Sandy soils characteristics

We had a very dramatic example of that in the case of the use of aldicarb on Long Island. Following extensive use of this highly toxic insecticide for the control of the Colorado potato beetle, it was noted that the material readily leached through the coarse sandy soils characteristic of Long Island and finally reached the ground water. Contamination of the only source of drinking water for the area must be classed as a severe environmental crisis. 

Vary the parameters within the above ranges. How does the soil type affect the transport of solutes Modify the model so that the soil characteristics vary with depth, e.g., a sandy soil near the surface becoming clay deeper below the... 

The sorption and degradation characteristics listed for most pesticide compounds in terms of partition coefficients and half-lives relate only to a (standard) fertile, organic clayey soil and must not to be taken as representative of the permeable sandy soils widely developed on aquifer outcrops. Thus leaching of 1% of original application rates, and perhaps significantly higher, could easily occur for certain compounds on permeable soils. 

Bacterial desiccation and survival of other species in dried soils and mineral powders has been reported (Bitton et al., 1976, Labeda et al., 1976 Dupler Baker, 1984 Moll Vestal, 1992). In many instances the authors did not report soil mineralogical characteristics however, Bitton et al. (1976) showed greater survival of Klebsiella aerogenes under desiccation stress when in soils dominated by montmorillonite as compared to kaolinite. Amendment of montmorillonite to a sandy soil also increased the survival of K. aerogenes and thus produced the greatest increase in survival in these studies as well as those conducted with rhizobia. 

Ohnuki, T. (1994). Sorption characteristics of strontium on sandy soils and their components. Radiochim. Acta 64, 237—245. 

Gillette, D. A. and T. R. Walker (1977). Characteristics of airborne particles produced by wind erosion of sandy soil, high plains of West Texas. Soil Sci. 123, 97-110. 

Technological characteristics of the soil. Clay soils are more cohesive, sticky, and thus mechanically more difficult to treat as compared to sandy soils [5]. 

High levels of microbial infestation are also characteristic of sandy soils, when they are polluted. Increased BM in sands leads to an increase... 

Across its range, jack pine occurs on a variety of soils and site types, although most characteristically on sandy soils (Spodsols or Entisols) (Rudolph and Laidly, 1990). Typical sites include dry sand plains... 

The applicability of solvent flushing, however, is often limited by the characteristics of the soil, especially the particle size distribution. While sandy soils may result in xmcon-trolled fluid migration, clayey soils with partieles size less than 60 pm are often considered unsuitable for in-situ solvent flushing due to low soil permeability. In an attempt to remove PAHs from poorly permeable soils, Li, et alP investigated the possibility of combining cosolvent flushing with the electrokinetie technique. Electrokinetic remediation... 

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