Terminology, British

CTF 50 and 400 indicate approximate preheat temperature, F, for atomization of fuel in burners (terminology used in British Standard B.S. 1469). Properties depend on distillation range, as shown, and to a lesser extent on coal source. 

The Commission on Macromolecular Nomenclature of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry has published a nomenclature for single-strand organic polymers Pure and Applied Chemistry, 48, 375 (1976)). In addition the Association for Science Education in the UK has made recommendations based on a more general lUPAC terminology, and these have been widely used in British schools. Some examples of this nomenclature compared with normal usage are given in Table 2. 

There has been some discussion as to whether the word "substance" is appropriate in this context. For example, Earley believes it is not because it implies a form of materiality which is not intended [21. In this article, the word "substance" will be used, however, because of the terminology coined by Paneth when he drew his distinction between the two senses of the term "element." However, Paneth actually uses the German words "grundstuff" and "einfacherstuff" which were translated as basic substance and simple substance, respectively, in the article that appeared in the British journal for the Philosophy of Science and which has been most widely read. 

Accordingly, at a joint meeting1 of representatives of the British sub-committee on organo-phosphorus nomenclature and of the American Chemical Societies advisory sub-committee on organo-phosphorus nomenclature it was considered desirable to introduce an entirely new terminology for the P—Cl, P—NHj, etc., type of ester so as to overcome strong differences of opinion. 

The terminology error invariably refers to the difference in the numerical values between a measured value and the true value. It has become universally accepted in methods of comparison that the percentage composition of a standard sample provided and certified by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) or the British Pharmacopoea Chemical Reference Substance (BPCRS) or the European Pharmacopoea... 

The precise meaning of the term multiple sclerosis is many scars. The words themselves do not indicate that the scars are even in the nervous system, let alone in myelin. The British terminology, disseminated sclerosis, is no more descriptive. Charcot, who first distinguished this condition from other disorders of the nervous system including syphilis, coined the slightly more precise French term, sclerose en plaque. ... 

Relevant national standards are available covering particle size analysis by microscopy. BS 3406 Part 4 [11] is the British Standard guide to optical microscopy. The American standard ASTM E20 was discontinued in 1994 [12]. ASTM 175-82 [13] is a standard defining terminology for microscope related applications. ASTM E766-98 [14] is a standard practice for calibrating the magnification of an SEM. NF XI1-661 [15] is the French standard for optical microscopy. NF XI1-696 [16] covers... 

Chapter 10 discussed test methods of interest in cellular plastics and related materials from a general point of view and listed industry, government, British and International (ISO) standards in a number of relevant subject areas. This chapter will list published specifications (139) and test methods (116) used in the United States, in addition to British Standards (28) and ISO International Standards (40). United States industry standards inlcude ASTM Test Methods (116), ASTM Practices, Guides, Definitions, Terminologies and Abbreviations (24), ASTM Specifications (23), SAE-AMS Specifications (25), and Underwriters Laboratories Standards (1). U.S. Government standards covered include Military Specifications (67), Military Standards (S), Federal Standards (2), Military Handbooks (6), and Federal Specifications (24). Most of these standards are undergoing frequent revision and unused standards are constantly being withdrawn. A total of 361 standards are covered. 

The thread now standardised in British industry is the ISO metric thread, ISO being the International Organisation for Standardisation. Terminology of this thread is shown in Appendix 1. 

The earlier illustrations indicate that, with the exception of perhaps the geological classification and the banded structure classification system, coal classification can be a complex operation. While only the major classification systems (especially those relevant to the North American and British scenarios) have been illustrated in detail, there are, nevertheless, other systems which have in the past been used in various other countries. Indeed, these other systems for the classification of coal may still find use in the countries of their origin. No attempt has been made to illustrate these systems in the present context, but they are certainly very worthy of mention as an indication of the nomenclature and terminology applied to coals of the various types. 

ISO TS 27687 2008, Nanotechnologies—Terminology and Definitions for Nano-Objects, British Standards Institution, London, 2008. 

British Standards Institution, BS EN 614—1 Safety of Machinery - Ergonomic design principles - Part 1 Terminology and general principles, BSI, London (2000)... 

BSI British Standards, Terminology for Nanomaterials, PAS 136 (2007) BSI British Standards. 

British Standard. Nanotechnologies — terminology and definitions for nano-objects — nanoparticle, nanofibre and nanoplate. 2009. in PD CEN ISO/TS 27687 2009. 

There is no specific terminology for a variety of roles and responsibilities for those managing fire safety. British Standard 5588-12 2004 Fire Precautions in the Design, Construction and Use of Buildings - Part 12 Managing Fire Safety provides an outline of the responsibilities of the fire safety manager which include ... 

The first chapter of this book included basic definitions relating to the management of safety. There is a wide range and some diversity of terminology contained within British and European standards and HSE and industry guidance. The following definitions, drawn from the standards and guidance, are used in this book. 

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