Vaccines contaminated

A comprehensive volume about the contamination of polio vaccine by the monkey virus SV40 and other viruses is by Debbie Bookchin and Jim Schumaker, titled The Virus and the Vaccine Contaminated Vaccine, Deadly Cancers, and Government Neglect, published in 2004. Some of the highlights of this controversy are as follows. 

Vaccination is one of the most important public health accomplishments. However, since vaccine preparation involves the use of materials of biological origin, such as Chinese Hamster Ovary cells, vaccines are susceptible to contamination by micro-organisms, including viruses [16-18]. Several cases of viral vaccine contamination have been reported. For example, human vaccines against poliomyelitis were found to be contaminated with SV40 virus from the use of monkey primary renal cells. Several veterinary vaccines have been contaminated by pestiviruses from foetal calf serum [19]. In 2010 the detection of firagments of a porcine circovirus was the reason for a temporary... 

Pastoret PP (2010) Human and animal vaccine contaminations. Biologicals 38 332—334... 

Standardization and Testing. Potency is determined by titrating the amount of Hve vims using a suitable cell substrate. Safety testing is also performed on seed lots to assure proper attenuation and on vaccine to assure absence of unwanted contaminants. 

A more general example fiom virus vaccine produetion is the rigorous examination of tissue cultures to exclude contamination with infectious agents fiom the sonrce animal or, in the cases of human diploid cells or cells fiom eontinuous cell lines, to detect... 

Caution Avoid drinking unpasteurized milk products and practice good veterinary vaccination practices to avoid natural forms of brucellosis. In a terrorism attack with aerosol, livestock could possibly become contaminated. If this occurs, animal products should be pasteurized, boiled, or thoroughly cooked prior to eating. Water would have to be treated by boiling or iodination after any intentional contamination with brucella aerosols. 

Temporary use of hotel rooms and drive-through facilities Procurement or confiscation of medicines and vaccines Seizure of cell phones and other walkie-talkie type equipment Decontamination of buildings Seizure and destruction of contaminated articles Management of Persons... 

Yes. Vaccinia vaccine is recommended for laboratory workers who directly handle cultures, animals contaminated or infected with, nonhighly attenuated vaccinia virus, recombinant vaccinia viruses derived from nonhighly attenuated vaccinia strains, or other orthopoxviruses that infect humans. These would include monkeypox, cowpox, vaccinia, and variola. Other health-care workers, such as physicians and nurses whose contact with nonhighly attenuated vaccinia viruses is limited to contaminated materials such as medical dressings but who adhere to appropriate infection control measures, are at lower risk for accidental infection than laboratory workers. However, because a theoretical risk for infection exists, vaccination can be offered to this group. Vaccination is not recommended for people who do not directly handle nonhighly attenuated virus cultures or materials or who do not work with animals contaminated or infected with these viruses. 

Although personnel who have been vaccinated recently and who have a demonstrated immune response should be fully protected against infection with smallpox virus, they should continue to observe standard contact precautions including using protective clothing and shoe covers when in contact with smallpox patients or contaminated materials to prevent inadvertent spread of variola virus to susceptible persons and potential self-contact with other infectious agents. 

Laundry handlers should be vaccinated before handling contaminated materials. 

Treatment — Because patients generally are exposed to small amounts of S. enterotoxin B toxin as a result of eating contaminated food (e.g., ham, salads with mayonnaise, and unrefrigerated cream dishes), they often have some protective antibodies. However, if the antibodies are overwhelmed by a terrorist-induced dosage, treatment with steroids should mollify patients symptoms. Further treatment would be supportive care, especially compensating for oxygen and fluid losses. While no vaccines are available, experimental vaccines in development have shown promise.3... 

To date, most approved protein-based drugs are for therapeutic or replacement therapies. They are recombinant versions of natural proteins such as insulin and erythropoietin. Their characteristics and functions are relatively well defined and known. The next phase of biopharmaceuticals, such as antibodies and vaccines, is more complex and requires more tests and characterizations. Controls for the reliability, contamination, and fidelity of expression systems will be high on the agenda in the coming decade. 

Intact plants are also suitable for cost-effective production of recombinant pharmaceutical proteins providing products free of contaminations with endotoxins or human pathogens. Plants generally promote the proper fold of foreign proteins and post-translational modifications that are somehow similar to those of mammalian systems. Also, production of vaccine candidates in cereal seeds allows antigen protection from proteolysis which ensures their stability for a long period of time. 

The President promptly appointed Dr Smith as the first and, as it turned out, only federal vaccine agent. Following an outbreak of smallpox in North Carolina in 1821 that was thought to be caused by a contaminated lot of vaccine supplied by Dr Smith under the 1813 statute, the matter was investigated by two committees of the House of Representatives. The second committee concluded that regulation of smallpox vaccine... 

The clinical significance of DNA-based contaminants in biopharmaceutical products remains unclear. Many traditional biological-based preparations, especially those such as vaccines produced in cell culture systems, have been found to consistently contain host cell-derived DNA. No adverse clinical effects related to the presence of such DNA has been reported. 

Processing steps after harvesting may be carried out simultaneously in the same production area provided that adequate precautions are taken to prevent cross-contamination. For killed vaccines and toxoids, such parallel processing should only be performed after inactivation of the culture or after detoxification. 

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