Alkyd resins styrenated

The principal synthetic polymers used as coatings are alkyd resins, styrene copolymers, polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), urea, melamine, phenolic and epoxy... 

Styrene-Modified Alkyd Resins. Styrene was first copolymerized with drying oils in the early 1940s. These binders had a substantially improved drying behavior and resistance to water and chemicals compared with untreated oils. The first patents for the production of styrenated alkyd resins were granted in the United Kingdom in 1942 [2.63]. Mixtures of styrene and a-methylstyrene are also used for a more reliable reaction vinyltoluene yields copolymers with improved thinnability in mineral spirit and pigment absorption. 

The solvency of cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons is between that of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. They have a high solvency for fats, oils, oil-modified alkyd resins, styrene-modified oils and alkyd resins, bitumen, rubber, and other polymers. Polar resins (e.g., urea-, melamine-, and phenol-formaldehyde resins), as well as alcohol-soluble synthetic resins and cellulose esters are, however, insoluble. 

Compared to aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons (DIN 51633) have a higher solvency for oils, castor oil, oil-modified alkyd resins, styrene-modfied oils and alkyd resins, saturated polyester resins, polystyrene, poly(vinyl ethers), polyacrylate and polymethacrylate esters. poly(vinyl acetate), vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate copolymers, and many low-polarity resins. 

Vinyl, alkyd, and styrene—butadiene latexes are used as film formers in most architectural coatings. Because alkyd resins (qv) require organic solvents, their use has decreased substantially for architectural coatings, but is stiU holding up in industrial appHcations, where their greater durability justifies the added expense (see Latex technology). 

The alkyd resins are of value because of their comparatively low cost, durability, flexibility, gloss retention and reasonable heat resistance. Alkyd resins modified with rosin, phenolic resin, epoxy resins and monomers such as styrene are of current commercial importance. 

The largest user of phenol in the form of thermosetting resins is the plastics industry. Phenol is also used as a solvent and in the manufacture of intermediates for pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and dyestuffs. Styrene is used in the manufacture of synthetic rubber and polystyrene resins. Phthalic anhydride is used in the manufacture of DMT, alkyd resins, and plasticizers such as phthalates. Maleic anhydride is used in the manufacture of polyesters and, to some extent, for alkyd resins. Minor uses include the manufacture of malathion and soil conditioners. Nitrobenzene is used in the manufacture of aniline, benzidine, and dyestuffs and as a solvent in polishes. Aniline is used in the manufacture of dyes, including azo dyes, and rubber chemicals such as vulcanization accelerators and antioxidants. 

Modified alkyd resins In this group one finds styrenated alkyds, vinyl toluenated alkyds, oil-modified vinyl resins, acrylic alkyds, silicone alkyds and polyurethane alkyds. The modifying component usually has a number of effects. It always increases the molecular weight of the alkyd polymer, and may impart hardness, durability, or chemical resistance. It also affects the solubility of the polymer in solvents. 

Several other resins can be blended with alkyd resins to introduce desired improvement in properties, e. g. cellulose nitrate, chlorinated rubber, phenolics, amino resins or silicons oils. Vinyl monomers like styrene can be added to alkyd resins along with initiator to get a tougher resin with shorter drying times and lighter colour. 

Syretex Styrenated alkyd resins Celanese Coatings... 

Phthalate based polycondensate resins, modified with unsaturated fatty acids and styrene as well as vinyltoluene have many applications in the form of paints and lacquers as alkyd resins". 

Maleic anhydride is an important intermediate in the chemical industry [8-9]. It is used in polycondensation and addition reactions. The end products of these reactions are polyesters, alkyd resins, lacquers, plasticizers, copolymers and lubricants. For example, the copolymer of styrene and maleic anhydride is an engineering plastic. 

Used as an antioxidant and thermostabilizer for polypropylene, polyethylene, impact resistant polystyrene, poly-4-methyl-pentene. Can be used as a stabilizer for natural and synthetic rubber, polyvinyl chloride. A copolymer of acrylonitrile with butadiene and styrene, polyacetals, alkyde resins, polyamides and polyesters. 

Polylite [Reichhold]. TM for a group of 100% reactive alkyd resins, dissolved in styrene and other monomers. Highly diversified applications both alone and in combination with such materials as fibrous glass. This group also includes resins for use with diisocyanate to form rigid or flexible polyurethane foams. 

Alkyd Resins. The phthalic alkyds class includes modifications with phenolics, maleic alkyds, adipic acid, and oils and fatty acids, and excludes modifications with styrene and rosin. The nonbenzenoid alkyd resins (maleic) class includes modifications with phenolics and oils and fatty acids and excludes modifications with styrene, phthalic alkyds, and rosin. 

For alkyd resins, non-benzenoid (maleic type) care must be taken to see that comparability is maintained over a period of years. Styrene alkyds are included in the total for some years. IMaleic alkyds, modified with rosin and rosin ester, are included in the annual figures and in the monthly figures. Figures on maleic alkyds are available from 1938 on 11),... 

Alkyd resins modified with compounds such as styrene, vinyl toluene, and methyl methacrylate have become more important in... 

The composition of ink will depend very much on the printing technique used. Adsorbing inks (e.g. used in most newsprint printing) contain typically mineral oil, unsaturated fatty acids and alkyd resins, whilst radiation curing inks (UV or IR) would be typically epoxy acrylates, urethane acrylates or similar prepolymers that can be polymerised further on irradiation. Finally xerographic inks contain yet other binders, e.g. styrene butadiene rubber or vinyl acrylates... 

DIN 53183 defines an alkyd resin as follows Alkyd resins are synthetic polyester resins produced by esterifying polyhydric alcohols with polybasic carboxylic acids. At least one of the alcohols must be trihydric or higher. Alkyd resins are always modified with natural fatty acids or oils and/or synthetic fatty acids. In order to obtain particular application technology properties, alkyd resins may be additionally modified with compounds such as resin acids, benzoic acid, styrene, vinyltoluene, isocyanates, acrylic, epoxy, or silicone compounds. ... 

Chemical reactions with alkyd resins can take place via their hydroxyl or carboxyl groups as well as via the double bonds of the unsaturated fatty acids. Isocyanates, epoxy resins, or colophony, for example, may be reacted with the hydroxyl groups. The carboxyl groups can be reacted with polyamidoamines (reaction products formed from dimerized linoleic acid and ethylenediamine) to form thixotropic resins, or can react with hydroxy-functional silicone precondensates. The double bonds of the unsaturated fatty acids permit copolymerization with vinyl compounds [e.g., styrene or (meth)acrylic acid derivatives]. 

The properties of bitumen paints (Section 2.14.2) can be favorably modified and adjusted to suit practical requirements by combination with other film-forming substances. For example, the thermoplasticity can be reduced and/or mechanical properties (e.g., hardness, extensibility) can be improved by adding polymers such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisobutene, and styrene-butadiene copolymers. The chemical resistance can also be improved high-quality corrosion protection coatings can be obtained by combination with alkyd resins. 

Styrene [100-42-5] is a colorless liquid that acts as a solvent for unsaturated polyester resins. Styrene is stabilized by the manufacturer to avoid polymerization on storage. Feedstock for chemical syntheses (polymers and copolymers, styrene-modified alkyd resins and oils). 

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