecticide. It is used for control of Colorado potato beetles, leafminers, rice stem borers on potatoes, cotton, rice, sugarcane, ornamentals, and vegetables. Its oral LD50 in rats is 399 mg/kg. 

Bensultap is an insecticide used to control Colorado potato beetles, diamondback moths, rice stem borers, etc., on potato, cereals, rice, and others. Its oral LD30 in rats is 1105 mg/kg. 

Repellent activity, which also respected as insecticidal activity, of T. vulgare was reported by Schearer [222]. The steam distillate of fresh leaves and flowers of tansy was found to be strongly repellent to Colorado potato beetles, Leptinotarsa decemlineata. It seems that this activity is related with essential oils. 

We had a very dramatic example of that in the case of the use of aldicarb on Long Island. Following extensive use of this highly toxic insecticide for the control of the Colorado potato beetle, it was noted that the material readily leached through the coarse sandy soils characteristic of Long Island and finally reached the ground water. Contamination of the only source of drinking water for the area must be classed as a severe environmental crisis. 

In this paper, the use of Bt -based insecticides as tools for controlling insects resistant to synthetic insecticides will be explored through a review of the development of two very different Bt based products M-One Insecticide, based on the naturally occurring Bt variety son diego controls the Colorado potato beetle, a pest that has... 

Unique Mode of Action. As described above, the Bt delta endotoxin is a stomach poison which acts on the midgut epithelial cells of susceptible insects. This is in contrast to the typical mode of action for synthetic chemical insecticides, which act as nerve poisons. Because the Bt site of action is so different from that of synthetic insecticides, Bt has been successfully utilized for control of otherwise resistant insects such as mosquitoes, the diamondback moth and the Colorado potato beetle. 

Potatoes bearing glandular trichomes also defend against the Colorado potato beetle, a devastating pest capable of total crop destruction (4). Although resistance will not eliminate the need for other control tactics in management of this pest, our field experience indicates that present levels of resistance in hybrids can substitute for as much as 40% of the current insecticide usage on susceptible cultivars (14). 

To further asses such hypothesis we carried out a comparative study on the antifeedant and insecticidal effects of the ryanodol/isoryanodol-type diterpenes from P. indica (non-alkaloidal type ryanoids 1-9) [9, 10, 11] and ryanodine-type (alkaloidal type) ryanoids (ryanodine/spiganthine ryanoids 10-18), isolated from Spigelia anthelmia (Loganiaceae) [15, 16]. We studied their effects on the feeding behavior, survivorship and performance (biomass gain and food ingestion) of S. littoralis larvae and L. decemlineata (Colorado potato beetle, CPB) adults [17]. 

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