Ovarian carcinomas

Humanized and chimerized MAbs have been developed for the treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, renal cell carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, breast cancer, melanoma, and neuroblastoma [117,119,120,123,124]. Patients with relapsed or refractory myeloid leukaemias that have been treated with HuM95, did not develop significant HAMA responses [59]. 

K-RAS Lung adenocarcinoma Colon carcinoma Ovarian carcinoma Gastric carcinoma Renal cell carcinoma Acute myelogenous leukemia Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma... 

Mice dosed at 7% of the LD50 cyclophosphamide per week subcutaneously for 1 year had higher rates of leukemias, mammary carcinomas, ovarian carcinomas, and lung tumors compared to controls. 

Importantly, other mucinous neoplasms with morphologic intestinal features, the colloid carcinoma of the lungi45 with goblet cells (100%), and a subset of ovarian mucinous carcinomas (64%) are CDX2 positive. The majority of the colloid lung tumors are TTF-1 positive, a feature that allows distinction from metastatic colorectal mucinous carcinoma. Ovarian mucinous carcinomas may be separated from gastrointestinal mucinous carcinomas by virtue of typical immunostaining for CK7 in the ovarian tumors. 

T-cell lymphoma, ALCL, AML, GIST, breast metaplastic carcinoma, ovarian sex cord stromal tumors, synovial sarcoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, endocrine and neuroendocrine tumors, desmoplastic small round cell tumor, melanoma, nephroblastoma, ependymoma, mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, extrarenal malignant rhabdoid tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, meningeal... 

Estrogen receptor (ER) Breast and endometrium carcinoma Ovarian serous, mucinous and endometrioid carcinoma. Breast and endometrial epithelium, endometrial stromal cells and... 

Oct-4 S eminoma/1GC N, embryonal carcinoma Ovarian dysgerminoma, CNS germinoma Germ cells... 

Initial clinical trials have shown that some response has been obtained when the drug is administered to patients with disseminated cervical carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, lymphoepithelioma and hepatocellular carcinoma [302, 303]. 

Doxorubicin [10 ] 1982 Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, Acute myeloblastic leukaemia, Wilms tumour, neuroblastoma Soft tissue and bone sarcomas Breast carcinoma Ovarian carcinoma Transitional cell bladder carcinoma Thyroid carcinoma Gastric carcinoma Hodgkin s disease Malignant lymphoma Bronchogenic carcinoma 60-75 mg/m IV 21 day intervals as monotherapy 40-60mg/m2 IV 21-28day intervals in combination therapy Max recommended cumulative dose 450-500mg/m ... 

Uracil is used more effectively, in nucleic acid synthesis within a rat hepatoma than in normal liver. This observation appears to have stimulated the synthesis of 5-fluorouracil (1027) as an antimetabolite mainly because the introduction of a fluorine atom involves a minimal increase in size. In the event, 5-fluorouracil did prove to have antineoplastic activity and it is now a valuable drug for treatment of tumors of the breast, colon or rectum, and to a lesser extent, gastric, hepatic, pancreatic, uterine, ovarian and bladder carcinomas. As with other drugs which interfere with DNA synthesis, the therapeutic index is quite low and great care is required during treatment (69MI21301). 

Intraperitoneal administration of chemotherapeutic agents has been used for many years as a way of increasing the delivery of drugs to tumors (e.g., ovarian carcinoma) located in the peritoneal cavity (Markman, 1986 Howell and Zimra, 1988). Cisplatin (Casper et al., 1983 Markman et al., 1985), cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) (King et al., 1984 Markman et al., 1985, 1986), and bleomycin (Markman et al., 1986) are examples of intraperitoneally administered drugs which were already successfully applied in clinical settings. 

King, M. E, Pfeifle, C. E., and Howell, S. B. (1984). Intraperito-neal cytosine arabinoside therapy in ovarian carcinoma, J. Clin. Oncol.. 2, 662-669. 

Table 2.2 IC50 values of selected gold(lll) complexes against the human ovarian carcinoma A2780 cell lines sensitive (S) or resistant (R) to cisplatin. Adapted from Ref [47],...

ACTH-secreting non-pituitary tumors (ectopic ACTH syndrome)—15% of cases of endogenous Cushing s syndrome usually from small cell lung carcinoma, bronchial carcinoids, pheochromocytoma, or thymus, pancreatic, ovarian, or thyroid tumor. The tumor is usually disseminated (difficult to localize). 

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, aspirin, and acetaminophen have been suggested for use in the prevention of different cancers, especially hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer.14 While there have been observational studies linked to a reduction of ovarian carcinoma risk, evidence is still lacking. Potential... 

Bristow RE, Tomacruz RS, Armstrong DK, et al. Survival effect of maximal cytoreductive surgery for advanced ovarian carcinoma during platinum era a meta-analysis. ] Clin Oncol 2002 20 1248-1259. 

Rose PG, Blessing fA, Ball HG, et al. A phase II study of docetaxel in paclitaxel-resistant ovarian and peritoneal carcinoma a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Gynecol Oncol 2003 88 130-135. 

CA 125 is a mucin-like glycoprotein antigenic determinant expressed on the surface of coelomic epithelium and human ovarian carcinoma cells however, it does not appear to be specific for ovarian cancer because elevated levels have been reported in breast and colorectal cancers. Studies have shown increased CA 125 levels in patients with ovarian cancer, whereas decreased CA 125 levels in chemotherapy are associated with improved possibility for survival. Some studies have shown failure of CA 125 levels to return to normal after chemotherapy, indicating... 

Ninety-five percent patients monitored for recurrence show CA 125 concentrations greater than 35 U/ml and residual ovarian carcinoma. However, a negative result is not conclusive because half of the patients with negative results have microscopic residual carcinoma. Therefore, it is essential to have a second-look procedure in order to rule out residual carcinoma. Postsurgical monitoring of patients... 

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